Bad Pyrmont is a city in the district of
Hamelin-PyrmontHamelin-Pyrmont is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Schaumburg, Hanover, Hildesheim and Holzminden, and by the state of North Rhine-Westphalia ....
, in
Lower SaxonyLower Saxony lies in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen Bundesländer of Germany...
(Niedersachsen),
GermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
, with a population of 22,000 (2003). It is located on the River Emmer, about 10 km west of the Weser, and a popular
spaA destination spa is a short term residential/lodging facility with the primary purpose of providing individual services for spa-goers to develop healthy habits. Historically many such spas were developed at the location of natural hot springs or sources of mineral waters...
resort that gained its reputation as a fashionable place for princely vacations in the 17th and 18th centuries. Its large park is among the most spectacular in Germany, with a renowned outdoor palm garden.
Bad Pyrmont is a city in the district of
Hamelin-PyrmontHamelin-Pyrmont is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Schaumburg, Hanover, Hildesheim and Holzminden, and by the state of North Rhine-Westphalia ....
, in
Lower SaxonyLower Saxony lies in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen Bundesländer of Germany...
(Niedersachsen),
GermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
, with a population of 22,000 (2003). It is located on the River Emmer, about 10 km west of the Weser, and a popular
spaA destination spa is a short term residential/lodging facility with the primary purpose of providing individual services for spa-goers to develop healthy habits. Historically many such spas were developed at the location of natural hot springs or sources of mineral waters...
resort that gained its reputation as a fashionable place for princely vacations in the 17th and 18th centuries. Its large park is among the most spectacular in Germany, with a renowned outdoor palm garden. The
baroqueBaroque is an artistic style prevalent from the late 16th century to the early 18th century. The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Roman Catholic Church, which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent that the arts should communicate religious themes in...
castle (1706-1710), part of an impressive complex of fortifications from the 16th century, today houses the museum. Unique in Europe is the
vapor cave, where therapeutic
carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's atmosphere in this state...
vapors emerge from the earth. The town is also the center of the
Religious Society of FriendsThe Religious Society of Friends is a religious movement, whose members are known as Friends or Quakers. The roots of this movement are with some 17th century Christian English dissenters, but today the movement has branched out into many independent national and regional organizations, called...
(Quakers) in Germany. Bad Pyrmonter mineralwasser, popular throughout northern Germany, is bottled in Bad Pyrmont.
Country Clubs
Bad Pyrmont is a town with many country clubs and clinics. It has lots of spare time activities for older people, and local people commonly describe Bad Pyrmont as "one big old peoples' home".
Hospitals
Bad Pyrmont is well known for its
Bathildis Hospital - The Bathildis Clinic. The clinic is specialised for diseases related to the backbone and nerves, people from all over Germany come to get treatments within the relatively small clinic because of the success of its doctors, and because of the historic bath town infrastructure and comforts, especially for old people.
History
Formerly called
Pyrmont, it was the seat of a small county during much of the Middle Ages. In 1625 the county became part of the much larger county of
WaldeckWaldeck was a sovereign principality in the German Empire and German Confederation and, until 1929, a constituent state of the Weimar Republic. It comprised territories in present-day Hesse and Lower Saxony, ....
through inheritance. In January 1712 the count of Waldeck and Pyrmont was elevated to hereditary prince by Emperor
Charles VICharles VI was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary , King of Bohemia and Archduke of Austria from 1711 to 1740...
. For a brief period, from 1805 to 1812, Pyrmont was again a separate principality as a result of inheritance and partition after the death of the previous prince, but the two parts were united again in 1812. The principality of Waldeck-Pyrmont retained its status after the
Congress of ViennaThe Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by the Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from November, 1814 to June, 1815. Its objective was to settle the many issues arising from the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic...
of 1815 and became a member of the
German ConfederationThe German Confederation was the association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to serve as the successor to the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, which had been abolished in 1806. In 1848, revolutions by liberals and nationalists occurred in an attempt to...
. From 1868 onward, it was administered by
PrussiaPrussia was a historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries this state had substantial influence on German and European history...
, but retained its nominal sovereignty. In 1871 it became a constituent state of the new
German EmpireThe German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from the unification of Germany and proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor on 18 January 1871 to 1918, when it became a German republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of Wilhelm II .The term Second Reich...
. At the end of
World War IWorld War I , also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Wars, was a global military conflict which involved most of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance...
