Aníbal Cavaco Silva - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Aníbal António Cavaco Silva, GCC

Order of Christ (Portugal)

The Military Order of Christ previously the Royal Order of the Knights of Our Lord Jesus Christ was the heritage of the Knights Templar in Portugal, after the suppression of the Templars in 1312...

(ɐˈniβɐɫ kɐˈvaku ˈsiɫvɐ; born 15 July 1939), is the President of Portugal

Portugal

Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...

. He won the Portuguese presidential election

Portuguese presidential election, 2006

The Portuguese presidential election were held on 22 January 2006 to elect a successor to the incumbent President Jorge Sampaio, who was term-limited from running for a third consecutive term by the Constitution of Portugal...

on 22 January 2006 and was re-elected

Portuguese presidential election, 2011

The 2011 Portuguese presidential election was held on January 23, 2011. This election resulted in the re-election of Aníbal Cavaco Silva to a second term as President of Portugal. Turnout in this election was very low, where only 46.52% of the electorate cast their ballots...

on 23 January 2011, for a second five-year term. Cavaco Silva was sworn in on 9 March 2006.

He was previously Prime Minister of Portugal

Portugal

from 6 November 1985 to 28 October 1995. His tenure of ten years was the longest of any Prime Minister since Salazar

António de Oliveira Salazar

António de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE served as the Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968. He also served as acting President of the Republic briefly in 1951. He founded and led the Estado Novo , the authoritarian, right-wing government that presided over and controlled Portugal...

, and he was the first Portuguese Prime Minister to have won an absolute parliamentary majority under the current constitutional system (which was established after the country's redemocratization following the Carnation Revolution

Carnation Revolution

The Carnation Revolution , also referred to as the 25 de Abril , was a military coup started on 25 April 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, coupled with an unanticipated and extensive campaign of civil resistance...

Early life and career

He was born in Boliqueime

Boliqueime

Boliqueime is a Portuguese parish, located in the municipality of Loulé. It is located at 37°7'60N 8°9'0W and has an altitude of 43 m , the population of the parish is 4,473 inhabitants with a total area of 41.46 km²....

, Loulé

Loulé

Loulé is a city and a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 764.2 km² and a total population of 62,295 inhabitants. The city proper has a population of 12,103.The municipality is composed of 11 parishes, and is located in the District of Faro....

, Algarve, the son of Teodoro Gonçalves Silva (Loulé

Loulé

, Boliqueime

Boliqueime

, Maritenda, 30 August 1912 - 30 September 2007) and wife (m. Loulé, Boliqueime, 4 March 1935) Maria do Nascimento Cavaco (b. Loulé

Loulé

, Boliqueime

Boliqueime

, Maritenda, 27 December 1912), Aníbal António Cavaco Silva was an undistinguished student at school. As a 13-year-old, he flunked at the 3rd grade of the Commercial School, and his grandfather put him working on the farm as a punishment. After returning to school, Cavaco went on to become an accomplished student. Cavaco Silva then went to Lisbon

Lisbon

Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...

enrolling at the Instituto Superior de Ciências Económicas e Financeiras de Lisboa (ISCEF) of the Technical University of Lisbon

Technical University of Lisbon

The Technical University of Lisbon is a Portuguese public university. It was created in 1930 in Lisbon, as a confederation of older schools, and comprises, nowadays, the faculties and institutes of veterinary medicine; agricultural sciences; economics and business administration; engineering,...

(UTL) (currently the Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão (ISEG) of the Technical University of Lisbon), and obtained in 1963, with distinction, a degree in economics

Economics

Economics is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term economics comes from the Ancient Greek from + , hence "rules of the house"...

and finance

Finance

"Finance" is often defined simply as the management of money or “funds” management Modern finance, however, is a family of business activity that includes the origination, marketing, and management of cash and money surrogates through a variety of capital accounts, instruments, and markets created...

