Bad Harzburg is a
spa townA spa town — or simply a spa — is a town situated around a mineral spa . Patrons resorted to spas to "take the waters" for their purported health benefits. The word comes from the Belgian town Spa. In continental Europe a spa was known as a ville d'eau...
in central
GermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
, in the
Goslar districtGoslar is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Osterode, Northeim, Hildesheim and Wolfenbüttel, the city of Salzgitter, and by the states of Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia .- History :The history of the district is linked with the city of Goslar.The district of...
,
Lower SaxonyLower Saxony lies in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen Bundesländer of Germany...
.
Bad Harzburg is situated at the northern foot of the
HarzThe Harz is a mountain range in central Germany. It is the highest mountain chain in northern Germany occupying parts of the German states of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. The name Harz derives from the Middle High German word Hardt or Hart...
mountain range and the rim of the
Harz National ParkThe Harz National Park is a nature reserve in the German federal states of Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt. It comprises large portions of the western Harz mountain range, extending from Herzberg and Bad Lauterberg at the southern edge to Bad Harzburg and Ilsenburg on the northern slopes...
. In the east of the
municipalityA municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. A municipality is typically governed by a mayor and a city council or municipal council.The notion of municipality...
is the border to the
stateGermany is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen states, known in German as . Since is also the German word for "country", the term is commonly used colloquially, as it is more specific, though technically incorrect within the corpus of German law.The citizens of the states form the nation...
of
Saxony-AnhaltSaxony-Anhalt is one of the sixteen Bundesländer that make up the Federal Republic of Germany. It has an area of , and a population of 2.45 million...
, the former inner German border. The small
Radau river, a tributary to the
OkerThe Oker is a river in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Aller river and in length, running generally northerly.Its source is located on the Bruchberg mountain near the town of Altenau within the Harz mountain range. Leaving the Harz, the river winds through a narrow valley...
, has its source in the Harz mountains and flows through the locality. Neighbouring municipalities are the city of
GoslarGoslar is a historic town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the administrative centre of the district of Goslar and located on the northwestern slopes of the Harz mountain range. The Old Town of Goslar and the Mines of Rammelsberg are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.-Geography:Goslar is situated at the...
in the west, the towns of
VienenburgVienenburg is a town in the district of Goslar, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated in the north of the Harz mountain range on the river Oker, approx. 10 km northeast of Goslar. Other neighbouring municipalities are Bad Harzburg and Schladen. Vienenburg was first mentioned in a 1306 deed as a...
in the north,
BraunlageBraunlage is a town and health resort in the Goslar district in Lower Saxony in Germany. It lies within the Harz mountain range, south of the Brocken.Nowadays Braunlage's main business is tourism, particularly ski tourists...
in the south as well as
IlsenburgIlsenburg is a town in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt in Germany. It is situated under the north foot of the Harz Mountains, at the entrance to the Ilsetal valley of the small Ilse river, a tributary of the Oker, about six north-west of the town of Wernigerode. It received town privileges...
and
OsterwieckOsterwieck is a town in the district of Harz, in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It is situated on the river Ilse, north of Wernigerode. It is part of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Osterwieck-Fallstein....
in the east.
- Bad Harzburg
- Bettingerode
- Bündheim
- Eckertal
- Göttingerode
- Harlingerode
- Schlewecke
- Westerode
According to legend
CharlemagneCharlemagne was King of the Franks from 768 to his death. He expanded the Frankish kingdoms into a Frankish Empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe...
had a
chapelA chapel is a building used as a place for fellowship and of worship for Christians. It may be attached to an institution such as a large church, a college, a hospital, a palace, a prison or a cemetery, or may be an entirely free-standing building, sometimes with its own grounds...
built on the
Burgberg mountain (482m/1,581ft) about 780 in the place of a
SaxonThe Saxons were a confederation of Old Germanic tribes. Their modern-day descendants in Lower Saxony and Westphalia and other German states are considered ethnic Germans ; those in the eastern Netherlands are considered to be ethnic Dutch; those in north...
sacred groveA sacred grove is a grove of trees of great religious importance to a particular culture. Sacred groves were most prominent in the Ancient Near East and prehistoric Europe, but feature in various cultures throughout the world...
dedicated to the
paganGermanic paganism, or Germanic mythology includes the theology and religious practices of the Germanic peoples preceding their Christianization. The best documented version of the Germanic pagan religions is 10th and 11th century Odinism, though other information can be found from Anglo-Saxon and...
god
Krodo.
