Anogeissus is a
genusIn biology, a genus is a taxonomic unit used in the classification of living and fossil organisms. The term comes from Latin genus "descent, family, type, gender" , cognate with – genos, "race, stock, kin" ..In addition, genus is a taxonomic rank in the hierarchy In biology, a genus (plural:...
of
treeA tree is a perennial woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or trunk with clear apical dominance. A minimum height specification at maturity is cited by some authors, varying from 3 m to...
s native to
South AsiaSouth Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries on the west and the east...
, the
Arabian PeninsulaThe Arabian Peninsula , Arabia, Arabistan, and the Arabian subcontinent is a peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia...
, and
AfricaAfrica is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area. With a billion people in 61 territories, it accounts for about 14.8% of the...
, belonging to family
CombretaceaeCombretaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family includes about 600 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas in 20 genera. The family includes the Leadwood tree, Combretum imberbe. Three genera, Conocarpus, Laguncularia and Lumnitzera, grow in mangrove habitats. Combretaceae are widespread in...
. The genus has eight species, five native to South Asia, two endemic to the
southern ArabianThe Modern South Arabian languages are spoken mainly by minority populations on the Arabian Peninsula in Yemen and Oman...
Peninsula, and one native to Africa.
Anogeissus latifolia, known as dhaora, is one of the most useful trees in India. Its leaves contain large amounts of
tanninTannins are astringent, bitter plant polyphenols that either bind and precipitate or shrink proteins. The astringency from the tannins is what causes the dry and puckery feeling in the mouth following the consumption of unripened fruit or red wine...
, and are used in India for tanning. The tree is the source of Indian gum, also known as ghatti gum, which is used for
calicoCalico has different meanings according to which country the word is used in. Originally calico was a plain-woven textile which originated in the city of Kozhikode, Kerala, India, which was known by Europeans as Calicut, in the 11th century...
printing among other uses.
Anogeissus is a
genusIn biology, a genus is a taxonomic unit used in the classification of living and fossil organisms. The term comes from Latin genus "descent, family, type, gender" , cognate with – genos, "race, stock, kin" ..In addition, genus is a taxonomic rank in the hierarchy In biology, a genus (plural:...
of
treeA tree is a perennial woody plant. It is most often defined as a woody plant that has many secondary branches supported clear of the ground on a single main stem or trunk with clear apical dominance. A minimum height specification at maturity is cited by some authors, varying from 3 m to...
s native to
South AsiaSouth Asia, also known as Southern Asia, is the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan countries and, for some authorities , also includes the adjoining countries on the west and the east...
, the
Arabian PeninsulaThe Arabian Peninsula , Arabia, Arabistan, and the Arabian subcontinent is a peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia...
, and
AfricaAfrica is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area. With a billion people in 61 territories, it accounts for about 14.8% of the...
, belonging to family
CombretaceaeCombretaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family includes about 600 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas in 20 genera. The family includes the Leadwood tree, Combretum imberbe. Three genera, Conocarpus, Laguncularia and Lumnitzera, grow in mangrove habitats. Combretaceae are widespread in...
. The genus has eight species, five native to South Asia, two endemic to the
southern ArabianThe Modern South Arabian languages are spoken mainly by minority populations on the Arabian Peninsula in Yemen and Oman...
Peninsula, and one native to Africa.
Anogeissus latifolia, known as dhaora, is one of the most useful trees in India. Its leaves contain large amounts of
tanninTannins are astringent, bitter plant polyphenols that either bind and precipitate or shrink proteins. The astringency from the tannins is what causes the dry and puckery feeling in the mouth following the consumption of unripened fruit or red wine...
, and are used in India for tanning. The tree is the source of Indian gum, also known as ghatti gum, which is used for
calicoCalico has different meanings according to which country the word is used in. Originally calico was a plain-woven textile which originated in the city of Kozhikode, Kerala, India, which was known by Europeans as Calicut, in the 11th century...
printing among other uses.
A. pendula, known as kardhai or dhok, is common in the
Kathiarbar-Gir dry deciduous forestsThe Kathiawar-Gir dry deciduous forests are a tropical dry broadleaf forest ecoregion of western India.-Setting:The Kathiawar-Gir forests have a disjunct distribution. The main part of the ecoregion comprises the Aravalli Range and the eastern half of Rajasthan state, extending into eastern Gujarat...
of
western IndiaWest India or the Western region of India consists of the states of Goa, Gujarat and Maharashtra, along with the Union Territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. It is highly industrialized, with a large urban population. Most of Western India was part of the Maratha Empire and...
, where it often forms pure stands in the rocky ridges of the
Aravalli RangeThe Aravalli Range literally meaning 'line of peaks' , is a range of mountains in western India running approximately 800 km from northeast to southwest across states of Rajasthan, Haryana, and Gujarat. -Features:...
.
A. leiocarpus is found in
AfricaAfrica is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area. With a billion people in 61 territories, it accounts for about 14.8% of the...
from northeastern
EthiopiaEthiopia , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country situated in the Horn of Africa. Ethiopia is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Sudan to the west, Kenya to the south, Somalia to the east and Djibouti to the northeast. Its size is 1,100,000 km² with an...
to
SenegalSenegal , officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa. Senegal is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, and Guinea and Guinea-Bissau to the south, and it also encircles The Gambia on its three sides,...
, and its bark is used to produce Anogelline, a substance used in
cosmeticsCosmetics are substances used to enhance the appearance or odor of the human body. Cosmetics include skin-care creams, lotions, powders, perfumes, lipsticks, fingernail and toe nail polish, eye and facial makeup, permanent waves, colored contact lenses, hair colors, [hair sprays] and gels,...
.
A. dhofarica and
A. bentii are endemic to the woodlands of the southern Arabian Peninsula.
Species:
- Anogeissus acuminata
- Anogeissus bentii
Anogeissus bentii is a species of plant in the Combretaceae family. It is endemic to Yemen.-References:* Miller, A.G. 1998. . Downloaded on 20 August 2007....
- Anogeissus dhofarica
Anogeissus dhofarica is a species of plant in the Combretaceae family. It is found in Oman and Yemen. It is threatened by habitat loss.-References:* Ghazanfar, S.A. 1998. . Downloaded on 20 August 2007....
- Anogeissus latifolia
Anogeissus latifolia is a species of small to medium-sized tree native to the India, Nepal, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka. Its common names are axlewood , bakli, dhau, dhawa, dhawra, or dhaora , takhian-nu , and raam .It is one of the most useful trees in India. Its leaves contain large amounts of tannin,...
- Anogeissus leiocarpus
Anogeissus leiocarpus is a tall evergreen tree native to savannas of Tropical Africa. It is the sole West African species of the genus Anogeissus, a genus otherwise distributed from tropical central and east Africa through tropical Southeast Asia. A...
- Anogeissus rotundifolia
- Anogeissus schimperi
- Anogeissus sericea