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The bandoneón is a free-reed instrument particularly popular in Argentina
Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic , is a country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city....
 and
And

And or AND may be any of the following:,* Grammatical conjunction, a part of speech that connects two words, phrases, or clauses* Logical conjunction, a two-place logical operation used in logic and mathematics...
 Uruguay
Uruguay

Uruguay is a country located in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to 3.46 million people, of whom 1.7 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area....
. It plays an essential role in the orquesta tipica
Orquesta típica

Orquesta t?pica, or simply a t?pica, is a Latin-American term for a band which plays popular music. The details vary from country to country....
, the tango
Tango music

Tango is a style of music that originated among European immigrant populations of Argentina and Uruguay. It is traditionally played by a sextet, known as the orquesta t?pica, which includes two violins, piano, doublebass, and two bandoneons....
 orchestra.






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Early Bandonion
Aa Bandoneon
The bandoneón is a free-reed instrument particularly popular in Argentina
Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic , is a country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city....
 and
And

And or AND may be any of the following:,* Grammatical conjunction, a part of speech that connects two words, phrases, or clauses* Logical conjunction, a two-place logical operation used in logic and mathematics...
 Uruguay
Uruguay

Uruguay is a country located in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to 3.46 million people, of whom 1.7 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area....
. It plays an essential role in the orquesta tipica
Orquesta típica

Orquesta t?pica, or simply a t?pica, is a Latin-American term for a band which plays popular music. The details vary from country to country....
, the tango
Tango music

Tango is a style of music that originated among European immigrant populations of Argentina and Uruguay. It is traditionally played by a sextet, known as the orquesta t?pica, which includes two violins, piano, doublebass, and two bandoneons....
 orchestra. The bandoneón, called bandonion by its German
Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
 inventor, Heinrich Band (1821-1860), was originally intended as an instrument for religious music
Religious music

Religious music is music performed or composed for religion use or through religious influence.A lot of music has been composed to complement religion, and many composers have derived inspiration from their own religion....
 and the popular music
Popular music

Popular music is music that is accessible to the mainstream and disseminated by one or more of the mass media. It belongs to any of a number of musical genres, and stands in contrast to classical music, which historically was the music of the elite and upper strata of society, and traditional music which was disseminated orally....
 of the day, in contrast to its predecessor, the German concertina
Concertina

A concertina is a Free-reed instrument musical instrument, like the various accordions and the harmonica. It has a bellows and buttons typically on both ends of it....
 (or Konzertina), considered to be a folk instrument by some modern authors. German sailors and emigrants to Argentina brought the instrument with them in the late nineteenth century, where it was incorporated into the local music. Like concertina
Concertina

A concertina is a Free-reed instrument musical instrument, like the various accordions and the harmonica. It has a bellows and buttons typically on both ends of it....
s, the bandoneón is played by holding the instrument between both hands and either pushing in or pulling out the instrument while simultaneously pressing one or more buttons with the fingers. It is considered part of the concertina
Concertina

A concertina is a Free-reed instrument musical instrument, like the various accordions and the harmonica. It has a bellows and buttons typically on both ends of it....
 family of instruments as they differ from the accordion
Accordion

The accordion is a portable box-shaped musical instrument of the hand-held bellows-driven free reed aerophone family, sometimes referred to as a squeezebox....
 family, though both are free reed instruments.

Unlike the piano accordion
Piano accordion

A piano accordion is an accordion equipped with a right-hand keyboard similar to a piano or reed organ. It is more similar to that of an organ, as they are both wind instruments, but the term "piano accordion"?coined by Guido Deiro in 1910?has remained the popular nomenclature....
, the bandoneón does not have keys as per a piano, but has buttons on both sides. Additionally the notes produced on push and pull are different (bisonoric). This means that each keyboard has actually two layouts - one for the opening notes, and one for the closing notes. Since the right and left hand layouts are also different, this adds up to four different keyboard layouts that must be learned in order to play the instrument. However, there is the advantage that the notes tend to progress from the bass clef on the left hand to above the treble clef on the right. To make matters even more confusing, there are Bandoneons that are monosonoric (same note on push and pull). These variants are more compatible with a chromatic tuning structure.

None of these keyboard layouts is structured to facilitate playing scale passages of notes. Instead the structure is designed to aid the playing of chords, which makes sense when one considers the origin of the instrument and its intended purpose. For a beginning player, certain runs and musical forms can be difficult, but to an experienced player they come quite naturally.

