designs, develops, manufactures, markets, and sells [[motor vehicle]]s, and is one of the world's most important [[economic sector]]s by [[revenue]].
The term
usually does not include industries dedicated to automobiles after delivery to the customer, such as [[Automobile repair shop|repair shop]]s and [[motor fuel]] [[filling stations]].
The first practical automobile with a [[petrol engine]] was built by [[Karl Benz]] in 1885 in [[Mannheim|Mannheim, Germany]]. Benz was granted a patent for his automobile on 29 January 1886, and began the first production of automobiles in 1888, after [[Bertha Benz]], his wife, had proved with the first long-distance trip in August 1888 (from [[Mannheim]] to [[Pforzheim]] and back) that the horseless coach was absolutely suitable for daily use. Since 2008 a [[Bertha Benz Memorial Route]] commemorates this event.
Soon after, [[Gottlieb Daimler]] and [[Wilhelm Maybach]] in [[Stuttgart]] in 1889 designed a vehicle from scratch to be an automobile, rather than a [[horse-drawn carriage]] fitted with an engine. They also are usually credited as inventors of the first [[motorcycle]], the [[Daimler Reitwagen|Daimler
]], in 1885, but [[Italy]]'s [[Enrico Bernardi]], of the [[University of Padua]], in 1882, patented a {{convert|0.024|hp|W|1|lk=in}} {{convert|122|cc|cid|abbr=on|lk=on}} one-cylinder petrol motor, fitting it into his son's [[tricycle]], making it at least a candidate for the first automobile, and first motorcycle;.{{rp|p.26}} Bernardi enlarged the tricycle in 1892 to carry two adults.{{rp|p.26}}
Until 2005, the U.S.A. was leading the world in total automobile production. In 1929 before the Great Depression, the world had 32,028,500 automobiles in use, and the US automobile industry produced over 90% of the automobiles in the world, ie 28,551,500. And over one half the cars in foreign lands were of U.S. make. At that time the U.S. had one car per 4.87 persons. In 2006, Japan narrowly passed the U.S. in production and held this rank until 2008. In 2009, China took the top spot with 13.78 million units produced. With 18.3 million units produced 2010, China produced nearly twice the amount of second place Japan (9.6 million units), the U.S. trailed in place 3 with 7.8 million units.
{{Main|Automotive industry by country}}
About 250 million vehicles are in use in the United States. Around the world, there were about 806 million cars and light trucks on the road in 2007, consuming over {{convert|260|e9USgal|m3}} of gasoline and diesel fuel yearly. The automobile is a primary mode of transportation for many developed economies. The Detroit branch of [[Boston Consulting Group]] predicts that, by 2014, one-third of world demand will be in the four [[BRIC]] markets (Brazil, Russia, India and China). Other potentially powerful automotive markets are Iran and Indonesia.
Emerging auto markets already buy more cars than established markets. According to a J.D. Power study, emerging markets accounted for 51 percent of the global light-vehicle sales in 2010. The study expects this trend to accelerate.
{{Main|List of countries by motor vehicle production}}
{{World motor vehicle production by country in 2010}}
It is common for automobile manufacturers to hold stakes in other automobile manufacturers. These ownerships can be explored under the detail for the individual companies.
Notable current relationships include:{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}}
*[[Daimler AG]] holds a 20% stake in [[Eicher Motors]], a 10.0% stake in [[KAMAZ]], a 10% stake in [[Tesla Motors]], a 6.75% stake in [[Tata Motors]] and a 3.1% in the [[Renault]]-[[Nissan Motors]] alliance. They are in the process of selling back their 40% stake (11% remaining) in [[McLaren Group]]. This process will be finalized in 2011.
*[[Dongfeng Motor Corporation]] is involved in joint ventures with several companies around the world, including: [[Honda]] (Japan), [[Hyundai]] (South Korea), [[Nissan Motors|Nissan]] (Japan), [[Nissan Diesel]] (Sweden), and [[PSA Peugeot Citroen]] (France).
*[[Fiat]] holds a 90% stake in [[Ferrari]] and a 53.5% stake in [[Chrysler]].
