Azienda Trasporti Milanesi
Encyclopedia
Azienda Trasporti Milanesi (ATM) is a public company, responsible for public transportation in Milan
Milan
Milan is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital city of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area, roughly coinciding with its administrative province and the bordering Province of Monza and Brianza ,...

 city and some surrounding municipalities, in Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

. It operates 19 tram lines
Tram
A tram is a passenger rail vehicle which runs on tracks along public urban streets and also sometimes on separate rights of way. It may also run between cities and/or towns , and/or partially grade separated even in the cities...

, part of which are run with Peter Witt streetcar
Peter Witt streetcar
Peter Witt was a Cleveland Railway commissioner, who designed a model of streetcar known by his name, and used in many North American cities, most notably in Toronto and Cleveland.-Features:...

s from the 1920s
1920s
File:1920s decade montage.png|From left, clockwise: Third Tipperary Brigade Flying Column No. 2 under Sean Hogan during the Irish Civil War; Prohibition agents destroying barrels of alcohol in accordance to the 18th amendment, which made alcoholic beverages illegal throughout the entire decade; In...

, 78 urban Bus
Bus
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker buses and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are...

 lines, 4 Trolleybus
Trolleybus
A trolleybus is an electric bus that draws its electricity from overhead wires using spring-loaded trolley poles. Two wires and poles are required to complete the electrical circuit...

 lines, 33 interurban Bus
Bus
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker buses and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are...

 lines, 3 underground lines (Metropolitana di Milano), carrying over 734 million passengers in 2010.

ATM offers also other minor services mainly related to transportation around the city. These services include Radiobus, an on-call minibus service; the light railway linking the San Raffaele Hospital with the line 2 underground; the Como-Brunate funicular
Funicular
A funicular, also known as an inclined plane or cliff railway, is a cable railway in which a cable attached to a pair of tram-like vehicles on rails moves them up and down a steep slope; the ascending and descending vehicles counterbalance each other.-Operation:The basic principle of funicular...

 railway; Guidami car sharing and BikeMi
BikeMi
BikeMi is a public bicycle sharing system in Milan, Italy. It was launched on 8 December 2008 and is contracted to and operated by Clear Channel on the basis of its SmartBike system...

 bike sharing services.

History

Public transport in Milan started on August 17, 1840, with the opening of the Milan-Monza
Monza
Monza is a city and comune on the river Lambro, a tributary of the Po, in the Lombardy region of Italy some 15 km north-northeast of Milan. It is the capital of the Province of Monza and Brianza. It is best known for its Grand Prix motor racing circuit, the Autodromo Nazionale Monza.On June...

 railway. Horse drawn buses were introduced in 1841.
Services were run by the Società Anonima degli Omnibus (SAO), "Omnibus Anonymous Company". The company was responsible for 11 bus lines between 1861 and 1865.

Few years later the first horse drawn trams were introduced: 3 lines were opened in 1881 followed in 1893 by the first electric tramway, built by Edison company. Two years later the same company opened 18 more lines, all ruled by municipality offices. Edison's concession on new lines expired in 1917, leaving all the operations to the municipality. Few years later the public offices responsible for public transport operations were made independent, becoming the Azienda Tranviaria Municipale (ATM) in 1931.

In the meantime, the first petrol powered bus lines were introduced in 1905, operated by SITA (Società Italiana Trasporto con Automobili) and then moved under control of ATM along with the first trolleybus
Trolleybus
A trolleybus is an electric bus that draws its electricity from overhead wires using spring-loaded trolley poles. Two wires and poles are required to complete the electrical circuit...

 line (1933).

After World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

 resources were focused on bus lines and, since the mid-'50s, on the new metro. Milan Metro
Milan Metro
The Milan Metro is the rapid transit system serving Milan, Italy, operated by Azienda Trasporti Milanesi. Milan metro is the longest metro system in Italy, and is the core of the Milan Transportation System...

 construction began in 1957 and in 1964 the first line was opened. Five years later the Line 2 was inaugurated.

On 1 January 1965 ATM changed its name to "Azienda Trasporti Municipali" (Municipal Transport Company). In these years a new generation of longer tram (jumbotram) were introduced. In the 1960s
1960s
The 1960s was the decade that started on January 1, 1960, and ended on December 31, 1969. It was the seventh decade of the 20th century.The 1960s term also refers to an era more often called The Sixties, denoting the complex of inter-related cultural and political trends across the globe...

 Italy and Milan saw a strong increase in car owners, and the increasing importance of private over public transport.

Several new stations of the two metro lines are opened in the following years. The new Line 3 was inaugurated in 1990.

Tram line 15 to Rozzano
Rozzano
Rozzano is a comune in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 9 km south of Milan. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 38,493 and an area of 12.3 km²....

 was the first to go beyond the city border in 1992.

ATM changed its name again in 1999 to adopt the current one, "Azienda Trasporti Milanesi", and it became a S.p.a. in 2001.
In this years the first on-demand service, the Radiobus, was introduced to operate during night.

The first fast tram
Fast tram
Fast tram is a type of LRT, which is a tram system with high velocities. The Belgian Premetro and German Stadtbahn are two of types of fast trams....

 line (Line 7) was introduced on 7 December 2002. This was followed by other 2 on 8 December 2003: Line 4 on the north and Line 15 on the south.

New magnetic tickets and electronic pass cards were introduced in 2004. The complete replacing process took 3 years.

Underground Lines

The Milan rapid transit network consists of 3 lines:
  • M1 Sesto I Maggio - Rho
    Rho (Italy)
    Rho is a town and comune near Milan, Italy in the region of Lombardy, and has about 51,000 inhabitants.-History:Rho is first mentioned in a written document from 846 AD, referred to as simply a bunch of houses under the name of Vicus Raudus. According to a theory, the name derives from the Campi...

     Fiera / Bisceglie
  • M2 Assago Milanofiori Forum / Abbiategrasso - Cologno
    Cologno Monzese
    Cologno Monzese is a comune in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 5 km north-east of Milan...

     Nord / Gessate
    Gessate
    Gessate is a comune in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 km northeast of Milan. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 6,496 and an area of 7.8 km²....

  • M3 San Donato - Comasina

The network is more than 83 km (52 mi) long and serves 94 stations, mainly underground. The system has a daily ridership of almost 900,000 and is the biggest in Italy.

ATM also manages the Copenhagen Metro
Copenhagen Metro
Copenhagen Metro is a rapid transit system serving Copenhagen, Frederiksberg and Tårnby in Denmark. The system opened between 2002 and 2007, and has two lines, M1 and M2. The driverless light metro supplements the larger S-train rapid transit system, and is integrated with DSB local trains and...

.

Interurban Tram Lines

The interurban tram network consists of 2 lines:
  • 178 Milan (Parco Nord) - Desio
    Desio
    Desio is a town and comune in the Province of Monza and Brianza, Italy.-History:In 1277 it was the location of the battle between the Visconti and della Torre families for the rule of Milan. It is also known as the birthplace of Pope Pius XI and the Arsenal goalkeeper, Vito Mannone...

  • 179 Milan (Comasina) - Limbiate
    Limbiate
    Limbiate is a comune in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 15 km north of Milan.- Immigration : - Demografic Stats-External links:*...

     (Hospital)

Urban Buses

The urban bus network comprises 78 lines.

Interurban Buses

The interurban bus network comprises 33 lines.
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