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Antonín Dvorák

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Antonín Dvorák



 
 
Antonín Leopold Dvorák ( or in English; September 8, 1841 – May 1, 1904) was a Czech composer of Romantic music
Romantic music

In music, romanticism is a term, often considered misleading, and concept derived from literature traditionally defined by attributes including, "interest in nature, medieval chivalry, mysticism, [and] remoteness [ Social alienation and Solitude]"....
, who employed the idioms and melodies of the folk music of Moravia
Moravia

Moravia is a Historical regions of Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, one of the former Czech lands. It takes its name from the Morava River, Central Europe which rises in the northwest of the region....
 and his native Bohemia
Bohemia

History...
. His works include opera
Opera

Opera is an Performing arts in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work which combines a text and a musical score. Opera is part of the Western classical music tradition....
s, symphonic, choral
Choir

A choir, chorale, or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral Music, in turn, is the music written specifically for a choir to perform....
 and chamber music
Chamber music

Chamber music is a form of classical music, written for a small group of instruments which traditionally could be accommodated in a palace chamber....
. His best-known works include his New World Symphony
Symphony No. 9 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 9 in E Minor "From the New World" , popularly known as the New World Symphony, was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1893 during his visit to the United States from 1892 to 1895....
 (particularly the second and fourth movements), as well as his Slavonic Dances
Slavonic Dances

The Slavonic Dances are a series of 16 orchestral pieces composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1878 and 1886 and published in two sets as Opus 46 and Opus 72 respectively....
, "American" String Quartet
String Quartet No. 12 (Dvorák)

The String Quartet No. 12 in F, Op. 96, B. 179, nicknamed the American, is one of the most popular pieces of chamber music by the Czech composer Anton?n Dvor?k....
, and Cello Concerto in B minor
Cello Concerto (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k's Cello Concerto in B minor, Op. 104, B. 191 is a well-known cello concerto that is performed and recorded more frequently than any other cello concerto....
.

ák was born on September 8, 1841 in Nelahozeves
Nelahozeves

Nelahozeves is a village on left bank of the Vltava river, 25 km north of Prague, Czech Republic. Population is 1,375 .The oldest surviving written document of Nelahozeves' existence dates back to 1352....
, near Prague
Prague

Prague is the Capital and World's largest cities of the Czech Republic. Its official name is Hlavn? mesto Praha, meaning Prague, the Capital City....
 (then Austrian Empire
Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire was a periodization successor state empire founded on a remnant of the Holy Roman Empire centered on what is today's Austria that officially lasted from 1804 to 1867....
, today the Czech Republic
Czech Republic

The Czech Republic , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country borders Poland to the northeast, Germany to the west, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east....
), where he spent most of his life.






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Antonín Leopold Dvorák ( or in English; September 8, 1841 – May 1, 1904) was a Czech composer of Romantic music
Romantic music

In music, romanticism is a term, often considered misleading, and concept derived from literature traditionally defined by attributes including, "interest in nature, medieval chivalry, mysticism, [and] remoteness [ Social alienation and Solitude]"....
, who employed the idioms and melodies of the folk music of Moravia
Moravia

Moravia is a Historical regions of Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, one of the former Czech lands. It takes its name from the Morava River, Central Europe which rises in the northwest of the region....
 and his native Bohemia
Bohemia

History...
. His works include opera
Opera

Opera is an Performing arts in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work which combines a text and a musical score. Opera is part of the Western classical music tradition....
s, symphonic, choral
Choir

A choir, chorale, or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral Music, in turn, is the music written specifically for a choir to perform....
 and chamber music
Chamber music

Chamber music is a form of classical music, written for a small group of instruments which traditionally could be accommodated in a palace chamber....
. His best-known works include his New World Symphony
Symphony No. 9 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 9 in E Minor "From the New World" , popularly known as the New World Symphony, was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1893 during his visit to the United States from 1892 to 1895....
 (particularly the second and fourth movements), as well as his Slavonic Dances
Slavonic Dances

The Slavonic Dances are a series of 16 orchestral pieces composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1878 and 1886 and published in two sets as Opus 46 and Opus 72 respectively....
, "American" String Quartet
String Quartet No. 12 (Dvorák)

The String Quartet No. 12 in F, Op. 96, B. 179, nicknamed the American, is one of the most popular pieces of chamber music by the Czech composer Anton?n Dvor?k....
, and Cello Concerto in B minor
Cello Concerto (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k's Cello Concerto in B minor, Op. 104, B. 191 is a well-known cello concerto that is performed and recorded more frequently than any other cello concerto....
.

Biography


Early career

Dvorák was born on September 8, 1841 in Nelahozeves
Nelahozeves

Nelahozeves is a village on left bank of the Vltava river, 25 km north of Prague, Czech Republic. Population is 1,375 .The oldest surviving written document of Nelahozeves' existence dates back to 1352....
, near Prague
Prague

Prague is the Capital and World's largest cities of the Czech Republic. Its official name is Hlavn? mesto Praha, meaning Prague, the Capital City....
 (then Austrian Empire
Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire was a periodization successor state empire founded on a remnant of the Holy Roman Empire centered on what is today's Austria that officially lasted from 1804 to 1867....
, today the Czech Republic
Czech Republic

The Czech Republic , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country borders Poland to the northeast, Germany to the west, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east....
), where he spent most of his life. His father František Dvorák (1814-1894) was a butcher, innkeeper, and professional player of the zither
Zither

The zither is a musical string instrument, most commonly found in Slovenia, Austria, Hungary, the southern regions of Germany, alpine Europe and East Asian cultures....
. Dvorák's parents recognized his musical talent early, and he received his earliest musical education at the village school which he entered in 1847, age 6. From 1857 to 1859 he studied music
Music

Music is an art form whose media is sound organized in time. Common elements of music are pitch , rhythm , dynamics , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ....
 in Prague's only Organ School, and gradually developed into an accomplished player of the violin and the viola. Throughout the 1860s he played viola
Viola

The viola is a bowed string instrument. It is the middle voice of the violin family, between the violin and the cello.The casual observer may mistake the viola for the violin because of their similarity in size, closeness in pitch range , and nearly identical playing position....
 in the Bohemian Provisional Theater Orchestra, which from 1866 was conducted
Conducting

Conducting is the act of directing a musical performance by way of visible gestures. Orchestras, choirs, concert bands and other musical ensembles often have conductors....
 by Bedrich Smetana
Bedrich Smetana

Bedrich Smetana was a Czechs composer, one of the most significant that his country has ever produced. He is best known for his symphonic poem The_Moldau#Vltava , the second in a cycle of six which he entitled M? vlast , and for his opera The Bartered Bride....
. The need to supplement his income by teaching left Dvorák with limited free time, and in 1871 he gave up playing in the orchestra in order to compose. During this time, Dvorák fell in love with one of his pupils, Josefína Cermáková, and wrote a song cycle, Cypress Trees, for her. She married another man, however, and in 1873 Dvorák married her sister, Anna. They had nine children together.