Bad Harzburg is a
spa townA spa town — or simply a spa — is a town situated around a mineral spa . Patrons resorted to spas to "take the waters" for their purported health benefits. The word comes from the Belgian town Spa. In continental Europe a spa was known as a ville d'eau...
in central
GermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
, in the
Goslar districtGoslar is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Osterode, Northeim, Hildesheim and Wolfenbüttel, the city of Salzgitter, and by the states of Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia .- History :The history of the district is linked with the city of Goslar.The district of...
,
Lower SaxonyLower Saxony lies in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen Bundesländer of Germany...
.
Geography
Bad Harzburg is situated at the northern foot of the
HarzThe Harz is a mountain range in central Germany. It is the highest mountain chain in northern Germany occupying parts of the German states of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. The name Harz derives from the Middle High German word Hardt or Hart...
mountain range and the rim of the
Harz National ParkThe Harz National Park is a nature reserve in the German federal states of Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt. It comprises large portions of the western Harz mountain range, extending from Herzberg and Bad Lauterberg at the southern edge to Bad Harzburg and Ilsenburg on the northern slopes...
. In the east of the
municipalityA municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a city, town, or village, or a small grouping of them. A municipality is typically governed by a mayor and a city council or municipal council.The notion of municipality...
is the border to the
stateGermany is a Federal Republic consisting of sixteen states, known in German as . Since is also the German word for "country", the term is commonly used colloquially, as it is more specific, though technically incorrect within the corpus of German law.The citizens of the states form the nation...
of
Saxony-AnhaltSaxony-Anhalt is one of the sixteen Bundesländer that make up the Federal Republic of Germany. It has an area of , and a population of 2.45 million...
, the former inner German border. The small
Radau river, a tributary to the
OkerThe Oker is a river in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is a left tributary of the Aller river and in length, running generally northerly.Its source is located on the Bruchberg mountain near the town of Altenau within the Harz mountain range. Leaving the Harz, the river winds through a narrow valley...
, has its source in the Harz mountains and flows through the locality. Neighbouring municipalities are the city of
GoslarGoslar is a historic town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the administrative centre of the district of Goslar and located on the northwestern slopes of the Harz mountain range. The Old Town of Goslar and the Mines of Rammelsberg are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.-Geography:Goslar is situated at the...
in the west, the towns of
VienenburgVienenburg is a town in the district of Goslar, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated in the north of the Harz mountain range on the river Oker, approx. 10 km northeast of Goslar. Other neighbouring municipalities are Bad Harzburg and Schladen. Vienenburg was first mentioned in a 1306 deed as a...
in the north,
BraunlageBraunlage is a town and health resort in the Goslar district in Lower Saxony in Germany. It lies within the Harz mountain range, south of the Brocken.Nowadays Braunlage's main business is tourism, particularly ski tourists...
in the south as well as
IlsenburgIlsenburg is a town in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt in Germany. It is situated under the north foot of the Harz Mountains, at the entrance to the Ilsetal valley of the small Ilse river, a tributary of the Oker, about six north-west of the town of Wernigerode. It received town privileges...
and
OsterwieckOsterwieck is a town in the district of Harz, in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It is situated on the river Ilse, north of Wernigerode. It is part of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Osterwieck-Fallstein....
in the east.