*[[Ford Motor Company]] holds a 3% stake in [[Mazda]] and an 8.3% share in [[Aston Martin]].
*[[Geely Automobile]] holds a 23% stake in [[Manganese Bronze Holdings]].
*[[General Motors]] and [[Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation]] (SAIC) have two joint ventures in [[Shanghai GM|Shanghai General Motors]] and [[SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile]].
*[[Hyundai Kia Automotive Group]] holds a 38.67% stake in [[Kia Motors]], down from the 51% that it acquired in 1998.
*[[MAN SE]] holds a 17.01% voting stake in [[Scania (company)|Scania]].
*[[Porsche|Porsche Automobil Holding SE]] has a 50.74% stake in [[Volkswagen Group]]. Due to liquidity problems, Volkswagen Group is now in the process of acquiring Porsche.
*[[Renault]] and [[Nissan Motors]] have an alliance involving two global companies linked by cross-shareholding, with Renault holding 44.3% of Nissan shares, and Nissan holding 15% of (non-voting) Renault shares. The alliance holds a 3.1% share in [[Daimler AG]].
*[[Renault]] holds a 25% stake in [[AvtoVAZ]] and 20.5% of the voting stakes in [[Volvo Group]].
*[[Toyota]] holds a 51% stake in [[Daihatsu]], and 16.5% in [[Fuji Heavy Industries]], parent company of [[Subaru]].
*[[Volkswagen Group]] holds a 37.73% stake in [[Scania (company)|Scania]] (68.6% voting rights), and a 53.7% stake in [[MAN SE]] (55.9% voting rights). Volkswagen is integrating Scania, MAN and its own truck division into one division.
*[[Volkswagen Group]] has a 49.9% stake in [[Porsche|Porsche AG]]. Volkswagen is in the process of acquiring Porsche, which will be completed in late 2011.
*[[Volkswagen Group]] has a 19.9% stake in [[Suzuki]], and Suzuki has a 5% stake in Volkswagen.
The table below shows the world's largest motor vehicle manufacturing groups, along with the [[marque]]s produced by each one. The table is ranked by 2010
production figures from the [[International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers]] (OICA) for the parent group, and then alphabetically by marque. Joint ventures are not reflected in this table. Production figures of joint ventures are typically included in OICA rankings, which can become a source of controversy.NEWLINE
NEWLINENEWLINE| [[Marque]] | [[Country of origin]] | Ownership | Markets | NEWLINE
NEWLINE1. [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]] ( Japan) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Lexus]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Scion (car)|Scion]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINENorth America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Toyota]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Daihatsu]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal, except North America and Australia | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Hino Motors|Hino]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEAsia Pacific, North America and South America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 2. [[General Motors|General Motors Company]] ( United States) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Buick]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINENorth America, China, Israel, Taiwan | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Cadillac]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINENorth America, Europe, Asia, Middle East, Africa | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Chevrolet]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal, except Australia, New Zealand | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[GMC (automobile)|GMC]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINENorth America, Middle East | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Holden]] | NEWLINE  | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEAustralia, New Zealand | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Opel]] | NEWLINE  | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal, except North America, United Kingdom | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEUnited Kingdom | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 3. [[Volkswagen Group|Volkswagen Group AG]] ( Germany) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Audi]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Bentley]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Bugatti Automobiles|Bugatti]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Lamborghini]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Scania AB|Scania]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[SEAT]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEEurope, South America, North Africa, Middle East | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Škoda Auto|Škoda]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal, except North America, Japan and South Africa | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Volkswagen]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE4. [[Hyundai Motor Group]] ( South Korea) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Hyundai Motor Company|Hyundai]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Kia Motors|Kia]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal, except Mexico | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 5. [[Ford Motor Company]] ( United States) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Lincoln (automobile)|Lincoln]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINENorth America, Middle East, Japan, South Korea | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 6. [[Nissan]] ( Japan) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Infiniti]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal, except Japan, South America and Africa | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Nissan Motors|Nissan]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 7. [[Honda Motor Company]] ( Japan) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Acura]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINENorth America, China | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Honda]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE8. [[PSA Peugeot Citroën|PSA Peugeot Citroën S.A.]] ( Early Modern France) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Citroën]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal, except North America, South Asia | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Peugeot]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal, except North America, South Asia | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 9. [[Suzuki|Suzuki Motor Corporation]] ( Japan) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Suzuki]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Maruti Suzuki]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEIndia, Middle East, South America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 10. [[Renault]] ( Early Modern France) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Automobile Dacia|Dacia]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEEurope, Latin America, Africa, Asia, except Japan | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Renault]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal, except North America, South Korea | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Renault Samsung Motors|Renault Samsung]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINESouth America, Asia, except Japan and China | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 11. [[Fiat|Fiat S.p.A.]] ( Italy) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Abarth]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Alfa Romeo]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Ferrari]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Fiat Automobiles|Fiat]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Fiat Professional]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal, except North America and Japan | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Lancia]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEEurope and Japan (except UK and Republic of Ireland) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Maserati]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 12. [[Daimler AG]] ( Germany) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Freightliner Trucks|Freightliner]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINENorth America, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Master Motors|Master]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEPakistan | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Maybach]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Mercedes-Benz]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation|Mitsubishi Fuso]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Orion International|Orion]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINENorth America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Setra]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEEurope | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[smart (automobile)|Smart]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINENorth America, Europe, Japan, South East Asia, South Africa | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Thomas Built Buses|Thomas Built]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINENorth America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Western Star Trucks|Western Star]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINENorth America, Australia, New Zealand | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 13. [[Chrysler|Chrysler Group, LLC]] ( United States) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Chrysler (division)|Chrysler]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal, UK and Republic of Ireland, except Europe | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Dodge]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal, except Europe | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Jeep]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Ram (automobile)|Ram]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINENorth America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 14. [[BMW|BMW AG]] ( Germany) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[BMW]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Mini (marque)|MINI]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Rolls-Royce Motor Cars|Rolls-Royce]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 15. [[Mazda|Mazda Motor Corporation]] ( Japan) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Mazda]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 16. [[Mitsubishi Motors|Mitsubishi Motors Corporation]] ( Japan) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Mitsubishi Motors|Mitsubishi]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE17. [[Chang'an Motors|Chana Automobile Company, Ltd]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Chang'an Motors|Chana]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina, South Africa, Europe | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 18. [[Tata Motors|Tata Motors, Ltd]] ( India) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Hispano Carrocera|Hispano]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEEurope | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Jaguar Cars|Jaguar]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Land Rover]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Tata Motors|Tata]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal, except North America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Tata Daewoo Commercial Vehicle|Tata Daewoo]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINESouth Korea | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 19. [[FAW Group|First Automotive Group Corporation]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[FAW Besturn|Besturn]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[FAW Freewind|Freewind]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[FAW Haima|Haima]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[FAW Hongqi|Hongqi]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[FAW Jiaxing|Jiaxing]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[FAW Vita|Vita]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Tianjin Xiali|Xiali]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 20. [[Geely Automobile]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Geely]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina, Russia, North Africa | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Shanghai Maple Guorun Automobile|Maple]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Volvo Cars|Volvo (Cars)]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 21. [[Chery Automobile|Chery Automobile Company, Ltd]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Chery Automobile|Chery]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina, Africa, South East Asia, Russia | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Riich (automobile)|Riich]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Rely (automobile)|Rely]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 22. [[Fuji Heavy Industries|Fuji Heavy Industries, Ltd]] ( Japan) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Subaru]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 23. [[Dongfeng Motor Corporation]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Dongfeng Motor Corporation|Dongfeng]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 24. [[Beijing Automobile Works|Beijing Automotive Industry Holding Corporation, Ltd]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Beijing Automobile Works|BAW]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Foton (company)|Foton]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE25. [[AvtoVAZ|OAO AvtoVAZ]] ( Russia) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[AvtoVAZ|Lada]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal, except North America and Portugal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[AvtoVAZ|VAZ]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINERussia | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 26. [[BYD