Andy McNab
Encyclopedia
Sergeant
Sergeant
Sergeant is a rank used in some form by most militaries, police forces, and other uniformed organizations around the world. Its origins are the Latin serviens, "one who serves", through the French term Sergent....

 ‘Andy McNab’ DCM
Distinguished Conduct Medal
The Distinguished Conduct Medal was an extremely high level award for bravery. It was a second level military decoration awarded to other ranks of the British Army and formerly also to non-commissioned personnel of other Commonwealth countries.The medal was instituted in 1854, during the Crimean...

 MM
Military Medal
The Military Medal was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other services, and formerly also to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land....

 (born 28 December 1959) is the pseudonym of an English novelist and former SAS
Special Air Service
Special Air Service or SAS is a corps of the British Army constituted on 31 May 1950. They are part of the United Kingdom Special Forces and have served as a model for the special forces of many other countries all over the world...

 operative and soldier.

McNab came into public prominence in 1993, when he published his account of the failed Special Air Service
Special Air Service
Special Air Service or SAS is a corps of the British Army constituted on 31 May 1950. They are part of the United Kingdom Special Forces and have served as a model for the special forces of many other countries all over the world...

 (SAS) patrol, Bravo Two Zero
Bravo Two Zero
Bravo Two Zero was the call sign of an eight-man British Army SAS patrol, deployed into Iraq during the First Gulf War in January 1991. According to one patrol member's account, the patrol were given the task of "gathering intelligence;.....

 for which he was awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal
Distinguished Conduct Medal
The Distinguished Conduct Medal was an extremely high level award for bravery. It was a second level military decoration awarded to other ranks of the British Army and formerly also to non-commissioned personnel of other Commonwealth countries.The medal was instituted in 1854, during the Crimean...

 in 1991. He had previously received the Military Medal
Military Medal
The Military Medal was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other services, and formerly also to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land....

 in 1980, awarded for an action whilst serving with the Royal Green Jackets
Royal Green Jackets
The Royal Green Jackets was an infantry regiment of the British Army, one of two "large regiments" within the Light Division .-History:...

 in Northern Ireland during 1979.

In addition to Bravo Two Zero he has written two other autobiographies and a number of fiction books.

Early life

McNab was born on 28 December 1959. Found abandoned on the steps of Guy's Hospital
Guy's Hospital
Guy's Hospital is a large NHS hospital in the borough of Southwark in south east London, England. It is administratively a part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust. It is a large teaching hospital and is home to the King's College London School of Medicine...

 in Southwark
London Borough of Southwark
The London Borough of Southwark is a London borough in south east London, England. It is directly south of the River Thames and the City of London, and forms part of Inner London.-History:...

, he was brought up in Peckham
Peckham
Peckham is a district in south London, England, located in the London Borough of Southwark. It is situated south-east of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London...

, with his adoptive family. He did not do well in school and started just doing odd jobs, usually for friends and relatives, and was partly inspired to join the British Army
British Army
The British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...

 because of his brother's time in the army.

He was involved in petty criminality until being arrested for burglary. In 1976, shortly after his arrest, he aspired to a career as an army pilot, but failed the entry test. In the same year, he enlisted with the Royal Green Jackets
Royal Green Jackets
The Royal Green Jackets was an infantry regiment of the British Army, one of two "large regiments" within the Light Division .-History:...

 at the age of sixteen.

Military career

After McNab enlisted in the Royal Green Jackets he was posted to Kent
Kent
Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...

 for his basic training, and boxed for his regimental team. After his basic training, he was posted to the Rifle Depot, in Winchester
Winchester
Winchester is a historic cathedral city and former capital city of England. It is the county town of Hampshire, in South East England. The city lies at the heart of the wider City of Winchester, a local government district, and is located at the western end of the South Downs, along the course of...

. In 1977, McNab spent time in Gibraltar
Gibraltar
Gibraltar is a British overseas territory located on the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula at the entrance of the Mediterranean. A peninsula with an area of , it has a northern border with Andalusia, Spain. The Rock of Gibraltar is the major landmark of the region...

 as part of his first operational posting, while with 2RGJ.

