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Armando Diaz

 
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Armando Diaz, 1st Duke of the Victory (December 5, 1861–February 29, 1928) was an Italian
Italian people

The Italian people are a Southern European ethnic group located primarily in Italy and, by virtue of a wide-ranging Italian diaspora, throughout Western Europe, the Americas and Australia....
 general and a Marshal of Italy
Marshal of Italy

Marshal of Italy was a rank in the Italian Regio Esercito . Originally created in 1924 by Italian dictator Benito Mussolini for the purpose of honoring Generals Luigi Cadorna and Armando Diaz, the rank was granted to several other general officers from 1926 to 1943....
.

Born in Naples
Naples

Naples is a city in southern Italy, the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples. The city is known for its rich history, art, culture and gastronomy, playing an important role throughout much of its existence; it is over 2,800 years old....
(1861), Diaz began his military career as a student at the Military Academy of Turin
Turín

Tur?n is a municipality in the Ahuachap?n Department Departments of El Salvador of El Salvador....
, where he became an artillery
Artillery

Artillery is a military Combat Arms which employs any apparatus, machine, an assortment of tools or instruments, a system or systems used as weapons for the discharge of large projectiles in combat as a major contribution of fire power within the overall military capability of an armed force....
 officer
Officer (armed forces)

An officer is a member of an Armed forces who holds a position of authority.Commissioned officers derive authority directly from a sovereignty power and, as such, hold a Letters patent charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position....
. He was a colonel commanding the 93rd infantry during the Italo-Turkish War
Italo-Turkish War

The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War was fought between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Italy from September 29, 1911 to October 18, 1912....
, and major general in 1914. On the outbreak of the World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
, he was assigned to the high command as head of the unit's operations under General Luigi Cadorna
Luigi Cadorna

Luigi Cadorna was an Italy Field Marshal, most famous for being the Commander-in-Chief of the Italian army during the first part of World War I....
.






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Armando Diaz, 1st Duke of the Victory (December 5, 1861–February 29, 1928) was an Italian
Italian people

The Italian people are a Southern European ethnic group located primarily in Italy and, by virtue of a wide-ranging Italian diaspora, throughout Western Europe, the Americas and Australia....
 general and a Marshal of Italy
Marshal of Italy

Marshal of Italy was a rank in the Italian Regio Esercito . Originally created in 1924 by Italian dictator Benito Mussolini for the purpose of honoring Generals Luigi Cadorna and Armando Diaz, the rank was granted to several other general officers from 1926 to 1943....
.

Born in Naples
Naples

Naples is a city in southern Italy, the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples. The city is known for its rich history, art, culture and gastronomy, playing an important role throughout much of its existence; it is over 2,800 years old....
(1861), Diaz began his military career as a student at the Military Academy of Turin
Turín

Tur?n is a municipality in the Ahuachap?n Department Departments of El Salvador of El Salvador....
, where he became an artillery
Artillery

Artillery is a military Combat Arms which employs any apparatus, machine, an assortment of tools or instruments, a system or systems used as weapons for the discharge of large projectiles in combat as a major contribution of fire power within the overall military capability of an armed force....
 officer
Officer (armed forces)

An officer is a member of an Armed forces who holds a position of authority.Commissioned officers derive authority directly from a sovereignty power and, as such, hold a Letters patent charging them with the duties and responsibilities of a specific office or position....
. He was a colonel commanding the 93rd infantry during the Italo-Turkish War
Italo-Turkish War

The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War was fought between the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Italy from September 29, 1911 to October 18, 1912....
, and major general in 1914. On the outbreak of the World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
, he was assigned to the high command as head of the unit's operations under General Luigi Cadorna
Luigi Cadorna

Luigi Cadorna was an Italy Field Marshal, most famous for being the Commander-in-Chief of the Italian army during the first part of World War I....
. He was promoted to 2-star general
General

A General officer is an Officer of high military rank. The term or equivalent is used by nearly every country in the world. General can be used as a generic term for all grades of general officer, or it can specifically refer to a single rank that is just called general....
 in June, 1916, and assumed the command of the 49th division and then the 23rd army corps.

The Battle of Caporetto
Battle of Caporetto

The Battle of Caporetto , took place from 24 October to 9 November 1917, near the town of Kobarid , on the Italian Campaign of World War I. The battle was named after the Italian name of the town of Kobarid ....
, in October 1917, was disastrous to the army, and on November 8, 1917, he was called to succeed Cadorna as chief of general staff. Having recovered what remained of the army, he organized the resistance on Mount Grappa
Mount Grappa

Mount Grappa is a tall mountain in the Veneto region of Italy. Part of the Alpine foothills, the mountain is divided between the provinces of province of Vicenza, province of Treviso and province of Belluno....
 and at the Battle of the Piave River
Battle of the Piave River

The Battle of the Piave River, known in Italy as Battaglia del Solstizio , Battaglia di Mezzo Giugno , or Seconda Battaglia del Piave , was a decisive victory for the Kingdom of Italy Army during World War I....
. In 1918 he led the Italian troops in the Battle of Vittorio Veneto
Battle of Vittorio Veneto

The Battle of Vittorio Veneto was fought between 24 October and 3 November 1918, near Vittorio Veneto, during the Italian Campaign of World War I....
, and in his famous Bollettino della Vittoria
Bollettino della Vittoria

The Bollettino della Vittoria is the final address to the Army and the Nation issued by the Chief of Staff, General Armando Diaz, at the conclusion of the Battle of Vittorio Veneto ending World War I in Italy....
 (Victory Address) he communicated the rout of the Austrian army and success of the Italians.