(he scored a mark of 16 out of 20). While studying in Lisbon, Cavaco Silva was an athlete of CDUL

Centro Desportivo Universitário de Lisboa

Centro Desportivo Universitário de Lisboa or CDUL is a Portuguese multisports club for Lisbon's university students, including those from the University of Lisbon and others. CDUL has one of the most decorated Portuguese rugby union teams and it had four players at the 2007 Rugby World Cup finals...

athletics department from 1958 to 1963. In 1964 he married Maria Alves da Silva, a lecturer in Germanic

Germanic philology

Germanic philology is the philological study of the Germanic languages particularly from a comparative or historical perspective.The beginnings of research into the Germanic languages began in the 16th century, with the discovery of literary texts in the earlier phases of the languages. Early...

philology

Philology

Philology is the study of language in written historical sources; it is a combination of literary studies, history and linguistics.Classical philology is the philology of Greek and Classical Latin...

at the University of Lisbon, with whom he has two children (Bruno and Patrícia Maria), and took compulsory military service in the then Portuguese Overseas Province of Mozambique, as an official of military administration in Lourenço Marques

Maputo

Maputo, also known as Lourenço Marques, is the capital and largest city of Mozambique. It is known as the City of Acacias in reference to acacia trees commonly found along its avenues and the Pearl of the Indian Ocean. It was famous for the inscription "This is Portugal" on the walkway of its...

(now the city of Maputo). His teaching career began in 1966 as assistant to ISCEF, but two years later Cavaco Silva went to the University of York

University of York

The University of York , is an academic institution located in the city of York, England. Established in 1963, the campus university has expanded to more than thirty departments and centres, covering a wide range of subjects...

, in the United Kingdom

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

, where, in 1973, he was awarded a doctorate

Doctorate

A doctorate is an academic degree or professional degree that in most countries refers to a class of degrees which qualify the holder to teach in a specific field, A doctorate is an academic degree or professional degree that in most countries refers to a class of degrees which qualify the holder...

in economics

Economics

. His thesis at York was a defense of (then popular) Keynesian economics

Keynesian economics

Keynesian economics is a school of macroeconomic thought based on the ideas of 20th-century English economist John Maynard Keynes.Keynesian economics argues that private sector decisions sometimes lead to inefficient macroeconomic outcomes and, therefore, advocates active policy responses by the...

(Neo-Keynesianism would influence his thought as Prime Minister later and he still self-identifies as a Neo-Keynesian). Returning to Portugal, he took up a post as assistant professor in ISCEF (1974), professor at the Catholic University of Portugal (1975), extraordinary professor at the New University of Lisbon

New University of Lisbon

Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, , also known as NOVA ) was established in 1973 and is the youngest of the three public universities of Lisbon, in Portugal....

(1979) and finally director of the Office of Studies of the Bank of Portugal.

He only became active in politics after the Carnation Revolution

Carnation Revolution

of 25 April 1974, later that year joining the then PPD, a political party headed by Francisco Sá Carneiro

Francisco Sá Carneiro

Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro, GCTE, GCC, GCL founded the Portuguese Social Democratic Party in 1974 and was elected Prime Minister of Portugal in January 1980, but only held office for eleven months, dying in a plane crash with his partner, Snu Abecassis, on December 4, 1980...

. Cavaco Silva, was appointed Minister of Finance by Prime Minister Francisco Sá Carneiro in 1980. He gained a reputation as an economic liberal, gradually dismantling regulations inhibiting free enterprise. He refused to serve in the Center Bloc coalition of Socialists

Socialist Party (Portugal)

The Socialist Party , abbreviated to PS, is a social-democratic political party in Portugal. It was founded on 19 April 1973 in the German city of Bad Münstereifel, by militants from Portuguese Socialist Action ....

and Social Democrats

Social Democratic Party (Portugal)

The Social Democratic Party , is a centre-right liberal conservative political party in Portugal. It is commonly known by its initials, PSD; on ballot papers, its initials appear as PPD/PSD, with the first three letters coming from the party's original name, Democratic People's Party...