Auto]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[BYD Auto|BYD]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina, Russia | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 27. [[Isuzu|Isuzu Motors, Ltd]] ( Japan) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Isuzu]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal, except North America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 28. [[Anhui Jianghuai Automobile|Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Company, Ltd]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Anhui Jianghuai Automobile|JAC]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 29. [[Brilliance China Auto|Brilliance China Automotive Holding, Ltd]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Brilliance China Auto|Brilliance]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina, North Africa | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Jinbei (car)|Jinbei]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 30. [[Great Wall Motor|Great Wall Motor Company, Ltd]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Great Wall Motor|Great Wall]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina, South Africa, Russia, North Africa, Australia | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Litex Motors]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEEurope | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 31. [[Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[MG Motor]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEChina, United Kingdom, Chile, Argentina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Roewe]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Nanjing Automobile (Group) Corporation|Soyat]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Nanjing Automobile (Group) Corporation|Yuejin]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 32. [[Mahindra & Mahindra Limited|Mahindra & Mahindra, Ltd]] ( India) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Mahindra & Mahindra Limited|Mahindra]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEIndia, South East Asia, Europe, North Africa, North America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[SsangYong Motor Company|SsangYong]]** | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE33. [[Hafei Motor]] ( Mainland China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Hafei Motor|Hafei]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 34. [[Volvo|AB Volvo]] ( Sweden) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Mack Trucks|Mack]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Nissan Diesel]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Nova Bus|NovaBus]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINENorth America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Prevost Car|Prevost]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINENorth America | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Renault Trucks]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal, except Japan | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Volvo Trucks]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 35. [[Jiangxi Changhe Automobile]] ( Mainland China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Jiangxi Changhe Automobile|Changhe]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 36. [[Qingling Motors Company Ltd.]] ( Mainland China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Qingling]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE37. [[Proton (automobile)|Proton Holdings, Bhd]] ( Malaysia) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Proton (automobile)|Proton]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEAsia Pacific (except Japan and South Africa), United Kingdom, Middle East | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Lotus Cars|Lotus]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 38. [[Hunan Jiangnan|Hunan Jiangnan Automobile]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Jiangnan]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 39. [[M.A.N|MAN SE]] ( Germany) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[MAN SE]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEEurope | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 40. [[Lifan Motor|Chongqing Lifan Automobile Company, Ltd]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Lifan]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 41. [[FJMG|Fujian Motor Industry Group Company]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Soueast Motors|Soueast]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE42. [[Kuozui Motors|Kuozui Motors, Ltd]] ( Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Kuozui Motors|Kuozui]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINETaiwan | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 43. [[Shandong Kaima]] ( Mainland China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Shandong Kaima|Kaima]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Shandong Kaima|Jubao]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Shandong Kaima|Aofeng]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 44. [[Porsche]] ( Germany) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Porsche]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINESubsidiary | NEWLINEGlobal | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 45. [[Chenzhou Chifeng Motor|Chenzhou Gonow Nanyan Chifeng Vehicle]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Gonow]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 46. [[Ziyang Nanjun Automobile Co., Ltd.]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Nanjun]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| 47. [[Rongcheng Huatai Motor]] ( People's Republic of China) | NEWLINE
NEWLINE| [[Huatai]] | NEWLINE | NEWLINEDivision | NEWLINEChina | NEWLINE
{{Main|Minor automotive manufacturing groups}}
There are many automobile manufacturers other than the major global companies. They are mostly regional or operating in niche markets.
{{div col}}
*[[Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers]]
*[[:Category:Automotive industry by country|Automotive industry by country]]
*[[Automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010]]
*[[Automotive market]]
*[[Big Three automobile manufacturers]]
*[[Effects of the 2008-2009 automotive industry crisis on the United States]]
*[[List of countries by motor vehicle production]]
*[[Motocycle]]
{{div col end}}
{{Wiktionary}}
*[http://www.utelio.it/market-share-auto.php Market Share Auto]
*[http://www.autoalliance.org Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers]
*[http://www.deautogids.nl/auto/landenlijst.asp All vehicle manufacturers in the world (in Dutch with English etc. translation)]
*[http://members.chello.nl/j.baartse/cars/ Car makes of the world, 1894—present]
*[http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/vehicles_health/automaker-rankings-2007.html Automaker Rankings 2007: The Environmental Performance of Car Companies]
*[http://www.tahiko.com Suspension parts]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Automotive Industry}}