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Autosome

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Autosome

An autosome is a non-sex chromosome

Chromosome

A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in Cell . A chromosome is a single piece of DNA that contains many genes, regulatory sequence and other genetic sequence....
. It is an ordinarily paired type of chromosome that is the same in both sex

Sex

In biology, sex is a process of combining and mixing genetics traits, often resulting in the specialization of organisms into male and female types ....
es of a species. For example, in human

Human

A human being, also human or man, is a member of a species of bipedalism primates in the family Hominidae . Mitochondrial DNA evidence indicates that modern humans originated in east Africa about 200,000 years ago....
s, there are 22 pairs of autosomes. The X and Y chromosomes are not autosomal. Non-autosomal chromosomes are usually referred to as sex chromosomes, allosomes or heterosomes.

Like other chromosomes, autosomes display STR

Short tandem repeat

A short tandem repeat in DNA is a class of polymorphism that occurs when a pattern of two or more nucleotides are repeated and the repeated sequences are directly adjacent to each other....
and SNP

Single nucleotide polymorphism

A single-nucleotide polymorphism is a DNA sequence variation occurring when a single nucleotide — adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine — in the genome differs between members of a species ....
mutations which can be observed and have been used in genetic testings for ancestry, ethnicity, race and genealogical purposes.

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Encyclopedia

An autosome is a non-sex chromosome

Chromosome

A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in Cell . A chromosome is a single piece of DNA that contains many genes, regulatory sequence and other genetic sequence....
. It is an ordinarily paired type of chromosome that is the same in both sex

Sex

In biology, sex is a process of combining and mixing genetics traits, often resulting in the specialization of organisms into male and female types ....
es of a species. For example, in human

Human

A human being, also human or man, is a member of a species of bipedalism primates in the family Hominidae . Mitochondrial DNA evidence indicates that modern humans originated in east Africa about 200,000 years ago....
s, there are 22 pairs of autosomes. The X and Y chromosomes are not autosomal. Non-autosomal chromosomes are usually referred to as sex chromosomes, allosomes or heterosomes.

Like other chromosomes, autosomes display STR

Short tandem repeat

A short tandem repeat in DNA is a class of polymorphism that occurs when a pattern of two or more nucleotides are repeated and the repeated sequences are directly adjacent to each other....
and SNP

Single nucleotide polymorphism

A single-nucleotide polymorphism is a DNA sequence variation occurring when a single nucleotide — adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine — in the genome differs between members of a species ....
mutations which can be observed and have been used in genetic testings for ancestry, ethnicity, race and genealogical purposes. There are private testing companies which do autosomal STR tests and autosomal SNPs tests.

See also

Autosomal dominant
Autosomal recessive
CODIS
Combined DNA Index System

The Combined DNA Index System is a DNA database funded by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation . It is a computer system that stores DNA profiling created by federal, state, and local crime laboratories in the United States, with the ability to search the database to assist in the identification of suspects in crimes....
Homologous chromosome
Homologous chromosome

Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes in a biological cell that pair during meiosis, or alternatively, non-identical chromosomes that contain information for the same biological features and contain the same genes at the same locus but possibly different genetic information, called alleles, at those genes....
OmniPop
OmniPop

OmniPop is a program used to class populations by Autosome results. It is a Microsoft Excel file & requires Excel to run. The program is recognized and used by National Institute of Standards and Technology for the purpose of clustering autosomal markers, and is also suggested by commercial genealogical genetics companies to their customers a...
Allosome
Allosome

An allosome is a sex chromosome that differs from an ordinary autosome in form, size, or behavior. The human sex chromosomes are a typical pair of allosomes....

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