(PSD) that governed from 1983 to 1985, and his election to the leadership of the PSD on 2 June 1985, portended the end of the coalition.

Professor Cavaco Silva has published several academic works in economics, including in subfields like monetary policy

Monetary policy

Monetary policy is the process by which the monetary authority of a country controls the supply of money, often targeting a rate of interest for the purpose of promoting economic growth and stability. The official goals usually include relatively stable prices and low unemployment...

and monetary unions.

Decade in power: 1985–1995

The election that followed

Portuguese legislative election, 1985

The Portuguese legislative election of 1985 took place on October 6. In June of the same year, the former Prime-Minister, Mário Soares, had resigned from the job due to the lack of parliamentary support, the government was composed by a coalition of the two major parties, the center-right Social...

was complicated by the arrival of a new political party, the Democratic Renovator Party (PRD) formed by the supporters of the President, António Ramalho Eanes

António Ramalho Eanes

António dos Santos Ramalho Eanes, GColTE, GCL, CavA, KE is a Portuguese general and politician who was the 16th President of Portugal from 1976 to 1986.-Background:...

. In the 250-member Assembly of the Republic

Assembly of the Republic

The Assembly of the Republic is the Portuguese parliament. It is located in a historical building in Lisbon, referred to as Palácio de São Bento, the site of an old Benedictine monastery...

, the nation's legislature, the PRD won 45 seats - at the expense of every party except Cavaco Silva's PSD. Despite winning less than 30 percent of the vote and 88 seats, the PSD was the only traditional political party not to suffer substantial losses; its 88 seats, in fact, represented a gain of 13 over the previous election. Cavaco Silva became Prime Minister on 6 November 1985.

Tax cuts and economic deregulation and the arrival of EU funds spurred several years of uninterrupted economic growth, which increased Cavaco Silva's popularity. He was hampered, however, by heading a minority government. On most issues, his Social Democrats could rely on the 22 votes of the Social and Democratic Center Party (CDS), but the two parties' combined 110 votes fell 16 short of a parliamentary majority. The Socialists

Socialist Party (Portugal)

and Communists

Portuguese Communist Party

The Portuguese Communist Party is a major left-wing political party in Portugal. It is a Marxist-Leninist party, and its organization is based upon democratic centralism. The party also considers itself to be patriotic and internationalist....

held 57 and 38 seats respectively; Cavaco Silva could govern if the 45 members of the PRD, who held the balance of power, abstained, as they frequently did. In 1987, however, the PRD withdrew its tacit support, and a parliamentary vote of no confidence forced President Mário Soares

Mário Soares

Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares, GColTE, GCC, GColL, KE , Portuguese politician, served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1976 to 1978 and from 1983 to 1985, and subsequently as the 17th President of Portugal from 1986 to 1996.-Family:...

to call an early election

Portuguese legislative election, 1987

The Portuguese legislative election of 1987 took place on July 19. In the last election, in 1985, the Social Democratic Party had achieved a relative majority, thing that made its government very weak, managing to survive in coalition with the Democratic Social Center and the Democratic Renovator...

.

The results of the election stunned even the most optimistic of Cavaco Silva's supporters. His Social Democrat party captured 50.2 percent of the popular vote and 148 of the 250 seats in the Assembly of the Republic. Far behind were the Socialists, with only 60 seats, and the Communists, with 31. The CDS and the PRD were virtually wiped out, left with only 4 and 7 seats, respectively. This was the first time since the 1974 revolution that a single party had won an outright majority in the national parliament.