At about this time Dvorák began to be recognized as a significant composer. He became organist at St. Adalbert's Church, Prague
Prague

Prague is the Capital and World's largest cities of the Czech Republic. Its official name is Hlavn? mesto Praha, meaning Prague, the Capital City....
, and began a period of prolific composition. Dvorák composed his second string quintet
String Quintet No. 2 (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k String Quintet No. 2 in G major, Opus number 77, was originally composed in early March, 1875 and first performed on March 18, 1876 in Prague at the concert of the Umeleck? beseda....
 in 1875, and in 1877, the critic Eduard Hanslick
Eduard Hanslick

Eduard Hanslick was a Bohemian-Austrian writer on music....
 informed him that his music had attracted the attention of Johannes Brahms
Johannes Brahms

Johannes Brahms , composer and pianist, was one of the leading musicians of the Romantic music. Born in Hamburg, Brahms spent much of his professional life in Vienna, Austria, where he was a leader of the musical scene....
, whom he later befriended. Brahms contacted the musical publisher Simrock
Simrock

The Simrock family included:* Nicolaus Simrock , who started in 1793 a music publishing firm in Bonn - Musikverlag N. Simrock* Johann Peter Simrock , who expanded the Simrock firm to Paris...
, who as a result commissioned Dvorák's first set of Slavonic Dances
Slavonic Dances

The Slavonic Dances are a series of 16 orchestral pieces composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1878 and 1886 and published in two sets as Opus 46 and Opus 72 respectively....
. Published in 1878, these were an immediate success. Dvorák's Stabat Mater
Stabat Mater (Dvorák)

File:Remembrance of the performance of Stabat Mater in Worcester on 12 September, 1884..jpgThe sketches of the religious cantata Stabat Mater for soli, choir and orchestra wrote the Czechs composer Anton?n Dvor?k between 19 February and 7 May 1876....
 (1880) was performed abroad, and after a successful performance in London in 1883, Dvorák was invited to visit England where he appeared to great acclaim in 1884. His Symphony No. 7
Symphony No. 7 (Dvorák)

Symphony No. 7 in D minor , opus number 70, by Anton?n Dvor?k was first performed in London on April 22, 1885 shortly after the piece was completed on March 17, 1885....
 was written for London; it premiered there in 1885. Dvorák visited England nine times in total, he often conducted his own works there. In 1890, influenced by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky – ) was a Russian composer of the Romantic music era. He wrote some of the most popular concert and theatrical music in the current classical repertoire, including the ballets Swan Lake and Nutcracker, the 1812 Overture, his Piano Concerto No....
, he also visited Russia, and conducted the orchestras in Moscow and in St. Petersburg. In 1891 Dvorák received an honorary degree from the University of Cambridge
University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge , located in Cambridge, England, is the List of oldest universities in continuous operation university in the Anglosphere....
, and his Requiem
Requiem (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k's Requiem in B-flat minor, Op. 89, is a requiem for soloists, choir and orchestra....
 premiered later that year in Birmingham
Birmingham

Birmingham is a city status in the United Kingdom and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands of England. Birmingham is the most populous of England's English Core Cities Group, and is the List of United Kingdom cities by population British city after London, with a population of 1,010,200 ....
 at the Triennial Music Festival
Birmingham Triennial Music Festival

The Birmingham Triennial Musical Festival, in Birmingham, England, founded in 1784, was the longest-running European classical music festival of its kind....
.

United States (1892–1895)

From 1892 to 1895, Dvorák was the director of the National Conservatory of Music
National Conservatory of Music of America

The National Conservatory of Music of America was an institution for higher education in music founded in 1885 in New York City by Jeannette Thurber....
 in New York City, at a $15,000 annual salary. The Conservatory had been founded by a wealthy and philanthropic socialite, Jeannette Thurber
Jeannette Thurber

Jeanette Thurber was amongst the first major patrons of European classical music in the United States. She was the daughter of Henry Meyers, an immigrant violinist from Copenhagen, Denmark and Annamarie Coffin Price....
; it was located at 126-128 East 17th Street
17th Street (Manhattan)

17th Street is an east-west running street between First Avenue and Eleventh Avenue in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. Traffic runs one way along the street, from east to west....
, but was demolished in 1911 and replaced by what is now a high school. Here Dvorák met with Harry Burleigh
Harry Burleigh

Henry "Harry" Thacker Burleigh , a baritone, was an African American european classical music composer, arranger, and professional singer. He was the first black composer to be instrumental in the development of a characteristically American music and he helped to make black music available to classically-trained artists both by introducing...
, one of the earliest African-American composers, his pupil. Burleigh introduced traditional American Spirituals
Spiritual (music)

Spirituals are songs which were created by African people History of slavery in the United States....
 to Dvorák at the latter's request.

In the winter and spring of 1893, while in New York, Dvorák wrote Symphony No.9, "From the New World"
Symphony No. 9 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 9 in E Minor "From the New World" , popularly known as the New World Symphony, was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1893 during his visit to the United States from 1892 to 1895....
. He spent the summer of 1893 with his family in the Czech
Czech language

Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers; it is the majority language in the Czech Republic and spoken by Czech people worldwide....
-speaking community of Spillville, Iowa
Spillville, Iowa

Spillville is a city in Winneshiek County, Iowa, Iowa, United States. The population was 386 at the 2000 census. It is located in Calmar Township about 7 km west of Calmar....
, to which some of his cousins had earlier immigrated. While there he composed the String Quartet in F
String Quartet No. 12 (Dvorák)

The String Quartet No. 12 in F, Op. 96, B. 179, nicknamed the American, is one of the most popular pieces of chamber music by the Czech composer Anton?n Dvor?k....
 (the "American"), and the String Quintet in E flat
String Quintet No. 3 (Dvorák)

The String Quintet in E-flat major, opus number 97, Jarmil Burghauser 180, was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k during the summer he spent in Spillville, Iowa in 1893 in music....
, as well as a Sonatina for violin and piano
Violin Sonatina (Dvorák)

The Sonatina in G major for violin and piano, opus number 100, Jarmil Burghauser 183, was written by Anton?n Dvor?k between November 19 and December 3, 1893 in music, in New York City....
.