City districts
- Bad Harzburg
- Bettingerode
- Bündheim
- Eckertal
- Göttingerode
- Harlingerode
- Schlewecke
- Westerode
History
According to legend
CharlemagneCharlemagne was King of the Franks from 768 to his death. He expanded the Frankish kingdoms into a Frankish Empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe...
had a
chapelA chapel is a building used as a place for fellowship and of worship for Christians. It may be attached to an institution such as a large church, a college, a hospital, a palace, a prison or a cemetery, or may be an entirely free-standing building, sometimes with its own grounds...
built on the
Burgberg mountain (482m/1,581ft) about 780 in the place of a
SaxonThe Saxons were a confederation of Old Germanic tribes. Their modern-day descendants in Lower Saxony and Westphalia and other German states are considered ethnic Germans ; those in the eastern Netherlands are considered to be ethnic Dutch; those in north...
sacred groveA sacred grove is a grove of trees of great religious importance to a particular culture. Sacred groves were most prominent in the Ancient Near East and prehistoric Europe, but feature in various cultures throughout the world...
dedicated to the
paganGermanic paganism, or Germanic mythology includes the theology and religious practices of the Germanic peoples preceding their Christianization. The best documented version of the Germanic pagan religions is 10th and 11th century Odinism, though other information can be found from Anglo-Saxon and...
god
Krodo. Allegedly
King Conrad IConrad I , called the Younger, was duke of Franconia from 906 and king of Germany from 911 to 918, the only king of the Conradine dynasty...
had founded a
collegeCollege is a term most often used today to denote degree awarding tertiary educational institution. More broadly, it can be the name of any group of colleagues, for example, an electoral college, a College of Arms or the College of Cardinals...
of
canonsA canon is a priest who is a member of certain bodies of the Christian clergy subject to an ecclesiastical rule ....
here in 916, which
Emperor Henry IIIHenry III , called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors. He was the eldest son of Conrad II of Germany and Gisela of Swabia and his father made him duke of Bavaria in 1026, after the death of Duke Henry V...
transferred to the
KaiserpfalzThe term Kaiserpfalz or Königspfalz refers to a number of castles across the Holy Roman Empire which served as temporary, secondary seats of power for the Holy Roman Emperor in the Early and High Middle Ages...
in
GoslarGoslar is a historic town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the administrative centre of the district of Goslar and located on the northwestern slopes of the Harz mountain range. The Old Town of Goslar and the Mines of Rammelsberg are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.-Geography:Goslar is situated at the...
in 1039. Between 1065 and 1068 his successor
Emperor Henry IVHenry IV was King of Germany from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century...
had a big
castleA castle is a defensive structure seen as one of the main symbols of the Middle Ages. The term has a history of scholarly debate surrounding its exact meaning, but it is usually regarded as being distinct from the general terms fort or fortress, in that it describes a residence of a monarch or...
- the
Harzburg - built on the mountain, where he was besieged in 1073 by the rebellious Saxons under
DukeA duke is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy. The title comes from the Latin Dux Bellorum, which had the sense of "military commander" and was employed by both the Germanic peoples themselves and by the Roman authors...
Otto of NordheimOtto of Northeim , born about 1020, died 11 January 1083, was Duke of Bavaria from 1061 until 1070. He was one of the leaders of the Saxon revolt against Emperor Henry IV....
. Henry managed to flee the castle, which was badly damaged by the insurgents.
Emperor Frederick I BarbarossaFrederick I Barbarossa was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned in Aachen on 9 March, crowned King of Italy in Pavia in 1154, and finally crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV on 18 June 1155. He was crowned King of Burgundy at Arles on 30 June 1178...
rebuilt it after he defeated his rival Duke
Henry the LionHenry the Lion was a member of the Guelph dynasty and Duke of Saxony, as Henry III, from 1142, and Duke of Bavaria, as Henry XII, from 1156, which duchies he held until 1180....