The 1991 election

Portuguese legislative election, 1991

The Portuguese legislative election of 1991 took place on October 6. The Social Democratic Party, under the lead of Cavaco Silva, won a historic third term and won with an absolute majority for the second consecutive turn, achieving a higher share than in the previous election, losing, however, 13...

was another triumph for Cavaco Silva; it yielded a majority even larger (50.6 percent) than the one of four years earlier. However, the 1993 European economic crisis, sparking a high unemployment rate, and the country's mistrust of long-spanning governments

Cavaco Silva's Cabinets (1985-95)

-X - XI - XII Constitutional Governments:The first Cabinet was sworn in on 6 November 1985, with parliamentary minority; the second on 17 August 1987, and the last on 31 October 1991, both with absolute majority. The former would last until 28 October 1995....

, eroded his popularity. He decided not to contest the 1995 election

Portuguese legislative election, 1995

The Portuguese legislative election of 1995 took place on October 1. The Socialist Party defeated the Social Democratic Party under the lead of António Guterres, elected some months before, but missed the absolute majority by 4 MPs. The Social Democratic party under the lead of Fernando Nogueira...

, and the PSD, lacking a leader of his stature, lost 48 seats and the election.

Out of office: 1995–2006

Cavaco Silva contested the 1996 presidential election

Portuguese presidential election, 1996

The Portuguese presidential election of 1996 was held on January 14.Incumbent president Mário Soares was constitutionally barred from a third term....

, but was defeated by the Mayor of Lisbon

Lisbon

, Jorge Sampaio, the Socialist candidate. Retiring from politics, he served for several years as an advisor to the board of the Banco de Portugal

Banco de Portugal

The Banco de Portugal is the central bank of the Republic of Portugal. Established by a royal charter of 19 November 1846 to act as a commercial bank and issuing bank, it came about as the result of a merger of the Banco de Lisboa and the Companhia de Confiança Nacional, an investment company...

(Bank of Portugal), but retired from this position in 2004. He then became a full professor at the School of Economics and Management of the Catholic University of Portugal, where he taught the undergraduate and MBA programs.

He declined to support Pedro Santana Lopes

Pedro Santana Lopes

Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes , a Portuguese lawyer and politician, was Prime Minister of Portugal from 2004 to 2005. He is a former and current Member of the Portuguese Parliament.-Background:...

, whom he branded as a mediocre politician, in the 2005 parliamentary election

Portuguese legislative election, 2005

The Portuguese legislative election of 2005 took place on February 20. These elections were called after the decision of President Jorge Sampaio on November 30, 2004 to dissolve the Parliament as an answer to the political instability caused by the government led by Pedro Santana Lopes in...

, despite pressure from within his party.

He is a member of the Club of Madrid

Club of Madrid

The Club de Madrid is an independent non-profit organization created to promote democracy and change in the international community. Composed of 80 former Presidents and Prime Ministers from 56 countries, the Club de Madrid is the world’s largest forum of former Heads of State and Government.Among...

and an honorary member of The International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation.

Presidential candidacy and term

On 20 October 2005, Cavaco Silva announced his candidacy in the election, 2006.He was elected president on 22 January 2006 with 50.6% of votes cast, avoiding a run-off. He is the first elected centre-right

Centre-right

The centre-right or center-right is a political term commonly used to describe or denote individuals, political parties, or organizations whose views stretch from the centre to the right on the left-right spectrum, excluding far right stances. Centre-right can also describe a coalition of centrist...

president in Portugal since 1974. He is also the second former Prime Minister to be elected president, following in the footsteps of Mário Soares

Mário Soares

.

He was sworn-in on 9 March 2006. He is also the Head of the Portuguese Council of State.

Cavaco Silva's term was initially marked by a mutual understanding with the government led by Socialist José Sócrates

José Sócrates

José Sócrates Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, GCIH , commonly known by José Sócrates , is a Portuguese politician who was the Prime Minister of Portugal from 12 March 2005 to 21 June 2011....