, the prince abdicated and Waldeck-Pyrmont became a
free stateFree state is a term occasionally used in the official titles of some states.In principle the title asserts and emphasises the freedom of the state in question, but what this actually means varies greatly in different contexts:...
within the
Weimar RepublicThe Weimar Republic is the name given by historians to the parliamentary republic established in 1919 in Germany to replace the imperial form of government, named after Weimar, the place where the constitutional assembly took place. Its official name was still Deutsches Reich , however...
. On 30 November 1921, following a local plebiscite, the city and district of Pyrmont were detached and incorporated into the Prussian
Province of HanoverThe Province of Hanover was at various times a principality within the Holy Roman Empire, an Electorate within the same, an independent Kingdom, and a subordinate province within the Kingdom of Prussia. The territory was named after its capital, the city of Hanover, which was the principal town of...
.
Famous citizens
Max BornMax Born was a German born physicist and mathematician who was instrumental in the development of quantum mechanics. He also made contributions to solid-state physics and optics and supervised the work of a number of notable physicists in the 1920s and 30s...
,
PhysicistA physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
,
Nobel PrizeThe Nobel Prize is a Sweden-based international monetary prize. The award was established by the 1895 will and estate of Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel. It was first awarded in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace in 1901...
Winner and grandfather of
Olivia Newton-JohnOlivia Newton-John AO, OBE is a British-born, Australian-raised singer and actress. She is a four-time Grammy award winner who has amassed five No. 1 and ten other Top Ten Billboard Hot 100 singles and two No. 1 Billboard 200 albums...
Famous visitors
- Adalbert von Chamisso, poet
- Adolph Freiherr Knigge, author
- Albert Lortzing
Gustav Albert Lortzing was a German composer, actor and singer. He is considered to be the main representative of the German Spieloper, a form similar to the French Opéra comique, which grew out of the Singspiel....
, composer
- August Friedrich von Kotzebue, dramatist
- August and Ernst Horneffer, philosophers
- Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. A noted polymath, Franklin was a leading author and printer, satirist, political theorist, politician, scientist, inventor, civic activist, statesman, soldier, and diplomat...
, statesman and polymathA polymath is a person whose expertise fills a significant number of subject areas. In less formal terms, a polymath may simply refer to someone who is very knowledgeable...
- Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Charles II was ruler of the state of Mecklenburg-Strelitz from 1794 until his death. Originally ruling as duke he was raised to the title grand duke in 1815...
and his brother ErnstDuke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg, Prince of Mirow was a member of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and the father of Queen Charlotte of the United Kingdom.-Life:...
- Charles Augustus, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, friend of Herder and Goethe
- Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden
- Christian Graf von Haugwitz
Christian August Heinrich Kurt Graf von Haugwitz was a German statesman, best known for serving as Foreign Minister of Prussia during the Napoleonic Wars.- Life :...
, Prussian Secretary of State
- Christian Wilhelm von Dohm
Christian Wilhelm von Dohm was a German historian and political writer. In 1781, he wrote Über die Bürgerliche Verbesserung der Juden, a work in two volumes on Jewish emancipation.-External links:* http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=416&letter=D...
, Statesman and Minister
- Christian and Friedrich Stolberg, poet-brothers
- Christoph Friedrich Nicolai
Christoph Friedrich Nicolai was a German writer and bookseller.Nicolai was born in Berlin, where his father, Christoph Gottlieb Nicolai , was the founder of the famous Nicolaische Buchhandlung...
, author
- Christoph Friedrich Wedekind, poet
- Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland
Christoph Wilhelm Friedrich Hufeland was a German physician. He is famous as the most eminent practical physician of his time in Germany and as the author of numerous works displaying extensive reading and a cultivated critical faculty.He was born at Langensalza, Thuringia and educated at...
, physician
- Eugen Diederichs
Eugen Diederichs was a German publisher from Löbitz.Diederichs started his publishing company in Florence, Italy, in 1896. He moved on to Leipzig, where he published the early works of Herman Hesse, and from there to Jena in 1904. He started publishing the magazine Die Tat in 1912...
, publisher
- Felix von Luckner
Felix Graf von Luckner was a German nobleman, navy officer, author and noted sailor who earned the epithet Der Seeteufel -- and his crew that of Die Piraten des Kaisers -- for his exploits in command of the sailing commerce raider SMS Seeadler in...
, lieutenant commander
- Ferdinand Duke of Braunschweig (Brunswick)
- Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
The Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany was a member of the Hanoverian and British Royal Family, the second eldest child, and second son, of King George III...