With its arrival in Argentina around 1870, the Bandoneon was adopted by those wishing to incorporate it into the Milonga music of that time (which requires a very fast player indeed). What sprang from that is Tango. A look into the inside of a modern bandoneon:

Famous musicians

The late Argentinian composer and tango genius Ástor Piazzolla
Ástor Piazzolla

?stor Pantale?n Piazzolla was an Argentina tango music composer and bandone?n player. His oeuvre revolutionized the traditional tango into a new style termed nuevo tango, incorporating elements from jazz and European classical music....
 was a leading exponent of the bandoneón. His "Fugata" from 1969 showcases the instrument which plays the initial fugue subject on the 1st statement, then moves on to the outright tango played after the introduction.

List of some bandoneonists:
  • Luis Vasquez leader of the influential Milondombe
  • Alejandro Barletta
  • Alejandro Prevignano
  • Mario Peralta
  • René Marino Rivero
  • Juan José Mossalini
  • Alexander Mitenev
    Alexander Mitenev

    Born in Saint Petersburg Alexander Mitenev began playing music at the age of nine. Before his 16 Alexander had already made a lot of appearances in Russia and obtained Dmitry Likhachev Scholarship....
  • Aníbal Troilo
    Aníbal Troilo

    An?bal Troilo was an Argentina tango music musician.Anibal Troilo is widely thought of by tango listeners as the defining bandoneon player of his generation....
     (1914-1975)
  • Antonio Ríos
  • Ástor Piazzolla
    Ástor Piazzolla

    ?stor Pantale?n Piazzolla was an Argentina tango music composer and bandone?n player. His oeuvre revolutionized the traditional tango into a new style termed nuevo tango, incorporating elements from jazz and European classical music....
     (1921-1992)
  • Claudio Constantini
    Claudio Constantini

    Claudio Constantini is a pianist, bandoneonist and composer, born in Per?, and currently living in The Netherlands.Claudio Constantini was born into a family of musicians....
  • David Eugene Edwards
    David Eugene Edwards

    David Eugene Edwards is an American musician.He is the lead singer of Woven Hand, and also the main songwriter and the principal musician on the recordings of the band....
  • Dino Saluzzi
    Dino Saluzzi

    Timoteo "Dino" Saluzzi is an Argentina musician.The son of popular carpero composer and instrumentalist Cayetano Saluzzi, Dino played the bandone?n since his childhood....
     (1935-)
  • Domingo Federico
  • Eduardo Arolas
    Eduardo Arolas

    Eduardo Arolas was an Argentina Argentine tango Bandoneon player, leader and composer.Arolas first learned to play the guitar before learning the bandoneon which became his instrument of choice....
     (1892-1924)
  • Eduardo Rovira (1925-1980)
  • Ernesto Baffa
  • Fernando Obregón
  • Fernando Tell
  • Gabriel Merlino
  • Gabriel Rivano
    Gabriel Rivano

    Gabriel Rivano is an Argentina bandoneonist, guitarist, flutist and composer, born in Buenos Aires in 1958.In 1990 Gabriel Rivano established the "Gabriel Rivano Quinteto"....
     (1958-)
  • Javier Vallejos
  • José Libertella
  • Juan José Mosalini
  • Julián Plaza
  • Julio Ahumada
  • Julio Pane (1947-)
  • Hector Ulises Passarella
  • Leopoldo Federico
  • Lisandro Adrover
  • Luis Stazo
  • Marcelo Mercadante
  • Marcos Madrigal
  • Miguel Caló
    Miguel Caló

    Miguel Cal? was a famous tango bandoneonist, composer, and the leader of the Orchestra Miguel Cal?.External links*...
  • Nestor Marconi
  • Omar Torres
  • Oscar Bassil
  • Osvaldo Montes
  • Osvaldo Ruggiero
  • Francisca Paquita Bernardo (the first bandoneonist woman)
  • Pedro Laurenz (1902–1972)
  • Pedro Maffia
    Pedro Maffia

    Pedro Mario Maffia was an Argentine tango Bandoneonist, bandleader, composer and teacher, as well as starring in several tango films.Maffia had a hard upbringing, he was beaten with a chain by his father and lived in dire poverty....
     (1899-1967)
  • Raúl Garello
  • Roberto Álvares
  • Rodolfo Mederos
    Rodolfo Mederos

    Rodolfo Mederos is an Argentinia bandoneonist, composer and arranger. He lived in Cuba and France; in Argentina, he founded the cult group Generaci?n Cero....
     (1940-)
  • Rodolfo Montironi
  • Rubén Juárez
  • Rufo Herrera
  • Ryota Komatsu
    Ryota Komatsu

    is a Japanese bandone?n player. He has cooperated with famous Japanese violinist Taro Hakase in his own album La Trampera , and with Bajofondo in their album Mar Dulce ....
  • Tolga Salman
  • Victor Lavallén
  • Victor Villena


External links