, which he referred to as "strategic co-operation". He also avidly encouraged the suppression of partisan differences between the political parties in parliament, as a means of working towards the greater national good, despite the absolute majority held by the Socialist Party. This has led to several controversies, with some branding Cavaco Silva, a practising Roman Catholic and a self-described believer in Fátima

Fatima

-People:* Fatima , a female given name of Arabic origin* Fatima bint Muhammad, daughter of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad* Fatima Jinnah, the younger sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah...

apparitions, as a traitor to the center-right and to some of his own personal beliefs. Nevertheless, this seems to have been a misconception with respect to his presidency. He has, in effect, resorted to his veto power more than Mário Soares, who as a President was largely seen as too conflicting with the Government, in the latter's first term.

The most controversial moment of his presidency was when the Assembly of the Republic passed a bill for the holding of a pre-legislative referendum on the legalization of abortion in Portugal without any restrictions in the 10 first weeks of pregnancy. After the parliamentary approval of the bill summoning the referendum, Cavaco Silva referred the matter to the Portuguese Constitutional Court, which declared both the proposed legalization and the referendum constitutional by a narrow 7-6 margin. Cavaco Silva, who could still have vetoed the referendum bill, decided to sign it into law despite pressure from some pro-life sectors, and thus allowed the referendum. The majority of the Portuguese electorate abstained from the referendum, but the vote for legalization prevailed among those who chose to cast their ballot.

Family

He married at the Church of the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora

Monastery of São Vicente de Fora

The Church or Monastery of São Vicente de Fora; meaning "Monastery of St. Vincent Outside the Walls" is a 17th century church and monastery in the city of Lisbon, in Portugal...

, São Vicente de Fora, Lisbon, on 20 October 1964 Maria Alves da Silva (b. Silves, São Bartolomeu de Messines

São Bartolomeu de Messines

São Bartolomeu de Messines is a Portuguese Parish in the Municipality of Silves. It has an area of 246.41 km² and a population of 8,491 with a population density of 34.5 hab/km²....

, 31 October 1938), daughter of Francisco dos Santos Silva and wife Adelina de Jesus Pincho, with whom he has had two children:

Bruno Alves Cavaco Silva, married to Perpétua da Conceição Gomes Anacleto, and has one son:
- João Vicente Anacleto Cavaco Silva (b. Lisbon, 13 January 2009)
Patrícia Maria Alves Cavaco Silva, married to Luís Manuel de Sá Montez, and has four children:
- Mariana Cavaco Silva de Sá Montez (b. 1996)
- Afonso Cavaco Silva de Sá Montez (b. 1998)
- António Luís Cavaco Silva de Sá Montez (b. 2001)
- João Maria Cavaco Silva de Sá Montez (b. 2004)

State visits

Spain (25 September to 28 September 2006)

President Cavaco Silva was invited to visit Spain

Spain

Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

by King Juan Carlos in March, through Prince Felipe

Felipe, Prince of Asturias

Felipe, Prince of Asturias de Borbón y de Grecia; born 30 January 1968), is the third child and only son of King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofía of Spain....

. His visit was overshadowed by the announcement of Princess Letizia

Letizia, Princess of Asturias

Letizia, Princess of Asturias , is the wife of Felipe, Prince of Asturias, the heir apparent to the Spanish throne...

's pregnancy.

India (11 January to 17 January 2007)

During this visit, President Cavaco Silva received an honorary degree by the Goa University

Goa University

Goa University was established in 1985 and merged with the Centre for Post Graduate Instruction and Research of the University of Bombay that functioned at state-capital Panaji or Panjim. Goa University offers both graduate and post-graduate studies and research programmes...

on 14 January.

United States (19 June, 23 June 2007)

During this visit, President Cavaco Silva plans to open an exhibition concerning Portugal's role in the discovery and convergence of diverse cultures, and to contact some Portuguese communities on the North American Eastern Seaboard

East Coast of the United States

The East Coast of the United States, also known as the Eastern Seaboard, refers to the easternmost coastal states in the United States, which touch the Atlantic Ocean and stretch up to Canada. The term includes the U.S...