, member of the Welf dynasty, and invaded Saxony in 1180. Henry's son
Emperor Otto IVOtto IV of Brunswick was one of two rival kings of the Holy Roman Empire from 1198 on, sole king from 1208 on, and emperor from 1209 on. The only king of the Welf dynasty, he was deposed in 1215.-Biography:...
died at the castle on May 19, 1218. From 1488 on, the
Harzburg with its surrounding estates was part of the duchy of
Brunswick-LüneburgBrunswick-Lüneburg was a historical ducal state during the period from the late Middle Ages until the late Early Modern era within the North-Western domains of the Holy Roman Empire....
.
ArchaeologicalArchaeology or archeology is the science that studies human cultures through the recovery, documentation, analysis, and interpretation of material culture and environmental data, including architecture, artifacts, biofacts, and landscapes...
findings of a later abandoned first settlement below the castle called
Schulenrode (secret root out) date back to the 10th century. Another locality nearby called
Hartesborch was first mentioned in a 1314 deed of the
IlsenburgIlsenburg is a town in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt in Germany. It is situated under the north foot of the Harz Mountains, at the entrance to the Ilsetal valley of the small Ilse river, a tributary of the Oker, about six north-west of the town of Wernigerode. It received town privileges...
BenedectineThe Order of Saint Benedict is a Roman Catholic religious order of independent monastic communities that observe the Rule of St. Benedict. Within the order, each individual community maintains its own autonomy, while the organization as a whole exists to represent their mutual interests...
abbeyAn abbey , is a Christian monastery or convent, under the government of an Abbot or an Abbess, who serves as the spiritual father or mother of the community....
, the place
Neustadt (new town) in 1338. About 1569
Duke Julius of BrunswickJulius of Brunswick-Lüneburg , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was prince of Wolfenbüttel from 1568 until his death....
promoted the development of a
saline waterSaline water is a general term for water that contains a significant concentration of dissolved salts . The concentration is usually expressed in parts per million of salt....
well to extract
saltA salt, in chemistry, is an ionic compound, and can result from the neutralization reaction of acids and bases. Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions so that the product is electrically neutral...
. The well was called
JuliushallIn architecture, several things are commonly known as Halls or halls. A hall is fundamentally a relatively large space enclosed by a roof and walls. In the Iron Age, a mead hall was such a simple building and was the residence of a lord and his retainers...
and since 1852 the
brineBrine is water saturated or nearly saturated with a salt .It is used to preserve vegetables, fish, and meat, in a process known as brining . Brine is also commonly used to age Halloumi and Feta cheeses.Brine is a common fluid used in large refrigeration installations for the transport of heat from...
was used for
salineIn medicine, saline is a general term referring to a sterile solution of sodium chloride in water. It is used for intravenous infusion, rinsing contact lenses, and nasal irrigation. Saline solutions are available in various formulations for different purposes...
baths as well as for other medical purposes.
In 1892 the citizens changed its name from
Neustadt to
Harzburg, it was given the title "Bad" (bath=
spaThe term spa is associated with water treatment which is also known as balneotherapy. Spa towns or spa resorts typically offer thermal or mineral water for drinking and bathing. They also offer various health treatments. The belief in the curative powers of mineral waters goes back to prehistoric...
), received
town privilegesTown privileges or city rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium.Judicially, a town was distinguished from the surrounding land by means of a charter from the ruling monarch that defined its privileges and laws. Common privileges were related to trading...
in 1894 and became an important
spa townA spa town — or simply a spa — is a town situated around a mineral spa . Patrons resorted to spas to "take the waters" for their purported health benefits. The word comes from the Belgian town Spa. In continental Europe a spa was known as a ville d'eau...
and
touristTourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other...
attraction.