From December 1977 to June 1978, he was posted to South Armagh
South Armagh
South Armagh can refer to:*The southern part of County Armagh*South Armagh *South Armagh...

, Northern Ireland, as part of the British Army
British Army
The British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...

's 'Operation Banner
Operation Banner
Operation Banner was the operational name for the British Armed Forces' operation in Northern Ireland from August 1969 to July 2007. It was initially deployed at the request of the Unionist government of Northern Ireland to support the Royal Ulster Constabulary . After the 1998 Belfast Agreement,...

'. In 1978 and 1979, he returned to Armagh as a newly promoted Lance Corporal, and claimed to have killed for the first time during a firefight with the Provisional Irish Republican Army
Provisional Irish Republican Army
The Provisional Irish Republican Army is an Irish republican paramilitary organisation whose aim was to remove Northern Ireland from the United Kingdom and bring about a socialist republic within a united Ireland by force of arms and political persuasion...

. McNab wrote of the incident: "I remember vividly the first time I had to kill someone to stay alive. I was a 19-year-old soldier in Keady, south Armagh, and my patrol stumbled across six IRA terrorists preparing for an ambush. When the shooting started they were just 20 metres away from my patrol. I was scared, very scared." McNab was awarded the Military Medal
Military Medal
The Military Medal was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other services, and formerly also to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land....

 for this incident. However, security sources later claimed that the person McNab shot was only wounded and died as a result of injuries from a separate shootout later that day.

In 1982, after spending eight years with the Royal Green Jackets, he decided to attempt SAS selection
United Kingdom Special Forces Selection
United Kingdom Special Forces Selection is the selection and training process for members of the United Kingdom's three Special Forces formations: 22 Special Air Service, Special Boat Service, and Special Reconnaissance Regiment...

. Having failed his first attempt he finally passed in 1984, and transferred to the SAS. While serving with Air Troop, B Squadron, 22 SAS for ten years, McNab worked on both covert
Covert operation
A covert operation is a military, intelligence or law enforcement operation that is carried clandestinely and, often, outside of official channels. Covert operations aim to fulfill their mission objectives without any parties knowing who sponsored or carried out the operation...

 and overt operations worldwide, which included counter terrorism and drug operations in the Middle East and Far East, South
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

 and Central America and Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland is one of the four countries of the United Kingdom. Situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, it shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west...

. McNab trained as a specialist in counter terrorism, prime target elimination, demolitions, weapons, tactics, covert surveillance roles and information gathering in hostile environments, and VIP
Very Important Person
A Very Important Person, or VIP is a person who is accorded special privileges due to his or her status or importance.Examples include celebrities, heads of state/heads of government, major employers, high rollers, politicians, high-level corporate officers, wealthy individuals, or any other...

 protection. He worked on cooperative operations with police forces, prison services, anti-drug forces and Western backed guerrilla movements as well as on conventional special operations. In Northern Ireland, he spent two years working as an undercover operator with 14 Intelligence Company
14 Intelligence Company
14 Field Security and Intelligence Company is alleged to have been an element of the British Army Intelligence Corps which operated in Northern Ireland from the 1970s onwards. The unit conducted undercover surveillance operations against suspected members of Irish republican and loyalist...

, going on to become an instructor.

During the First Gulf War
Gulf War
The Persian Gulf War , commonly referred to as simply the Gulf War, was a war waged by a U.N.-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.The war is also known under other names, such as the First Gulf...

, McNab commanded Bravo Two Zero, an eight man SAS patrol that was given the task of destroying underground communication links between Baghdad
Baghdad
Baghdad is the capital of Iraq, as well as the coterminous Baghdad Governorate. The population of Baghdad in 2011 is approximately 7,216,040...

 and north-west Iraq
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....

 and with tracking Scud
Scud
Scud is a series of tactical ballistic missiles developed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War, and exported widely to other countries. The term comes from the NATO reporting name SS-1 Scud which was attached to the missile by Western intelligence agencies...

 missile movements in the region. The patrol was dropped into Iraq on 22 January 1991, but was soon compromised, escaping on foot towards Syria
Syria
Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....