, including the city of Fall River, Massachusetts

Fall River, Massachusetts

Fall River is a city in Bristol County, Massachusetts, in the United States. It is located about south of Boston, southeast of Providence, Rhode Island, and west of New Bedford and south of Taunton. The city's population was 88,857 during the 2010 census, making it the tenth largest city in...

whose Portuguese-descended population (43.9 percent at the 2000 census

Census

A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

) is the highest of any municipality in the United States. Fall River features a replica of "The Gates of the City of Ponta Delgada" or "Portas da Cidade" in Portuguese

Portuguese language

Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...

Personal quotes

Àqueles que querem atrasar o desenvolvimento do país, àqueles que nada fizeram no passado, quando tiveram a oportunidade de fazer pelo desenvolvimento do país, digo apenas: deixem-nos trabalhar, deixem-nos trabalhar! (To those who want to delay the development of the country, to those who nothing did in the past, when they had the opportunity of doing for the development of the country, I say only: let us work, let us work!) (in a public speech)
Quando eu faço uma decisão, eu nunca me engano, e raramente tenho dúvidas. (When I make a decision, I never am wrong, and I seldom have doubts.) (in an interview to Expresso
Expresso (Portuguese newspaper)
right||thumb|Expresso Expresso is the flagship publication of the Group IMPRESA, and was founded by Francisco Pinto Balsemão in 1973...

)
It's wait for them to die. (concerning the excess of civil servants)
Duas pessoas em boa fé com a mesma informação técnica obrigatoriamente devem concordar. (Two people in good faith with the same technical information obligatorily must agree.)

1996 Portuguese presidential election

Summary of the 14 January 1996 Portuguese

Portugal

presidential

President of Portugal

Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....

election results

Elections in Portugal

Elections in Portugal gives information on election and election results in Portugal.Only the elections since the Carnation Revolution of 1974 are listed here. During the period encompassing the Constitutional Monarchy and the First Republic there were also elections, but only for a limited...

Socialist Party (Portugal)

Social Democratic Party (Portugal)

Jerónimo de Sousa

Jerónimo Carvalho de Sousa is the General Secretary of the Portuguese Communist Party since the 17th Congress of the Party in November 2004....

|align=left|Portuguese Communist Party

Portuguese Communist Party

People's Democratic Union (Portugal)

The People's Democratic Union is a marxist political movement in Portugal. The UDP transformed itself into a political association at its 15th congress due to its merger with other left-wing parties in the Left Bloc....

| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|left the race
|- style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left; "|Total valid
| style="text-align:right; width:65px; "|5,630,187
| style="text-align:right; width:40px; "|100.00
|- style="text-align:right;"
| colspan="3"|Blank ballots
| style="width:65px; "|69,328
| style="width:40px; "|1.20
|- style="text-align:right;"
| colspan="3"|Invalid ballots
| style="width:65px; "|63,463
| style="width:40px; "|1.10
|- style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left; "|Total (turnout 66.29%)
| style="text-align:right; width:65px; "|5,762,978
| style="text-align:right; width:40px; "|
|-
| colspan="5" style="text-align:left;"|Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições
|}

2006 Portuguese presidential election

Summary of the 22 January 2006 Portuguese

Portugal

presidential

President of Portugal

Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....

election results

Elections in Portugal

Social Democratic Party (Portugal)

Manuel Alegre

Manuel Alegre de Melo Duarte, GCL , is a Portuguese poet and politician, member of the Socialist Party, and a candidate to the Portuguese presidential election, 2006...

|align=left|Independent

Independent (politician)

In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do...

