Anna Bugge
Encyclopedia
Anna Wicksell Bugge was a Norwegian
feminist. She helped found the debate society Skuld in high school. She was the chairman of The Norwegian Association for Women's Rights (January 1888 till June 1889) after the debate on morality brought on by Ragna Nielsen's resignation.
Bugge was in particular interested in concrete reforms; She was more occupied with the social and economic reasons for the suppression of women, rather than spiritual discussions on morality and codes of conduct. In articles from the NAWR
periodical Nylænde
, she emphasized women's economic independence as a necessity for their liberation. In spirit of this she was also occupied with education and organizing of women. She was one of the teachers in the "free education for women", which was initiated by other feminists. She held lectures on women's professional education and stressed that women should be allowed as apprentices in craftsmanship. In Nylænde, she spoke warm-heartedly about a pension fund
for housekeepers. Bugge participated actively promoting women's suffrage
, and in 1888 she traveled around in Norway as a member of the Kvindestemmeretsforening (Association for Women's Suffrage) to further promote this cause.
In 1889, Bugge married Knut Wicksell
and left Norway for Sweden
, her new husband's homeland. She became a Candidate of Law
at the University of Lund, Sweden, in 1911. As a result of her political work there, she became a member of the League of Nations
' permanent mandate commission in 1921, their first female member. She there represented Sweden as a diplomat.
Today, a street in Egersund
, Norway
, is named after her, "Buggebakken", and in Sweden
a memorial coin with her motif is in the planning.
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
feminist. She helped found the debate society Skuld in high school. She was the chairman of The Norwegian Association for Women's Rights (January 1888 till June 1889) after the debate on morality brought on by Ragna Nielsen's resignation.
Bugge was in particular interested in concrete reforms; She was more occupied with the social and economic reasons for the suppression of women, rather than spiritual discussions on morality and codes of conduct. In articles from the NAWR
The Norwegian Association for Women's Rights
The Norwegian Association for Women's Rights is a Norwegian organization advocating women's liberation and equality between the sexes, and is Norway's oldest feminist organization....
periodical Nylænde
Nylænde
Nylænde was a Norwegian feminist magazine, issued by the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights from 1887. Its first editor was Gina Krog, who edited the magazine from 1887 until her death in 1916. Fredrikke Mørck took over as editor from 1916...
, she emphasized women's economic independence as a necessity for their liberation. In spirit of this she was also occupied with education and organizing of women. She was one of the teachers in the "free education for women", which was initiated by other feminists. She held lectures on women's professional education and stressed that women should be allowed as apprentices in craftsmanship. In Nylænde, she spoke warm-heartedly about a pension fund
Pension
In general, a pension is an arrangement to provide people with an income when they are no longer earning a regular income from employment. Pensions should not be confused with severance pay; the former is paid in regular installments, while the latter is paid in one lump sum.The terms retirement...
for housekeepers. Bugge participated actively promoting women's suffrage
Women's suffrage
Women's suffrage or woman suffrage is the right of women to vote and to run for office. The expression is also used for the economic and political reform movement aimed at extending these rights to women and without any restrictions or qualifications such as property ownership, payment of tax, or...
, and in 1888 she traveled around in Norway as a member of the Kvindestemmeretsforening (Association for Women's Suffrage) to further promote this cause.
In 1889, Bugge married Knut Wicksell
Knut Wicksell
Johan Gustaf Knut Wicksell was a leading Swedish economist of the Stockholm school. His economic contributions would influence both the Keynesian and Austrian schools of economic thought....
and left Norway for Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, her new husband's homeland. She became a Candidate of Law
Candidate of Law
Candidate of Law is the degree awarded to jurists who have passed the law exam in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland after studying law for about 5–6 years....
at the University of Lund, Sweden, in 1911. As a result of her political work there, she became a member of the League of Nations
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first permanent international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace...
' permanent mandate commission in 1921, their first female member. She there represented Sweden as a diplomat.
Today, a street in Egersund
Egersund
The town of Egersund was established as a municipality January 1, 1838 . It was merged with the surrounding municipality of Eigersund January 1, 1965....
, Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
, is named after her, "Buggebakken", and in Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
a memorial coin with her motif is in the planning.