20th century
Here on October 11, 1931 the leadership of the NSDAP, the
StahlhelmThe Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten was one of the many paramilitary organizations that arose after the defeat of World War I in the Weimar Republic....
association and the German National People's Party DNVP formed the
Harzburg FrontThe Harzburg Front was a short-lived right-wing political organization in Germany, formed in 1931 as an attempt to present a unified opposition to the government of Heinrich Brüning, Chancellor of the Weimar Republic...
of a united "national opposition" against the German government of
Heinrich BrüningDr. Heinrich Brüning was a German politician during the Weimar Republic. He served as Chancellor of Germany from 1930 to 1932.- Early life :...
. During
World War IIWorld War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including all great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
military
hospitalA hospital is an institution for health care providing patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment, and often but not always providing for longer-term patient stays....
s were established in several hotels. The town surrendered without a fight to the 83rd Infantry Division of the
United States ArmyThe United States Army is the branch of the United States Military responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military and is one of seven uniformed services...
on April 10, 1945.
Demographics
| Year |
Inhabitants |
| 1821 |
4,358 |
| 1848 |
4,679 |
| 1871 |
6,132 |
| 1885 |
7,630 |
| 1905 |
11,568 |
| 1925 |
14,164 |
|
| Year |
Inhabitants |
| 1933 |
14,744 |
| 1939 |
16,686 |
| 1946 |
27,417 |
| 1950 |
29,901 |
| 1956 |
26,487 |
|
| Year |
Inhabitants |
| 1961 |
25,946 |
| 1968 |
26,256 |
| 1970 |
25,334 |
| 1975 |
25,780 |
| 1980 |
24,924 |
|
| Year |
Inhabitants |
| 1985 |
23,662 |
| 1990 |
23,882 |
| 1995 |
23,599 |
| 2000 |
23,100 |
| 2005 |
22,734 |
|
Sights
- The Harzburg was finally slighted
A slighting is the deliberate destruction of a fortification without opposition from its builders or last users.Many European castles or forts were slighted in the Middle Ages by victorious besieging armies. Some were also destroyed by the owners themselves when they were abandoned to prevent...
in 1650 by order of Duke Augustus the YoungerAugustus , called the Younger, was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In the estate division of the House of Welf of 1635, he received the Principality of Wolfenbüttel....
, so only ruins remain today. A scenic overlookA scenic overlook, or just an overlook, is a high place where people can gather to view scenery , and to photograph it. Scenic overlooks are typically created alongside mountain roads, often as a simple turnouts where motorists can pull over onto pavement, gravel, or grass on the right-of-way...
at the western rim offers a panoramic view of the northern lowlandsThe North European Plain is a geomorphological region in Europe. It consists of the low plains between the Central European Highlands to the south and the North Sea and the Baltic Sea to the north. Theses two seas are separated by the Jutland peninsula...
. The place is marked by the 19 m (62 ft) tall Canossasäule (Canossa Column) erected in 1877 in remembrance of both the Walk to CanossaThe Walk to Canossa refers to both the trek itself of Henry IV of the Holy Roman Empire from Speyer to the fortress at Canossa in Emilia Romagna and to the events surrounding his journey, which took place in and around January 1077.-Historical background:When, in his early...
by Emperor Henry IV in 1077 and a famous expression by Chancellor Otto von BismarckOtto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was a Prussian German statesman and aristocrat of the 19th century. As Ministerpräsident of Prussia from 1862–1890, he oversaw the unification of Germany. In 1867 he became Chancellor of the North German Confederation...
during his KulturkampfThe German term refers to German policies in relation to secularity and the influence of the Roman Catholic Church, enacted from 1871 to 1878 by the Chancellor of the German Empire, Otto von Bismarck....
conflict with the Roman Catholic ChurchThe Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church. With more than a billion members, over half of all Christians and more than one-sixth of the world's population, the Catholic Church is a communion of the Western, or Latin Rite Church, and...