On November 1, 1921 Diaz was in Kansas City
Kansas City, Missouri

Kansas City is the largest city in the U.S. state of Missouri. It encompasses in parts of Jackson County, Missouri, Clay County, Missouri, Cass County, Missouri, and Platte County, Missouri counties....
 to take part in the groundbreaking ceremony for the Liberty Memorial
Liberty Memorial

The Liberty Memorial, located in Kansas City, Missouri, Missouri, United States, houses the The National World War I Museum, as designated by the United States Congress in 2004....
 that was being constructed there. Also present that day were Lieutenant General Baron Jacques of Belgium
Belgium

* A small German-speaking Community of Belgium exists in eastern Wallonia. Belgium's linguistic diversity and related political and cultural conflicts are reflected in the history of Belgium and a complex Communities and regions of Belgium....
, Admiral David Beatty
David Beatty, 1st Earl Beatty

Admiral of the Fleet David Beatty, 1st Earl Beatty Order of the Bath, Order of Merit , Royal Victorian Order, Distinguished Service Order , was an admiral in the Royal Navy....
 of Great Britain
Great Britain

Great Britain is an island lying to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the List of islands by area, and the largest in Europe. With a population of 58.9 million people it is List of islands by population....
, Marshal Ferdinand Foch
Ferdinand Foch

Ferdinand Foch . Order of Merit List of honorary British knights was a France soldier, military theorist, and writer credited with possessing "the most original and subtle mind in the French Army" in the early 20th century....
 of France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 and General John J. Pershing
John J. Pershing

John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing, Order of the Bath was an officer in the United States Army. He is the only person to be promoted in his own lifetime to the highest rank ever held in the United States Army?General of the Armies....
 of the United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
. One of the main speakers was Vice President Calvin Coolidge
Calvin Coolidge

John Calvin Coolidge, Jr. was the List of Presidents of the United States President of the United States . A Republican Party lawyer from Vermont, Coolidge worked his way up the ladder of Massachusetts state politics, eventually becoming governor of that state....
 of the United States. In 1935 bas-reliefs of Jacques, Foch, Diaz and Pershing by sculptor Walker Hancock
Walker Hancock

Walker Kirtland Hancock was an United States Sculpture of the 20th century noted for his monumental sculptures. He is well known, among other things, for his work on the memorial sculptures at Stone Mountain, and was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1989....
 were added to the memorial.

After the war Diaz became a senator. In 1921 he was ennobled by King Victor Emmanuel III
Victor Emmanuel III of Italy

Victor Emmanuel III was a member of the House of Savoy and King of Italy Kingdom of Italy . In addition, he was the claimed Emperor of Ethiopia Ethiopia and King of Albania Albania ....
 and given the victory title
Victory title

A victory title is an honorific title adopted by a successful military commander to commemorate his defeat of an enemy nation. This practice was first used by Ancient Rome and is still most commonly associated with the Romans, but it has also been adopted as a practice by many modern empires, especially Napoleonic, British and Russian....
 Duca della Vittoria ("Duke of Victory"). Benito Mussolini
Benito Mussolini

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini, Order of the Bath Sovereign Military Order of Malta Order of the Tower and Sword was an Italy politician who led the National Fascist Party and is credited with being one of the key figures in the creation of Fascism....
 named him Minister of War, and he was promoted to Field Marshal
Field Marshal

Field marshal is a military officer rank. Today it is the highest rank in the armies in which it is used, one step above a general or colonel-general....
. Upon retirement, in 1924, he was given the honor of Marshal of Italy
Marshal of Italy

Marshal of Italy was a rank in the Italian Regio Esercito . Originally created in 1924 by Italian dictator Benito Mussolini for the purpose of honoring Generals Luigi Cadorna and Armando Diaz, the rank was granted to several other general officers from 1926 to 1943....
 (Maresciallo d'Italia). He died in 1928. Diaz was buried in the church of Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri
Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri

The Basilica of St. Mary of the Angels and the Martyrs is a titular basilica churches of Rome, built inside the frigidarium of the Baths of Diocletian....
, next to admiral Paolo Thaon di Revel
Paolo Thaon di Revel

Paolo Emilio Thaon di Revel, 1st Duke of the Sea was an Italy admiral of the Royal Italian Navy during World War I and later a politician.Thaon di Revel was born in Turin....
.