Mário Soares

|align=left|Socialist Party

Socialist Party (Portugal)

Jerónimo de Sousa

Jerónimo Carvalho de Sousa is the General Secretary of the Portuguese Communist Party since the 17th Congress of the Party in November 2004....

|align=left|Portuguese Communist Party

Portuguese Communist Party

Francisco Louçã

Francisco Anacleto Louçã is a Portuguese economist and politician, first elected in 1999.. He is the son of António Seixas Louçã, who commanded a ship on the Tagus River during the Carnation Revolution, and wife Noémia da Rocha Neves Anacleto , a lawyer.Louçã was an active opponent of the...

|align=left|Left Bloc
| style="text-align:right;"|292,198
| style="text-align:right;"|5.32
|-
| style="background:#c00; width:8px; text-align:center;"|
|align=left|António Garcia Pereira
|align=left|PCTP/MRPP
| style="text-align:right;"|23,983
| style="text-align:right;"|0.44
|- style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left; "|Total valid
| style="text-align:right; width:65px; "|5,487,347
| style="text-align:right; width:40px; "|100.00
|- style="text-align:right;"
| colspan="3"|Blank ballots
| style="width:65px; "|59,636
| style="width:40px; "|1.07
|- style="text-align:right;"
| colspan="3"|Invalid ballots
| style="width:65px; "|43,149
| style="width:40px; "|0.77
|- style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left; "|Total (turnout 61.53%)
| style="text-align:right; width:65px; "|5,590,132
| style="text-align:right; width:40px; "|
|-
| colspan="5" style="text-align:left;"|Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições
|}

2011 Portuguese presidential election

Summary of the 23 January 2011 Portuguese

Portugal

presidential

President of Portugal

Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....

election results

Elections in Portugal

Social Democratic Party (Portugal)

, People's Party, Hope for Portugal Movement

Hope for Portugal Movement

Hope for Portugal Movement is a minor centre political party in Portugal. It has no representatives in the Assembly of the Republic, the Portuguese legislature...

Manuel Alegre

Manuel Alegre de Melo Duarte, GCL , is a Portuguese poet and politician, member of the Socialist Party, and a candidate to the Portuguese presidential election, 2006...

|align=left|Socialist Party

Socialist Party (Portugal)

, Left Bloc, Democratic Party of the Atlantic

Democratic Party of the Atlantic

The Democratic Party of the Atlantic is one of the political parties in Portugal, without parliamentary representation. It is a small party whose electorate concentrates itself in São Miguel island, in the Azores. PDA promotes, officially, not independence, but home rule for the Azores, following...

Fernando Nobre

Fernando José de La Vieter Ribeiro Nobre is a Portuguese doctor who is the founder and president of the Portuguese NGO AMI . In 2007 he was voted as the 25th greatest Portuguese ever in the contest Os Grandes Portugueses, being the 5th most voted among Portuguese living people at that date...

|align=left|Independent

Independent (politician)

Francisco Lopes

Francisco José de Almeida Lopes is a Portuguese politician who, supported by the Communist Party, ran for president in the Portuguese presidential election of 2011....

|align=left|Portuguese Communist Party

Portuguese Communist Party

José Manuel Coelho

Jose Manuel Vieira Coelho da Mata is a Portuguese politician. He was a member of the Portuguese Communist Party until 1999, and still calls himself a communist "who evolved". He was substitute deputy of the Legislative Assembly of Madeira for the New Democracy Party, taking office in 2008...

Independent (politician)

| style="text-align:right;"|67,110
| style="text-align:right;"|1.59
|- style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left; "|Total valid
| style="text-align:right; width:65px; "|4,214,860
| style="text-align:right; width:40px; "|100.00
|- style="text-align:right;"
| colspan="3"|Blank ballots
| style="width:65px; "|192,127
| style="width:40px; "|4.28
|- style="text-align:right;"
| colspan="3"|Invalid ballots
| style="width:65px; "|85,466
| style="width:40px; "|1.90
|- style="background:#e9e9e9;"
| colspan="3" style="text-align:left; "|Total (turnout 46.52%)
| style="text-align:right; width:65px; "|4,492,453
| style="text-align:right; width:40px; "|
|-
| colspan="5" style="text-align:left;"|Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições
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