Over the course of three months in 1895, Dvorák wrote his Cello Concerto in B minor
Cello Concerto (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k's Cello Concerto in B minor, Op. 104, B. 191 is a well-known cello concerto that is performed and recorded more frequently than any other cello concerto....
. However, problems with Mrs. Thurber about his salary, together with increasing recognition in Europe — he had been made an honorary member of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde
Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde

The Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Wien was founded in 1812 by Joseph von Sonnleithner, general secretary of the Court Theatre, Vienna. Its official charter, drafted in 1814, states that the purpose of the Society was to promote music in all its facets....
 in Vienna
Vienna

Vienna is the Capital of Republic of Austria and also one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.7 million...
 — and homesickness made him decide to return to Bohemia. He left New York before the end of the spring term.

Dvorák's New York home was located at 327 East 17th Street
17th Street (Manhattan)

17th Street is an east-west running street between First Avenue and Eleventh Avenue in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. Traffic runs one way along the street, from east to west....
 near Perlman Place. It was in this home that the Ninth Symphony was written. Despite protests, from the then Czech
Czech Republic

The Czech Republic , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country borders Poland to the northeast, Germany to the west, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east....
 President Václav Havel
Václav Havel

V?clav Havel is a Czechs playwright, writer and politician. He was the tenth and last List of Presidents of Czechoslovakia of Czechoslovakia and the first List of presidents of the Czech Republic ....
 amongst others, who wanted the house preserved as a historical site, it was demolished to make room for a Beth Israel Medical Center
Beth Israel Medical Center

Beth Israel Medical Center is a 1,368-bed, full-service tertiary care teaching hospital in New York City. Originally dedicated to serving immigrant Jews living in the tenement slums of the Lower East Side, it was founded at the turn of the 20th century....
 residence for people with AIDS
AIDS

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a disease of the human immune system caused by the HIV ....
. To honor Dvorák, however, a statue of him was erected in Stuyvesant Square
Stuyvesant Square

Stuyvesant Square is a park in the New York City borough of Manhattan. The park is located between 15th Street and 17th Street and Rutherford Place and Nathan D....
.

Later career

During his final years, Dvorák concentrated on composing opera and chamber music. In 1896 he visited London for the last time to hear the premiere of his Cello Concerto in B minor
Cello Concerto (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k's Cello Concerto in B minor, Op. 104, B. 191 is a well-known cello concerto that is performed and recorded more frequently than any other cello concerto....
. In 1897 his daughter married his pupil, the composer Josef Suk
Josef Suk (composer)

Josef Suk was a Czech composer and violinist....
. Dvorák succeeded Antonín Bennewitz
Antonín Bennewitz

File:Bennewitz1322.jpgAnton?n Bennewitz was a Czech violinist, conductor and teacher. He was in a line of violinists that extended back to Giovanni Battista Viotti, and forward to Jan Kubel?k and Wolfgang Schneiderhan....
 as director of the Conservatory in Prague from 1901 until his death from heart failure in 1904. His 60th birthday was celebrated as a national event. He is interred in the Vyšehrad cemetery
Vyšehrad cemetery

Established in 1869 on the grounds of Vysehrad Castle in Prague, Czech Republic, the Vy?ehrad cemetery is the final resting place of many composers, artists, sculptors, writers, and those from the world of science and politics....
 in Prague, under his bust by Czech sculptor Ladislav Šaloun
Ladislav Šaloun

Ladislav Jan ?aloun was an important Czech sculptor of the Art Nouveau period.?aloun studied in the studios of Tom? Seidan and Bohuslav Schnirch, was involved as an artist in the M?nes Union of Fine Arts, This independent education allowed him to avoid the influence of Josef V?clav Myslbek, looking instead to the work of Auguste Rodin....
.

He left many unfinished works, including the early Cello Concerto in A major (see Concerti
Antonín Dvorák

Anton?n Leopold Dvor?k was a Czechs composer of Romantic music, who employed the idioms and melodies of the folk music of Moravia and his native Bohemia....
 below).

Works

See List of compositions by Antonín Dvorák
List of compositions by Antonín Dvorák

Below is a list of compositions by Anton?n Dvor?k sorted by category. The works are ordered by Jarmil Burghauser number. Corresponding opus numbers are also listed to works when applicable....
 by category, List of compositions by Antonín Dvorák by Burghauser number
List of compositions by Antonín Dvorák by Burghauser number

Below is a list of compositions by Anton?n Dvor?k, sorted by Jarmil Burghauser number. Corresponding opus numbers are also listed to works when applicable....
 and :Category: Compositions by Antonín Dvorák


Dvorák wrote in a variety of forms: his nine symphonies
Symphony

A symphony is a musical composition, often extended and usually for orchestra. "Symphony" does not imply a specific form. Many symphonies are tonality works in four movement with the first in sonata form, and this is often described by music theorists as the structure of a "Classical period " symphony, although even some symphonies by the ac...
 generally stick to classical models that Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. He was a crucial figure in the transitional period between the Classical music era and Romantic music eras in classical music, and remains one of the most acclaimed and influential composers of all time....
 would have recognised, but he also worked in the newly developed symphonic poem
Symphonic poem

A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of orchestral music in one movement in which some extramusical program provides a narrative or illustrative element....
 form and the influence of Richard Wagner
Richard Wagner

Wilhelm Richard Wagner was a German composer, Conducting, theatre director and essayist, primarily known for his operas . Unlike most other great opera composers, Wagner wrote both the scenario and libretto for his works....
 is apparent in some works. Many of his works also show the influence of Czech folk music, both in terms of rhythms and melodic shapes; perhaps the best known examples are the two sets of Slavonic Dances
Slavonic Dances

The Slavonic Dances are a series of 16 orchestral pieces composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1878 and 1886 and published in two sets as Opus 46 and Opus 72 respectively....
. Dvorák also wrote opera
Opera

Opera is an Performing arts in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work which combines a text and a musical score. Opera is part of the Western classical music tradition....
s (of which the best known is Rusalka
Rusalka (opera)

Rusalka is an opera by Anton?n Dvor?k. The Czech language libretto was written by the poet Jaroslav Kvapil based on the fairy tales of Karel Jarom?r Erben and Bozena Nemcova; a Rusalka is a water sprite of Slavic creatures of folklore, usually inhabiting a lake or river....
); serenades for string orchestra and wind ensemble; chamber music
Chamber music

Chamber music is a form of classical music, written for a small group of instruments which traditionally could be accommodated in a palace chamber....
 (including a number of string quartet
String quartet

A string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string instruments — usually two violins, a viola and cello — or a piece written to be performed by such a group....
s, and quintets); songs; choral music; and piano
Piano

The piano is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard instrument. Widely used in Western music for solo performance, ensemble use, chamber music, and accompaniment, the piano is also very popular as an aid to musical composition and rehearsal....
 music.