, Prince-Bishop of OsnabrückThe Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück was a prince-bishopric centered on the Roman Catholic Diocese of Osnabrück. The diocese was erected in 772 and is the oldest see founded by Charlemagne, in order to Christianize the conquered stem-duchy of Saxony....
- Frederick II of Prussia
Frederick II was a King of Prussia from the Hohenzollern dynasty. In his role as a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire, he was Frederick IV of Brandenburg. He was in personal union the sovereign prince of the Principality of Neuchâtel...
, also known as Frederick the Great
- Friedrich Bogislav von Tauentzien
Friedrich Bogislav von Tauentzien was a Prussian general who served during the wars of King Frederick the Great....
, Prussian General of the wars of liberation (Napoleon)
- Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock
Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock was a German poet.-Biography:Klopstock was born at Quedlinburg, the eldest son of a lawyer....
, poet
- Friedrich Graf Kleist von Nollendorf
Friedrich Emil Ferdinand Heinrich Graf Kleist von Nollendorf , born and died in Berlin, was a Prussian field marshal and a member of the old junker family von Kleist....
, Prussian General Field Marshal
- Friedrich Heinrich Himmel
Friedrich Heinrich Himmel , German composer, was born at Treuenbrietzen in Brandenburg, Prussia, and originally studied theology at Halle before turning to music....
, composer
- Frederick III, German Emperor
Frederick III was German Emperor and King of Prussia for 99 days in 1888 during the Year of the Three Emperors...
- Friedrich Justin Bertuch
Friedrich Johann Justin Bertuch was a German publisher and patron of the arts. He co-founded the Fürstliche freie Zeichenschule Weimar with the painter Georg Melchior Kraus in 1776...
, author
- Friedrich Wilhelm II, King of Prussia
- Friedrich von Matthisson
Friedrich von Matthisson , German poet, was born at Hohendodeleben near Magdeburg, the son of the village pastor, on the 23rd of January 1761. After studying theology and philology at the university of Halle, he was appointed in 1781 master at the classical school Philanthropy in Dessau...
, lyrical poet
- Fritz Muliar
Fritz Muliar, born as Friedrich Ludwig Stand , was an Austrian actor who, due to his huge popularity, is often referred to by his countrymen as Volksschauspieler.-Biography:...
, actor
- Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher
Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Fürst von Wahlstatt , Graf , later elevated to Fürst von Wahlstatt, was a Prussian Generalfeldmarschall who led his army against Napoleon I at the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813 and at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 with the Duke of Wellington.He is...
, Prince of Wahlstadt, General Field Marshal
- Gottfried August Bürger
Gottfried August Bürger was a German poet from Molmerswende , Principality of Halberstadt, where his father was the Lutheran pastor.-Biography:...
, lyric poet and poet of ballads
- Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing was a German writer, philosopher, dramatist, publicist, and art critic, and one of the most outstanding representatives of the Enlightenment era. His plays and theoretical writings substantially influenced the development of German literature.-Life:Lessing was born in...
, poet
- Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden
Gustav IV Adolf was King of Sweden from 1792 until his abdication in 1809. He was the son of Gustav III of Sweden and his queen consort Sophia Magdalena, eldest daughter of Frederick V of Denmark and his first wife Louise of Great Britain. He was the last Swedish ruler of Finland.-Early...
- Gustav Friedrich Wilhelm Großmann, theater-director
- Gustav Stresemann
was a German liberal politician and statesman who served as Chancellor and Foreign Minister during the Weimar Republic. He was co-laureate of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1926.Stresemann's politics defy easy categorization...
, Chancellor of the Reich
- Heinrich Friedrich, Margrave
A Margrave was a medieval hereditary nobleman with military responsibilities in a border province of a kingdom. Border provinces usually had more exposure to military incursions from the outside, compared to interior provinces, and thus a margrave usually had larger and more active military forces...
of Brandenburg-SchwedtBrandenburg-Schwedt was a cadet line of the Hohenzollerns of Brandenburg-Prussia who administered territories in the north of the Margraviate of Brandenburg...
- Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein, Prussian statesman
- Heinrich Lachmann, physician
- Heinrich von Stephan
Heinrich von Stephan was a general post director for the German Empire who reorganized the German postal service. He was integral in the founding of the Universal Postal Union in 1874, and in 1877 introduced the telephone to Germany.Stephan was born in Stolp , Pomerania, in the Kingdom of Prussia...