"We will not go to Canossa" ("Nach Canossa gehen wir nicht"). Since 1929 the Burgberg Aerial TramwayBurgberg Aerial Tramway is an aerial tramway in Bad Harzburg, Germany. It was built in 1929 by the Bleichert engineering corporation and has a length of 481 metres. Its pushing cable has a diameter of 18 mm, its carrying cable a diameter of 37 mm. The drive is made by an engine of 40 PS...
runs up the mountain.
- The Bündheimer Schloss (Bündheim Castle) was the seat of the Amtmann (bailiff
A bailiff is a governor or custodian ; a legal officer to whom some degree of authority, care or jurisdiction is committed...
or VogtA Vogt in the Holy Roman Empire was the title of a reeve, an overlord exerting guardianship or military protection as well as secular justice over a certain territory...
) of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. It was erected in 1685 under the rule of Duke Rudolph AugustusRudolph Augustus was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1666 until his death. He ruled over the Wolfenbüttel subdivision of the duchy...
at the site of a former manor houseA manor house or fortified manor-house is a country house, which has historically formed the administrative centre of a manor , the lowest unit of territorial organization in the feudal system...
, built in 1573, that had been destroyed during the Thirty Years' WarThe Thirty Years' War was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. The war was fought primarily in Germany and at various points involved most of the countries of Europe...
. The Bündheimer Schloss replaced the Harzburg as the headquarters of the local governmentLocal governments are administrative office that are smaller than a state. The term is used to contrast with offices at nation-state level, which are referred to as the central government, national government, or federal government....
, it was constructed with stones of the slighted castle.
- Near Bündheim Castle are the horse breed
Horse breed is a broad term with no clear consensus as to definition, but most commonly refers to selectively bred populations of domesticated horses, often with pedigrees recorded in a breed registry. However, the term is sometimes used in a very broad sense to define landrace animals, or...
stableA stable is a building in which livestock, especially horses, are kept. It most commonly means a building that is divided into separate stalls for individual animals...
s of the Bad Harzburg stud farm, one of Europe's oldest, established in 1413 by the Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The adjacent horse racingHorse racing is an equestrian sport that has been practiced over the centuries; the chariot races of Roman times are an early example, as is the contest of the steeds of the god Odin and the giant Hrungnir in Norse mythology. It is inextricably associated with gambling...
track is the site of the annual Harzburger Rennwoche (Harzburg Racing Week).
- The Wandelhalle (Pump Room) is the historic centre of the spa resort. Built in 1898 on the site of the former saline well, the hall today is also used for recital
A recital is a musical performance. It can highlight a single performer, sometimes accompanied by piano, or a performance of the works of a single composer.The invention of the solo piano recital has been attributed to Franz Liszt....
s and lecturethumb|A lecture on [[linear algebra]] at the [[Helsinki University of Technology]]A lecture is an oral presentation intended to present information or teach people about a particular subject, for example by a university or college teacher. Lectures are used to convey critical information, history,...
s. On the other side of the Badepark stands the former Badehaus, which now houses a casinoA casino is a facility that houses and accommodates certain types of gambling activities. Casinos are most commonly built near or combined with hotels, restaurants, retail shopping, cruise ships and other tourist attractions...
.
- The Protestant
Protestantism is a branch within Christianity, containing many denominations with some differing practices and doctrines, that principally originated in the sixteenth-century Protestant Reformation. It is considered to be one of the major divisions within Christianity, together with the Roman...
Lutherkirche parish churchA parish church, in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
of 1903 has paintingPainting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . In art, the term describes both the act and the result, which is called a painting. Paintings may have for their support such surfaces as walls, paper, canvas, wood, glass, lacquer, clay or concrete...
s by Adolf Quensen and a Sauer pipe organThe pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurized air through pipes selected via a keyboard. Because each organ pipe produces a single pitch, the pipes are provided in sets called ranks, each of which has a common timbre and loudness throughout the keyboard compass...
.
- East of Bad Harzburg stands an Ostlandkreuz
Ostlandkreuz is the name of memorial crosses in Germany remembering the expulsion of Germans after World War II from the former Sudetenland areas of Czechoslovakia, from Poland and the Soviet part of the former Province of East Prussia...
