Bacterial display
Encyclopedia
Bacterial display is a protein engineering
technique used for in vitro
protein
evolution. Libraries of polypeptides displayed on the surface of bacteria
can be screened using flow cytometry
or iterative selection procedures (biopanning).
Competing methods for protein evolution in vitro are phage display
, ribosome display
, yeast display
, and mRNA display
.
Protein engineering
Protein engineering is the process of developing useful or valuable proteins. It is a young discipline, with much research taking place into the understanding of protein folding and recognition for protein design principles....
technique used for in vitro
In vitro
In vitro refers to studies in experimental biology that are conducted using components of an organism that have been isolated from their usual biological context in order to permit a more detailed or more convenient analysis than can be done with whole organisms. Colloquially, these experiments...
protein
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
evolution. Libraries of polypeptides displayed on the surface of bacteria
Bacteria
Bacteria are a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals...
can be screened using flow cytometry
Flow cytometry
Flow cytometry is a technique for counting and examining microscopic particles, such as cells and chromosomes, by suspending them in a stream of fluid and passing them by an electronic detection apparatus. It allows simultaneous multiparametric analysis of the physical and/or chemical...
or iterative selection procedures (biopanning).
Competing methods for protein evolution in vitro are phage display
Phage display
Phage display is a method for the study of protein–protein, protein–peptide, and protein–DNA interactions that uses bacteriophages to connect proteins with the genetic information that encodes them. Phage Display was originally invented by George P...
, ribosome display
Ribosome display
Ribosome display is a technique used to perform in vitro protein evolution to create proteins that can bind to a desired ligand. The process results in translated proteins that are associated with their mRNA progenitor which is used, as a complex, to bind to an immobilized ligand in a selection step...
, yeast display
Yeast display
Yeast display is a technique used in the field of protein engineering. The yeast display technique was first published by the laboratory of Professor K. Dane Wittrup. The technology was sold to Abbott Laboratories in 2001....
, and mRNA display
MRNA display
mRNA display is a display technique used for in vitro protein, and/or peptide evolution to create molecules that can bind to a desired target. The process results in translated peptides or proteins that are associated with their mRNA progenitor via a puromycin linkage. The complex then binds to...
.