, General-Postmaster
- Jens Baggesen, Danish and German poet
- Joachim Heinrich Campe
Joachim Heinrich Campe was a German writer, linguist, educator and publisher.- Life :The son of a merchant was teacher of Alexander and Wilhelm von Humboldt from 1775....
, educationalist, author, publisher
- Johann Gottfried Herder
Johann Gottfried von Herder was a German philosopher, theologian, poet, and literary critic. He is associated with the periods of Enlightenment, Sturm und Drang, and Weimar Classicism.-Biography:...
, poet
- Johann Heinrich Tischbein
Johann Heinrich Tischbein the Elder, called the Kasseler, , was one of the most respected European painters in the 18th century and an important member of the Tischbein dynasty of German painters, which spanned four generations.His work consisted primarily of portraits of the nobility, mythology...
, painter at the court of Cassel
- Johann Heinrich Voß
Johann Heinrich Voss was a German poet and translator.-Life:Voss was born at Sommersdorf in Mecklenburg-Strelitz as the son of a farmer. After attending the Gymnasium at Neubrandenburg from 1766-1769, he was obliged to accept a private tutorship in order to earn money to enable him to study at a...
, poet, translator of Homer
- Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein
Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, also known as Goethe-Tischbein was a German painter. He was a descendant of the Tischbein family of painters, and a pupil of his uncle Johann Jacob Tischbein....
, painter ("Goethe in the Campagna")
- Johann Rudolf von Bischoffswerder, Prussian Secretary
- Johann Stephan Pütter
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a German writer and polymath. Goethe's works span the fields of poetry, drama, literature, theology, philosophy, humanism and science. Goethe's magnum opus, lauded as one of the peaks of world literature, is the two-part drama Faust...
- Charles Augustus, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Goethes' patron
- Karl August von Hardenberg
Karl August Fürst von Hardenberg was a Prussian statesman and Prime Minister of Prussia.- Biography :Hardenberg was born at Essenrode near Hanover...
, Prussian statesman and Prime Minister
- Karl August Tittmann
- Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
Karl Christian Friedrich Krause was a German philosopher, born at Eisenberg, Thuringia.Educated at first at Eisenberg, he proceeded to the nearby Jena, where he studied philosophy under Professor Friedrich W. Schelling, Hegel and Fichte and became privatdozent in 1802...
, philosopher
- Karl Devrient, famous actor of the 18th century, nephew of Ludwig Devrient
Ludwig Devrient was a German actor, noted for his playing in the works of Shakespeare and Schiller.Devrient, who was born in Berlin, left a commercial career for the stage in 1804. He was a member of a notable theatrical family, including his nephew the actor, writer and singer Eduard Devrient.His...
- Karl Philipp Moritz
Karl Philipp Moritz was a German author, editor and essayist of the Sturm und Drang, late enlightenment, and classicist periods, influencing early German Romanticism as well...
, author, poet
- Leopold II, Prince of Lippe
Lippe is a Kreis in the east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Herford, Minden-Lübbecke, Schaumburg, Hameln-Pyrmont, Holzminden, Höxter, Paderborn, Gütersloh, and district-free Bielefeld....
- Louis Spohr
Louis Spohr was a German composer, violinist and conductor. Born Ludwig Spohr, he is usually known by the French form of his name outside Germany.-Life:...
, composer
- Ludwig Keller, author
- Matthias Claudius
Matthias Claudius was a German poet, otherwise known by the penname of “Asmus”.-Life:Claudius was born at Reinfeld, near Lübeck, and studied at Jena...
, poet
- Otumfou Nana Opoku Ware II, King of Asante/Ghana
- Prince Paul of Württemberg
Prince Paul of Württemberg was a German prince and the fourth child and second son of Frederick I of Württemberg and Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.-Early life:...
- Samuel Hahnemann
Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann was a German physician who created homoeopathy now almost universally spelled homeopathy.-Life:...
, founder of homoeopathy
- Thomas Dehler
Thomas Dehler was a German politician. He was the Federal Republic of Germany's first Minister of Justice and chairman of Free Democratic Party .-Early life:...
, Federal Minister, Vice-president of the Federal Assembly
- William I, German Emperor
Wilhelm I, also known as Wilhelm the Great of the House of Hohenzollern was the King of Prussia and the first German Emperor ....
- William IV of the United Kingdom
William IV was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death on 20 June 1837...
and Hannover
External links
Multimedia
- CBC Archives CBC Radio reports on surrender of the city April 22 1945.