, the closest coalition
Coalition of the Gulf War
The Coalition of the Gulf War were the countries officially opposed to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait during the 1990 / 1991 Persian Gulf War.-Coalition by number of military personnel:-United States:*Norman Schwarzkopf*Colin Powell*Calvin Waller...

 country.

Three of the eight men were killed; four were captured (including McNab) after three days on the run and one member, 'Chris Ryan
Chris Ryan
Sergeant ‘Chris Ryan’ MM is the pseudonym of a former British Special Forces operative and soldier turned novelist...

', escaped. The four captured men were held for six weeks before being released on 5 March. By the time he was released McNab was suffering from nerve damage
Nerve Damage
Nerve Damage is a compilation album by Groove Metal band Skinlab, released in 2004. It is a 2CD collection of rare and unreleased material, including a live set, demos, remixes, alternate mixes, and two new tracks.-Disc 1:# "Losing All" – 4:04...

 to both hands, a dislocated shoulder, kidney and liver damage and hepatitis B. After six months of medical treatment he was back on active service. In the words of the SAS's commanding officer, the story of the patrol "will remain in Regimental history forever".

Awarded both the Distinguished Conduct Medal
Distinguished Conduct Medal
The Distinguished Conduct Medal was an extremely high level award for bravery. It was a second level military decoration awarded to other ranks of the British Army and formerly also to non-commissioned personnel of other Commonwealth countries.The medal was instituted in 1854, during the Crimean...

 (DCM) and Military Medal
Military Medal
The Military Medal was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other services, and formerly also to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land....

 (MM) during his military career, McNab claims to have been the British Army's most highly decorated serving soldier when he left the SAS in February 1993.

Post military career

While writing Bravo Two Zero, McNab assumed his pseudonym. When he appears on television to promote his books or to act as a special services expert, his face is shadowed to prevent identification. As Larry King
Larry King
Lawrence Harvey "Larry" King is an American television and radio host whose work has been recognized with awards including two Peabodys and ten Cable ACE Awards....

 put it when McNab appeared on the Larry King Live
Larry King Live
Larry King Live is an American talk show hosted by Larry King on CNN from 1985 to 2010. It was CNN's most watched and longest-running program, with over one million viewers nightly....

show on CNN
CNN
Cable News Network is a U.S. cable news channel founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. Upon its launch, CNN was the first channel to provide 24-hour television news coverage, and the first all-news television channel in the United States...

: "We have Andy in shadows. He's wanted by terrorist groups." According to the book The Big Breach, by Richard Tomlinson
Richard Tomlinson
Richard Tomlinson is a New Zealand-born British former MI6 officer who was imprisoned during 1997 for violating the Official Secrets Act 1989 by giving the synopsis of a proposed book detailing his career in the Secret Intelligence Service to an Australian publisher...

, a renegade MI6 spy, McNab was part of a special training team after the Iraq war, training MI6 recruits in sabotage and guerrilla warfare
Guerrilla warfare
Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare and refers to conflicts in which a small group of combatants including, but not limited to, armed civilians use military tactics, such as ambushes, sabotage, raids, the element of surprise, and extraordinary mobility to harass a larger and...

 techniques.

Due to the extremely sensitive nature of his work while serving with the SAS, McNab has a legally binding contract obliging him to submit his writings to the British Ministry of Defence
Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is the United Kingdom government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and is the headquarters of the British Armed Forces....

 for review. He is still believed to be wanted by a number of the world's terrorist organisations; he therefore chooses not to reveal either his face or his current location.