("Kreuz des deutschen Ostens") in remembrance of the expulsion of Germans after World War IIBy the end of World War II, most of the German population fled or was expelled from areas outside the territory of post-war Germany and post-war Austria, including:...
. Erected in 2000 at an elevation of 555 m (1,821 ft) on the Uhlenklippen mountain, the nowadays 18 m (59 ft) tall intending crossA memorial cross is a cross, which was built as memorial to commemorate a special event; or it may be a simple form of headstone to commemorate the dead.-See also:*Eleanor cross*Roadside memorial*High cross...
replaces an earlier memorialA memorial is an object which serves as a focus for memory of something, usually a person or an event. Popular forms of memorials include landmark objects or art objects such as sculptures, statues or fountains ....
from 1950, which was destroyed by a storm.
Politics
Town council
2006 local elections:
- SPD
The Social Democratic Party of Germany is Germany's oldest political party. The party governed at the federal level in a grand coalition with the Christian Democratic Union and the Christian Social Union until conceding defeat in the federal election of September 2009...
: 13 seats (38,5%)
- CDU
The Christian Democratic Union of Germany is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Germany....
: 12 seats (34,8%)
- Green
The Alliance '90/The Greens is a green political party in Germany which originated from the merger of the German Green Party and Alliance 90 in 1993. Its leaders are Claudia Roth and Cem Özdemir...
: 3 seats (8,5%)
- FDP
The Free Democratic Party is a classical liberal, pro-business political party in Germany. International counterparts include the Liberal Democrats of the United Kingdom, Yabloko in Russia and the Democratic Alliance in South Africa. It is a member of the Liberal International...
: 2 seats (6,9%)
- Offensive D
The Law and Order Offensive Party , short form Offensive D was a minor political party in Germany. It was founded in July 2000 by Hamburg judge Ronald Schill. It wished to call itself PRO but was forbidden from doing so after a judicial complaint by the Pro Deutsche Mitte party...
: 2 seats (6,6%)
- WTD: 2 seats (4,8%)
Twin towns
Wilhelmshaven||-||}Wilhelmshaven is a coastal town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the western side of Jadebusen, a bay of the North Sea.-History:...
,
GermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
, 1988
Port-LouisPort-Louis is a commune in the Morbihan department in Bretagne in north-western France.-References:* * -External links:* * *...
,
FranceFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
, 1993
Szklarska PorębaSzklarska Poręba is a town in Jelenia Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. The town has a population of around 7,000. It is a popular ski resort....
(
Schreiberhau),
PolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe . Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
IlsenburgIlsenburg is a town in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt in Germany. It is situated under the north foot of the Harz Mountains, at the entrance to the Ilsetal valley of the small Ilse river, a tributary of the Oker, about six north-west of the town of Wernigerode. It received town privileges...
,
GermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium,...
Transportation
The
Bundesstraße 4Bundesstraßen are German and Austrian federal highways. One distinguishing characteristic between German Bundesstraßen and the world-famous Autobahnen is that there is a general 100 km/h speed limit on federal highways, as opposed to the "recommended" limit of 130 km/h in unmarked sections of...
federal highway runs through Bad Harzburg, connecting the town with the
Autobahn 395Autobahn is the German word for a major high-speed road restricted to motor vehicles capable of driving at least 60 km/h and having full control of access, similar to a motorway or freeway in English-speaking countries.In most countries, it usually refers to the German autobahn specifically...
to
BraunschweigBraunschweig , known as Brunswiek in Low German, is a city of 245,810 people , located in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located north of the Harz mountains at the farthest navigable point of the Oker river, which connects to the North Sea via the rivers Aller and Weser...
in the north and with
NordhausenNordhausen is a city at the southern edge of the Harz mountains, in the state of Thuringia, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Nordhausen...