Numbering

While a large number of Dvorák's works were given opus number
Opus number

Opus, from the Latin word opus meaning "work", is usually used in the sense of "a work of art".The Latin plural of opus, "opera", is used to refer to the genre of music drama ....
s, these did not always bear a logical relationship to the order in which they were either written or published. To achieve better sales, some publishers such as Simrock
Simrock

The Simrock family included:* Nicolaus Simrock , who started in 1793 a music publishing firm in Bonn - Musikverlag N. Simrock* Johann Peter Simrock , who expanded the Simrock firm to Paris...
 preferred to present budding composers as being well established, by giving some relatively early works much higher opus numbers than their chronological order would merit. In other cases, the same opus number was given to more than one of Dvorák's works. In yet other cases, a work was given as many as three different opus numbers by different publishers. His symphonies' numbering has also been confused: (a) they were initially numbered by order of publication, not composition; (b) the first four symphonies to be composed were published after the last five; and (c) the last five symphonies were not published in order of composition. This explains why, for example, the New World Symphony was originally published as No. 5, was later known as No. 8, and definitively renumbered as No. 9 in the critical editions published in the 1950s.

The order of publication of the symphonies was:
  • No. 6 (1881) – published as "No. 1", although Dvorák called it "No. 5"
  • No. 7 (1885) – published as "No. 2", although Dvorák called it "No. 6"
  • No. 5 (1888) – published as "No. 3, Op. 76", although Dvorák called it "No. 4, Op. 24" on the score
  • No. 8 (1890) – published as "No. 4", although Dvorák called it "No. 7"
  • No. 9 (1894) – published as "No. 5", although Dvorák called it "No. 8"
  • No. 3 (1912)
  • No. 4 (1912)
  • No. 2 (1959)
  • No. 1 (1961).


The symphonies were first performed in a different order again:
  • No. 3 (1874)
  • No. 5 (1879)
  • No. 6 (1881)
  • No. 7 (1885)
  • No. 2 (1888)
  • No. 8 (1890)
  • No. 4 (1892)
  • No. 9 (1893)
  • No. 1 (1936).


All of Dvorák's works were chronologically catalogued by Jarmil Burghauser
Jarmil Burghauser

Jarmil Michael Burghauser was a Czech Republic composer, conducting, and musicology. After the short-lived Prague Spring, he incurred the disfavor of his country's Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and had to adopt the pseudonym Michal H?jku in order to write a series of compositions in a style which evoked earlier periods of music, c...
 in Antonín Dvorák. Thematic Catalogue. Bibliography. Survey of Life and Work (Export Artia, Prague, 1960). As an example, in the Burghauser catalogue, the New World Symphony, Op. 95 is B.178. Scholars today often refer to Dvorák's works by their B numbers (for Burghauser), although references to the traditional opus numbers are still common, in part because the opus numbers have historical continuity with earlier scores and printed programs. The opus numbers are still more likely to appear in printed programs for performances.

Symphonies

During Dvorák's life, only five of his symphonies were widely known. The first published was his sixth, dedicated to Hans Richter
Hans Richter (conductor)

Hans Richter was an Austrian-Hungary conducting. Richter studied at the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna with a particular interest in the horn , and developed his conducting career at several opera-houses in the Austro-Hungarian empire....
. After Dvorák's death, research uncovered four unpublished symphonies, of which the manuscript of the first had even been lost to the composer himself. This led to an unclear situation in which the New World Symphony
Symphony No. 9 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 9 in E Minor "From the New World" , popularly known as the New World Symphony, was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1893 during his visit to the United States from 1892 to 1895....
 has alternately been called the 5th, 8th and 9th. This article uses the modern numbering system, according to the order in which they were written.

Symphony No. 1 in C minor
Symphony No. 1 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 1 in C minor, Opus number 3, B. 9, subtitled "The Bells of Zlonice", was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k during February and March of 1865....
 was written when Dvorák was 24 years old. Later subtitled The Bells of Zlonice after a village in Dvorák's native Bohemia, it shows inexperience but also genius with its many attractive qualities. It has many formal similarities with Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. He was a crucial figure in the transitional period between the Classical music era and Romantic music eras in classical music, and remains one of the most acclaimed and influential composers of all time....
's 5th Symphony
Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)

Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 5 in C minor, opus number 67 was written in 1804?08. This symphony is one of the most popular and well-known musical composition in all of European classical music, and one of the most often-played symphonies....
 (for example, the movements follow the same keys: C minor, A flat major, C minor, C major), yet in harmony and instrumentation, Dvorák's First follows the style of Franz Schubert
Franz Schubert

Franz Peter Schubert was an Austrian composer. He wrote some 600 lieder, nine symphonies , liturgy music, operas, and a large body of chamber music and solo piano music....
. (Some material from this symphony was reused in the Silhouettes, Opus 8, for piano solo.)

Symphony No. 2 in B flat major
Symphony No. 2 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 2 in B flat major, Opus number 4, B. 12 was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k between August and October 1865....
, Op. 4, still takes Beethoven as a model, though this time in a brighter, more pastoral light.

Symphony No. 3 in E flat major
Symphony No. 3 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 3 in E-flat major, Opus number 10, B. 34 is a classical composition by Czech composer Anton?n Dvor?k.It is not known precisely when the work was created ....
, Op. 10, clearly shows the sudden and profound impact of Dvorák's recent acquaintance with the music of Richard Wagner
Richard Wagner

Wilhelm Richard Wagner was a German composer, Conducting, theatre director and essayist, primarily known for his operas . Unlike most other great opera composers, Wagner wrote both the scenario and libretto for his works....
 and Franz Liszt
Franz Liszt

Franz Liszt was a Kingdom of Hungary composer, virtuoso pianist and teacher.Liszt became renowned throughout Europe for his great skill as a performer during the 19th century....
; there is no scherzo
Scherzo

A scherzo is a piece of music or a movement, in a certain style, that forms part of a larger piece such as a symphony. The word "scherzo" means "joke" in Italian language....
. (A portion of the slow movement was reused in the sixth of the Legends, Opus 59, for piano duet or orchestra.)

Symphony No. 4 in D minor
Symphony No. 4 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 4 in D minor, Opus number 13, B. 41 is classical composition by Czech composer Anton?n Dvor?k....
, Op. 13, still shows a strong influence of Wagner, particularly the second movement, which is reminiscent of the overture to Tannhäuser
Tannhäuser (opera)

Tannh?user is an opera in three acts, music and text by Richard Wagner, based on the two Germany legends of Tannh?user and the S?ngerkrieg at Wartburg Castle....
. In contrast, the scherzo is strongly Czech in character.

Symphony No. 5 in F major
Symphony No. 5 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 5 in F major, Opus number 76, B. 54 is a classical composition by Czech composer Anton?n Dvor?k....
, Op. 76, and Symphony No. 6 in D major
Symphony No. 6 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 6 in D major, Op. 60, was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in the very short period from 27 August to 15 October 1880, and first published as Symphony No....
, Op. 60, are largely pastoral in nature, and brush away nearly all the last traces of Wagnerian style. The Sixth shows a very strong resemblance to the Symphony No. 2
Symphony No. 2 (Brahms)

The Symphony No. 2 in D, Op. 73 was composed by Johannes Brahms in the summer of 1877 during a visit to the Austrian Alps. Its gestation was brief in comparison with the fifteen years which Brahms took to complete his Symphony No....
 of Brahms, particularly in the outer movements, though this similarity is belied by the third-movement furiant
Furiant

A Furiant is a rapid and fiery Bohemian dance in 2/4 and 3/4 Time signature, with frequently shifting Accent .The stylised form of the dance was often used by Czechs composers such as Antonin Dvor?k in his Slavonic Dances and in his Symphony No....
, a vivid Czech dance.

Symphony No. 7 in D minor
Symphony No. 7 (Dvorák)

Symphony No. 7 in D minor , opus number 70, by Anton?n Dvor?k was first performed in London on April 22, 1885 shortly after the piece was completed on March 17, 1885....
 of 1885, Op. 70, is sometimes reckoned to exhibit more formal tautness and greater intensity than the more famous 9th Symphony
Symphony No. 9 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 9 in E Minor "From the New World" , popularly known as the New World Symphony, was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1893 during his visit to the United States from 1892 to 1895....
. There is emotional torment in the Seventh that may reflect personal troubles: around this time, Dvorák was struggling to have his Czech operas accepted in Vienna, feeling pressure to write operas in German, and arguing with his publisher. His sketches show that the Seventh cost him much hard work and soul-searching.

Symphony No. 8 in G major
Symphony No. 8 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 8 in G major, Op. 88 was composed and orchestrated by Anton?n Dvor?k within the two-and-a-half-month period from August 26 to November 8 1889 in Vysoka, Bohemia....
, Op. 88, is, in contrast with the Seventh, characterized by a warmer and more optimistic tone. Karl Schumann (in booklet notes for a recording of all the symphonies by Rafael Kubelík
Rafael Kubelík

Rafael Jeron?m Kubel?k was a Czechs conducting and composer....
) compares it to the works of Gustav Mahler
Gustav Mahler

Gustav Mahler was a Bohemian-born Austrian composer and conducting. He was best known during his own lifetime as one of the leading orchestral and operatic conductors of the day....
. As with the Seventh, some feel the Eighth is the best of the symphonies. That some critics feel it necessary to promote a symphony as "better than the Ninth" shows how the immense popularity of the Ninth has overshadowed the earlier works.

Symphony No. 9 in E minor
Symphony No. 9 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 9 in E Minor "From the New World" , popularly known as the New World Symphony, was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1893 during his visit to the United States from 1892 to 1895....
, Op. 95, may be better known by its subtitle, From the New World, and is also called the New World Symphony. Dvorák wrote it between January and May 1893, while he was in New York. At the time of its first performance, he claimed that he used elements from American music such as spiritual
Spiritual (music)

Spirituals are songs which were created by African people History of slavery in the United States....
s and Native American music
Native American music

American Indian music is the music that is used, created or performed by Native North Americans. In addition to the tribally specific music of those groups there now exist pan-tribal and intertribal genre as well as distinct Indian subgenres of popular music including: rock and roll, blues, hip hop music, Classical music, film music and regg...
 in this work, but he later denied this. The first movement has a solo
Solo (music)

In music, a solo is a piece or a section of a piece played or sung by a single performer. In practice this means a number of different things, depending on the type of music and the context....
 flute
Flute

The flute is a musical instrument of the woodwind family. Unlike other woodwind instruments, a flute is a reedless wind instrument that produces its sound from the flow of air against an edge....
 passage reminiscent of "Swing Low, Sweet Chariot
Swing Low, Sweet Chariot

"Swing Low, Sweet Chariot" is a African-American Negro spiritual. The first recording was by the Fisk Jubilee Singers in 1909. In 2002, the Library of Congress honored the song as one of 50 recordings chosen that year to be added to the List of recordings preserved in the United States National Recording Registry....
", and one of his students later reported that the second movement depicted, programmatically, the sobbing of Hiawatha
Hiawatha

Hiawatha , who lived in the 1100s, 1400s, or 1500s, was variously a leader of the Onondaga and Mohawk nation nations of Native Americans in the United States....
. The second movement was so reminiscent of a negro spiritual that William Arms Fisher
William Arms Fisher

William Arms Fisher was an United States composer, Music history and writer.Fisher had Antonin Dvorak and Horatio Parker as teachers at the National Conservatory in New York City....
 wrote lyrics for it and called it "Goin' Home". Dvorák was interested in indigenous American music, but in an article published in the New York Herald
New York Herald

The New York Herald was a large distribution newspaper based in New York City that existed between May 6, 1835 and 1924....
 on December 15, 1893, he wrote, "[In the 9th symphony] I have simply written original themes embodying the peculiarities of the Indian music." Neil Armstrong
Neil Armstrong

Neil Alden Armstrong is a former American astronaut, test pilot, university professor, and United States Naval Aviator. He is List of Apollo astronauts#People who have walked on the Moon Moon....
 took a recording of the New World Symphony to the Moon
Moon

The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite and the List of natural satellites by diameter satellite in the Solar System. The average centre-to-centre distance from the Earth to the Moon is km, about thirty times the diameter of the Earth....
 during the Apollo 11
Apollo 11

The Apollo 11 mission was the first manned mission to land on the Moon. It was the fifth human spaceflight of Apollo program and the third human voyage to the Moon....
 mission, the first Moon landing, in 1969. Many conductors have recorded cycles of the symphonies, including István Kertész
István Kertész

Istv?n Kert?sz was a world-renowned Hungary orchestral and operatic conducting....
, Rafael Kubelík
Rafael Kubelík

Rafael Jeron?m Kubel?k was a Czechs conducting and composer....
, Otmar Suitner
Otmar Suitner

Otmar Suitner is an Austrian conducting who spent most of his professional career in East Germany.References...
, Libor Pešek
Libor Pešek

Libor Pe?ek Order of the British Empire is a Czechs conducting.Pe?ek was born in Prague and studied conducting, piano, cello and trombone at the Academy of Musical Arts there, with V?clav Smet?cek and Karel Ancerl among his teachers....
, Zdenek Mácal
Zdenek Mácal

Zdenek M?cal is a Czech people Conducting....
, Václav Neumann
Václav Neumann

V?clav Neumann was a Czech Republic conducting, violinist and viola player.Neumann was born in Prague where he studied at the Prague Conservatory, with Josef Micka , and with Pavel Dedecek and Metod Dole?il ....
, Witold Rowicki
Witold Rowicki

Witold Rowicki was a Poland conducting. He held principal conducting positions with the Warsaw Philharmonic Orchestra and the Bamberg Symphony Orchestra....
, and Neeme Järvi
Neeme Järvi

Neeme J?rvi is an Estonian-born United States conducting.Neeme J?rvi was born in Tallinn and studied first there and then in Saint Petersburg under Evgeny Mravinsky, among others....
.