and
ErfurtErfurt is the capital city of Thuringia and is the main city nearest to the geographical centre of Germany, located 100 km SW of Leipzig, 150 km N of Nürnberg and 180 km SE of Hannover. Erfurt Airport can be reached by plane via Munich. It lies in the southern part of the Thuringian...
in the south. In the east-west direction the
Bundesstraße 6Bundesstraßen are German and Austrian federal highways. One distinguishing characteristic between German Bundesstraßen and the world-famous Autobahnen is that there is a general 100 km/h speed limit on federal highways, as opposed to the "recommended" limit of 130 km/h in unmarked sections of...
leads to the
Autobahn 14is an autobahn in eastern Germany.Currently, the route comprises two disconnected sections:* The old A 241. A North-South route in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern which runs from Wismar to Schwerin....
at Bernburg and to Hannover.
Rail transportRail transport is the conveyance of passengers and goods by means of wheeled vehicles running along railways or railroads. Rail transport is part of the logistics chain, which facilitates international trade and economic growth...
is available at the Bad Harzburg
train stationA railway station, train station, railroad station, or station yard is a facility at which passengers may board and alight from trains, and/or where rail-transported freight may be loaded or unloaded. Historically, the term depot has also been employed in North America...
by
RegionalExpressThe term Regional-Express denotes a type of regional train in Germany and Austria .It is best compared to a semi-fast train, as it calls at fewer stations than Regionalbahn or S-Bahn trains, but stops more often than InterCity services...
and
RegionalBahnThe Regionalbahn is a type of local passenger train in Germany.- Service :Regionalbahn trains usually call at all stations on a given line, with the exception of RB trains within S-Bahn networks, these may only call at selected stations...
trains of the
Deutsche BahnDeutsche Bahn AG is the German national railway company, a private joint stock company . Headquartered in Berlin, it came into existence in 1994 as the successor to the former state railways of Germany, the Deutsche Bundesbahn of West Germany and the Deutsche Reichsbahn of East Germany...
running to Hannover, Braunschweig,
HolzmindenHolzminden is a town in southern Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Holzminden. It is located directly on the river Weser, which here is the border to North Rhine-Westphalia.-History:...
and
HalleHalle is the largest city in the German State of Saxony-Anhalt. It is also called Halle an der Saale in order to distinguish it from Halle in North Rhine-Westphalia...
.
Honorary citizen
- 1895 Otto von Bismarck
Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was a Prussian German statesman and aristocrat of the 19th century. As Ministerpräsident of Prussia from 1862–1890, he oversaw the unification of Germany. In 1867 he became Chancellor of the North German Confederation...
(1815–1898), Reichskanzler
People from Bad Harzburg
- Waldemar Koch
Waldemar Koch was a German liberal politician and economist.He was born in Bad Harzburg, Lower Saxony. Koch studied Economy and worked for years for AEG....
, politicianA politician or political leader is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making. This includes people who hold decision-making positions in government, and people who seek those positions, whether by means of election, coup d'état, appointment, electoral fraud, conquest,...
, born September 25, 1880, died May 15, 1963 in BerlinBerlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. With a population of 3.4 million within its city limits, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city and the eighth most populous urban area in the European Union...
- Frithjof Schmidt
Frithjof Schmidt is a German politician and Member of the European Parliament for Alliance '90/The Greens, part of the European Greens....
, politicianA politician or political leader is an individual who is involved in influencing public decision making. This includes people who hold decision-making positions in government, and people who seek those positions, whether by means of election, coup d'état, appointment, electoral fraud, conquest,...
, born April 17, 1953
- Karl Peters
Karl Peters , German traveler in Africa, one of the founders of German East Africa , was born at Neuhaus an der Elbe near Hannover, the son of a Lutheran clergyman....
, colonizerColonialism is the building and maintaining of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. Sovereignty over the colony is claimed by the metropole...
, lived in Bad Harzburg from 1914 until his death on September 10, 1918
External links