Symphonic poems

Dvorák's symphonic poem
Symphonic poem

A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of orchestral music in one movement in which some extramusical program provides a narrative or illustrative element....
s (tone poems) are among his most original symphonic works. He wrote five symphonic poems, all in 1896-1897, and they have sequential opus numbers: The Water Goblin
The Water Goblin

The Water Goblin is a symphonic poem, Opus 107 , written by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1896.The source of inspiration for "The Water Goblin" was a poem found in a collection published by Karel Jarom?r Erben under the title Kytice; all six of Dvor?k's symphonic poems were inspired by works of poetry found in that collection....
, Op. 107; The Noon Witch
The Noon Witch

The Noon Witch , Op. 108, B 196, is a symphonic poem by Anton?n Dvor?k inspired by the Karel Erben poem Polednice from the collection Kytice....
, Op. 108; The Golden Spinning Wheel, Op. 109; The Wood Dove, Op. 110; and The Hero's Song, Op. 111. The first four of these works are based upon ballads by the Czech folklorist Karel Erben. The Hero's Song is based on a program of Dvorák's devising and is believed to be autobiographical.

Choral works

The greatest of Dvorák's choral works are his Requiem, Op. 89
Requiem (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k's Requiem in B-flat minor, Op. 89, is a requiem for soloists, choir and orchestra....
, his Te Deum
Te Deum

The Te Deum is an Early Christian hymn of praise. The hymn remains in regular use in the Roman Catholic Church in the Office of Readings found in the Liturgy of the Hours, and in thanksgiving to God for a special blessing either after Mass or Divine Office or as a separate religious ceremony....
, his Mass
Mass (music)

The Mass, a Musical form of sacred music, is a choir composition that sets the fixed portions of the Eucharistic liturgy to music. Most Masses are settings of Mass in Latin, the traditional language of the Roman Catholic Church, but there are a significant number written in the languages of non-Catholic countries where vernacular worship h...
 in D major, and his Stabat Mater
Stabat Mater (Dvorák)

File:Remembrance of the performance of Stabat Mater in Worcester on 12 September, 1884..jpgThe sketches of the religious cantata Stabat Mater for soli, choir and orchestra wrote the Czechs composer Anton?n Dvor?k between 19 February and 7 May 1876....
, the longest extant setting of that work. The recording of the Requiem by conductor Karel Ancerl
Karel Ancerl

Karel Ancerl was a Czechs Conducting, known for his performances of contemporary music and for his interpretations of music by Czech composers....
 with the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra
Czech Philharmonic Orchestra

The Cesk? filharmonie is a symphony orchestra based in Prague and is the best-known and most respected orchestra in the Czech Republic. It was voted 20th place of the top 20 best orchestras in the World in a 2008 survey organized by the British magazine Gramophone ....
, the Czech Philharmonic Chorus and soloists (1959) was awarded the prestigious "Grand Prix du disque de L'Académie Charles Cros
L'Académie Charles Cros

The Acad?mie Charles-Cros, is an organization in France that acts as an intermediary between government cultural policy makers and professionals in the field music and the recording industry....
".

Concerti

Music critic Harold C. Schonberg
Harold C. Schonberg

Harold Charles Schonberg was an American music critic and journalist, most notably for The New York Times. He was the first music critic to win the Pulitzer Prize for criticism ....
 expressed common critical opinion when he wrote that Dvorák wrote "an attractive Piano Concerto in G minor with a rather ineffective piano part, a beautiful Violin Concerto in A minor, and a supreme Cello Concerto in B minor". All the concertos are in the classical three-movement form.

The Concerto for Piano and Orchestra in G minor, Op. 33
Piano Concerto (Dvorák)

File:Dvorak-Piano Conc g-moll281.jpgThe Concerto for Piano and Orchestra in G minor, Op. 33 was the first of three concertos that Anton?n Dvor?k composed -- the piano concerto first, a violin concerto and, lastly, a cello concerto -- and the piano concerto is probably the least known and least performed....
 was the first of three concerto
Concerto

The term Concerto usually refers to a three-part musical work in which one solo instrument is accompanied by an orchestra. The concerto, as understood in this modern way, arose in the Baroque period side by side with the concerto grosso, which contrasted a small group of instruments with the rest of the orchestra....
s that Dvorák composed and orchestrated, and it is perhaps the least known of those three. Dvorák composed his piano concerto from late August through September 14, 1876. Its autograph version contains many corrections, erasures, cuts and additions, the bulk of these made in the piano part. The work was premiered in Prague
Prague

Prague is the Capital and World's largest cities of the Czech Republic. Its official name is Hlavn? mesto Praha, meaning Prague, the Capital City....
 on March 24, 1878, with the orchestra of the Prague Provisional Theatre conducted by Adolf Cech, and the Czech pianist Karel Slavkovský as soloist. As Dvorák wrote: "I see I am unable to write a Concerto for a virtuoso; I must think of other things." Instead, what Dvorák thought of and created was a concerto with remarkable symphonic values in which the piano plays a leading part in the orchestra rather than opposed to it. The Czech pianist and piano teacher Professor Vilém Kurz
Vilém Kurz

Vil?m Kurz was a Czech people pianist and piano teacher, a professor at the State Conservatory in Lviv and Vienna, and Prague Conservatory....
 subsequently wrote an alternative, somewhat more virtuosic piano part for the concerto, which may, depending on the performer's preference, be played either partially or entirely in lieu of Dvorák's part. In 1919 concert pianist Ilona Kurzová
Ilona Štepánová-Kurzová

Ilona ?tep?nov?-Kurzov? was a Czech concert pianist and piano teacher, a professor at the Prague Academy of Arts. Her students included Ivan Moravec....
 played the first performance of the Kurz version, conducted by Václav Talich
Václav Talich

File:J.Suk, V.Talich, V Nov?k.jpgV?clav Talich was a Czechs conducting, violinist and pedagogue....
.

The Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in A minor, Op. 53
Violin Concerto (Dvorák)

Violin Concerto in A minor, Op. 53 is a concerto for violin and orchestra composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1879. The concerto was premiered in 1883 by Franti?ek Ondr?cek in Prague....
 was the second of the three concerto
Concerto

The term Concerto usually refers to a three-part musical work in which one solo instrument is accompanied by an orchestra. The concerto, as understood in this modern way, arose in the Baroque period side by side with the concerto grosso, which contrasted a small group of instruments with the rest of the orchestra....
s that Dvorák composed and orchestrated. He had met the great violinist Joseph Joachim
Joseph Joachim

Joseph Joachim was a Hungarian people violinist, conducting, composer and teacher. He is regarded as one of the most influential violinists of all time....
 in 1878 and decided to write a concerto for him. He finished it in 1879, but Joachim was skeptical of the work. He objected to Dvorák's abrupt truncation of the first movement's orchestral tutti
Tutti

Tutti is an Italian language word literally meaning all or together. As a musical term, it is used in various ways. It may refer to an orchestral passage in which every member of the orchestra is playing at once....
, and he also did not approve its truncated recapitulation
Recapitulation (music)

In music theory, the recapitulation is one of the section s of a movement written in sonata form. The recapitulation occurs after the movement's musical development section, and typically presents once more the musical themes from the movement's exposition ....
 and its leading directly to the slow movement. He never played the piece. The concerto was premiered in 1883 in Prague by the violinist František Ondrícek
František Ondrícek

Franti?ek Ondr?cek was a Czechs violinist and composer. He gave the first performance of the Violin Concerto by Anton?n Dvor?k, and his achievements were recognised by the rare award of honorary membership of the Royal Philharmonic Society in 1891....
, who also gave its first performances in Vienna
Vienna

Vienna is the Capital of Republic of Austria and also one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.7 million...
 and London.

The Concerto for Cello and Orchestra in B minor, Op. 104
Cello Concerto (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k's Cello Concerto in B minor, Op. 104, B. 191 is a well-known cello concerto that is performed and recorded more frequently than any other cello concerto....
 was the last composed of Dvorák's concertos. He wrote it in 1894-1895 for his friend, the cellist Hanuš Wihan. Wihan and others had asked for a cello concerto for some time, but Dvorák always refused, stating that the cello was a fine orchestral instrument but completely insufficient for a solo concerto.

Dvorák composed the concerto in New York
New York

The State of New York is a U.S. state in the Mid-Atlantic States and Northeastern United States regions of the United States and is the nation's List of U.S....
 while serving as the Director of the National Conservatory
National Conservatory of Music of America

The National Conservatory of Music of America was an institution for higher education in music founded in 1885 in New York City by Jeannette Thurber....
. In 1894 Victor Herbert
Victor Herbert

Victor August Herbert was an Ireland-born, German-raised United States composer, cellist and conducting who is best known for his many successful operettas that premiered on Broadway theatre....
, who was also teaching at the Conservatory, had written a cello concerto and presented it in a series of concerts. Dvorák attended at least two performances of Victor Herbert's cello concerto and was inspired to fulfill Wihan's request for a cello concerto. Dvorák's concerto received its premiere in London on March 16, 1896, with the English cellist Leo Stern. The work was well received. Brahms
Johannes Brahms

Johannes Brahms , composer and pianist, was one of the leading musicians of the Romantic music. Born in Hamburg, Brahms spent much of his professional life in Vienna, Austria, where he was a leader of the musical scene....
 said of the work: "Had I known that one could write a cello concerto like this, I would have written one long ago!"

Over thirty years earlier in 1865, Dvorák had composed a Cello Concerto in A major, but with accompaniment by piano rather than orchestra. It is believed Dvorák had intended to orchestrate it, but abandoned it. It was orchestrated by the German composer Günter Raphael
Günter Raphael

G?nter Raphael was a Germany composer. He was born April 30 1903 in Berlin. His first symphony was premiered by Wilhelm Furtw?ngler in 1926 in Leipzig....
 between 1925 and 1929, and again by his cataloguer Jarmil Burghauser
Jarmil Burghauser

Jarmil Michael Burghauser was a Czech Republic composer, conducting, and musicology. After the short-lived Prague Spring, he incurred the disfavor of his country's Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and had to adopt the pseudonym Michal H?jku in order to write a series of compositions in a style which evoked earlier periods of music, c...
 and published in this form in 1952 as B.10.

Chamber music

Dvorák composed fourteen string quartets, the most popular being the 12th, the American
String Quartet No. 12 (Dvorák)

The String Quartet No. 12 in F, Op. 96, B. 179, nicknamed the American, is one of the most popular pieces of chamber music by the Czech composer Anton?n Dvor?k....
, Op. 96. He also composed two piano quintets, of which the 2nd
Piano Quintet No. 2 (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k's Piano Quintet No. 2 in A major, opus number 81, Jarmil Burghauser 155, is a piano quintet for piano, 2 violins, viola, and cello....
, Op. 81, is better known. He left three string quintets including the Double Bass quintet
String Quintet No. 2 (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k String Quintet No. 2 in G major, Opus number 77, was originally composed in early March, 1875 and first performed on March 18, 1876 in Prague at the concert of the Umeleck? beseda....
, Op. 77, a terzetto for two violins and viola, two piano quartets, a string sextet, Op. 48, and four piano trios, including the Piano Trio No. 4
Piano Trio No. 4 (Dvorák)

The Piano Trio No. 4 in E Minor is a piece by Antonin Dvor?k for piano, violin and cello. Subtitled Dumky, it is among the composer's most well-known works....
 (subtitled Dumky
Dumky

Dumka is a musical term introduced from the Ukrainian language, with cognates in other Slavic languages. Originally, it is the diminutive form of the Ukrainian term dumy "a Slavic epic ballad ? generally thoughtful or melancholic in character." Ukrainian and other Slavic classical composers drew on the harmonic patterns in the folk mus...
), Op. 90. He also wrote a set of Bagatelle
Bagatelle (music)

A bagatelle is a short piece of music, typically for the piano, and usually of a light, mellow character. The name bagatelle literally means a "trifle", as a reference to the innocent character of the piece....
s, Op. 47, for the unusual instrumentation of two violins, viola, and harmonium.

Operas

Dvorák's critical acclaim as a composer of symphonies and concertos gave him a strong desire to write opera. Of all his operas, only Rusalka
Rusalka (opera)

Rusalka is an opera by Anton?n Dvor?k. The Czech language libretto was written by the poet Jaroslav Kvapil based on the fairy tales of Karel Jarom?r Erben and Bozena Nemcova; a Rusalka is a water sprite of Slavic creatures of folklore, usually inhabiting a lake or river....
, Op. 114, and, to a much lesser extent, The Devil and Kate
The Devil and Kate

The Devil and Kate, Opus 112, B.201, is an opera in three acts by Anton?n Dvor?k to a Czech libretto by Adolf Wenig. It is based on a farce by Josef Kajet?n Tyl, and the story also had been treated in the Fairy Tales of Bo?ena Nemcov?....
, Op. 112, are played on contemporary opera stages with any frequency outside the Czech Republic. This is attributable to their uneven invention and libretti, and perhaps also their staging requirements—The Jacobin
The Jacobin

The Jacobin is an opera in three acts by Anton?n Dvor?k to an original Czech libretto by Marie Cervinkov?-Riegrov?. Cervinkov?-Riegrov? took some of the story's characters from the story by Alois Jir?sek, "At the Ducal Court", but devised her own plot around them....
, Armida, Vanda
Vanda (opera)

Vanda is a grand opera in five acts by Anton?n Dvor?k. The Czech language libretto was written by V?clav Bene?-?umavsk? and Franti?ek Z?krejs after a work by Julian Surzycki....
 and Dimitrij need stages large enough to portray invading armies.

One of his more frequently-performed arias from Rusalka is "Mesícku na nebi hlubokém" (or, "Song to the Moon").

There is speculation by Dvorák scholars such as Michael Beckerman that portions of his Symphony No. 9 "From the New World", notably the second movement, were adapted from studies for a never-written opera about Hiawatha
Hiawatha

Hiawatha , who lived in the 1100s, 1400s, or 1500s, was variously a leader of the Onondaga and Mohawk nation nations of Native Americans in the United States....
.

List of operas

  • Alfred
    Alfred (Dvorák)

    Alfred is a heroic opera in three acts by the Czech composer Anton?n Dvor?k. It was Dvor?k's first opera and the only one he composed to a German text....
     (unpublished), 1870
  • King and Charcoal Burner
    King and Charcoal Burner

    King and Charcoal Burner , Op. 14, is a three-act comic opera by the Czechs composer Anton?n Dvor?k.The first version of the opera was written in 1871 to a libretto by Bernard J....
     (Král a uhlír), 1871, recomposed 1874, revised 1887, Op.14
  • The Stubborn Lovers
    The Stubborn Lovers

    The Stubborn Lovers , Op. 17, is a one-act comic opera in 16 scenes by Czechs composer Anton?n Dvor?k. It was written in 1874 to the libretto of the Czech lawyer and writer Dr....
     (Tvrdé palice), 1874, Op.17
  • Vanda
    Vanda (opera)

    Vanda is a grand opera in five acts by Anton?n Dvor?k. The Czech language libretto was written by V?clav Bene?-?umavsk? and Franti?ek Z?krejs after a work by Julian Surzycki....
    , 1875, revised 1879 and 1883, Op.25
  • The Cunning Peasant
    The Cunning Peasant

    The Cunning Peasant is an opera by Anton?n Dvor?k. The Czech language libretto is by Josef Otakar Vesel?....
     (Šelma sedlák), 1877, Op.35
  • Dimitrij
    Dimitrij

    Dimitrij is an opera by Anton?n Dvor?k in 4 acts, set a libretto by Marie Cervinkov?-Riegrov?. More specifically, it belongs to the genre of Grand Opera....
    , 1881/1882, revised 1883, 1885, 1894/1895, Op.64
  • The Jacobin
    The Jacobin

    The Jacobin is an opera in three acts by Anton?n Dvor?k to an original Czech libretto by Marie Cervinkov?-Riegrov?. Cervinkov?-Riegrov? took some of the story's characters from the story by Alois Jir?sek, "At the Ducal Court", but devised her own plot around them....
    , 1887/1888, revised 1897, Op.84
  • The Devil and Kate
    The Devil and Kate

    The Devil and Kate, Opus 112, B.201, is an opera in three acts by Anton?n Dvor?k to a Czech libretto by Adolf Wenig. It is based on a farce by Josef Kajet?n Tyl, and the story also had been treated in the Fairy Tales of Bo?ena Nemcov?....
     (Cert a Káca), 1898/1889, Op.112
  • Rusalka
    Rusalka (opera)

    Rusalka is an opera by Anton?n Dvor?k. The Czech language libretto was written by the poet Jaroslav Kvapil based on the fairy tales of Karel Jarom?r Erben and Bozena Nemcova; a Rusalka is a water sprite of Slavic creatures of folklore, usually inhabiting a lake or river....
    , 1900, Op.114
  • Armida
    Armida (Dvorák)

    Armida is an opera by Antonin Dvorak in four acts, set to a libretto by Jaroslav Vrchlick? that was originally based on Torquato Tasso's epic Gerusalemme liberata....
    , 1902/1903, Op.115


Notable students of Dvorák

  • Vítezslav Novák
    Vítezslav Novák

    V?tezslav Nov?k was one of the most well-respected Czech Republic composers and pedagogues, almost singlehandedly founding a mid-century Czech school of composition....
  • Josef Suk
    Josef Suk (composer)

    Josef Suk was a Czech composer and violinist....
  • Will Marion Cook
    Will Marion Cook

    Will Marion Cook was a composer and violinist from the United States. Cook was a student of Anton?n Dvor?k and performed for George V of the United Kingdom among others....
  • William Arms Fisher
    William Arms Fisher

    William Arms Fisher was an United States composer, Music history and writer.Fisher had Antonin Dvorak and Horatio Parker as teachers at the National Conservatory in New York City....
  • Harry T. Burleigh
    Harry Burleigh

    Henry "Harry" Thacker Burleigh , a baritone, was an African American european classical music composer, arranger, and professional singer. He was the first black composer to be instrumental in the development of a characteristically American music and he helped to make black music available to classically-trained artists both by introducing...


Media


Recordings of the Cello concerto
Cello Concerto (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k's Cello Concerto in B minor, Op. 104, B. 191 is a well-known cello concerto that is performed and recorded more frequently than any other cello concerto....
, the Serenade for Strings
Serenade for Strings (Dvorák)

Anton?n Dvor?k's Serenade for Strings in E major, Opus number 22, was composed in 1875. It remains one of the composer's more popular orchestral works to this day....
, Humoresque no. 7, and the Symphony no. 9
Symphony No. 9 (Dvorák)

The Symphony No. 9 in E Minor "From the New World" , popularly known as the New World Symphony, was composed by Anton?n Dvor?k in 1893 during his visit to the United States from 1892 to 1895....
 can be found at their respective articles.

See also

  • List of compositions by Antonín Dvorák
    List of compositions by Antonín Dvorák

    Below is a list of compositions by Anton?n Dvor?k sorted by category. The works are ordered by Jarmil Burghauser number. Corresponding opus numbers are also listed to works when applicable....
     by category
  • List of compositions by Antonín Dvorák by Burghauser number
    List of compositions by Antonín Dvorák by Burghauser number

    Below is a list of compositions by Anton?n Dvor?k, sorted by Jarmil Burghauser number. Corresponding opus numbers are also listed to works when applicable....
Category: Compositions by Antonín Dvorák


External links



Recordings

  • Guided listening on Dvorák's most famous works can be found in the
  • Video Cigánské melodie
  • , on Dvorák's predictions about the future of American music
  • Kunst der Fuge:


Music scores