After leaving the Army, McNab developed and maintained a specialist training course for news crews, journalists and members of non-governmental organisations working in hostile environments. He spent time in Hollywood as technical weapons advisor, and trainer on the Michael Mann
Michael Mann (film director)
Michael Kenneth Mann is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. For his work, he has received nominations from international organizations and juries, including those at the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, Cannes and the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences...

 film Heat, helping to engineer how the master-thief played by Robert De Niro
Robert De Niro
Robert De Niro, Jr. is an American actor, director and producer. His first major film roles were in Bang the Drum Slowly and Mean Streets, both in 1973...

 would go about pulling off robberies on an armoured car and a bank, and how policeman Al Pacino
Al Pacino
Alfredo James "Al" Pacino is an American film and stage actor and director. He is famous for playing mobsters, including Michael Corleone in The Godfather trilogy, Tony Montana in Scarface, Alphonse "Big Boy" Caprice in Dick Tracy and Carlito Brigante in Carlito's Way, though he has also appeared...

 would go about tracking him down and stopping him. He was also the technical advisor on the 2005 crime film Dirty
Dirty (film)
Dirty is a 2005 crime–drama film, directed by Chris Fisher. It stars Cuba Gooding, Jr. and Clifton Collins, Jr.. The film had a limited release in 2005.-Plot:...

.

In February 2007, McNab returned to Iraq for seven days as The Sun
The Sun (newspaper)
The Sun is a daily national tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom and owned by News Corporation. Sister editions are published in Glasgow and Dublin...

newspaper's security advisor with his old regiment the Royal Green Jackets. Here he researched the background for his new book, Crossfire.

McNab has written about his experiences in the SAS in three best-selling books, Bravo Two Zero (1993), Immediate Action
Immediate Action (book)
Immediate Action is a 1995 book written under the pseudonym 'Andy McNab'. It was the follow-up to the hugely successful Bravo Two Zero by the same author.-Premise:...

(1995) and Seven Troop
Seven Troop (book)
Seven Troop is a 2008 book written under the pseudonym 'Andy McNab'. It was the non-fiction follow up to the hugely successful Bravo Two Zero and Immediate Action by the same author.-Premise:...

(2008). Bravo Two Zero sold over 1.7 million copies, with Immediate Action selling 1.4 million in the UK. To date it has been published in 17 countries and translated into 16 languages. The CD spoken word version of Bravo Two Zero, narrated by McNab, sold over 60,000 copies and earned a silver disc. A BBC
BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation is a British public service broadcaster. Its headquarters is at Broadcasting House in the City of Westminster, London. It is the largest broadcaster in the world, with about 23,000 staff...

 film of Bravo Two Zero
Bravo Two Zero (film)
Bravo Two Zero is a 1999 two hour television miniseries , based on the book of the same name by Andy McNab. The film covers real life events - from the perspective of Andy McNab, patrol commander of Bravo Two Zero, a British SAS patrol , tasked to find Iraqi Scud missile launchers during the Gulf...

, starring Sean Bean
Sean Bean
Shaun Mark "Sean" Bean is an English film and stage actor. Bean is best known for playing Boromir in The Lord of the Rings Trilogy and, previously, British Colonel Richard Sharpe in the ITV television series Sharpe...

, was shown on prime time BBC One
BBC One
BBC One is the flagship television channel of the British Broadcasting Corporation in the United Kingdom. It was launched on 2 November 1936 as the BBC Television Service, and was the world's first regular television service with a high level of image resolution...

 television in 1999 and released on DVD in 2000. Immediate Action, McNab's autobiography, spent 18 weeks at the top of the best-seller lists following the lifting of an ex-parte injunction granted to the Ministry of Defence in September 1995.

Fiction writing

McNab is the author of a number of action thrillers.

A series of thirteen successful books are based on Nick Stone
Nick Stone (Andy McNab character)
Nick Stone is the main fictional character in a series of books written by Andy McNab, who is an ex-member of British Army regiment the SAS. Andy McNab has written about Nick Stone in thirteen different books...

 – an ex-SAS soldier working on deniable operations for British intelligence. The series draws extensively on McNab's experiences and knowledge of Special Forces soldiering. He has been officially registered by Nielsen BookScan
Nielsen BookScan
Nielsen BookScan is a data provider for the book publishing industry, owned by the Nielsen Company. BookScan compiles point of sale data for book sales.-History:...

 as a best-selling British thriller writer.
The Boy Soldier Series
Boy Soldier Series
Boy Soldier is a series of novels written by Andy McNab with the cooperation of Robert Rigby. It tells the story of a boy named Danny Watts and his grandfather Fergus, apparently a rogue ex-SAS soldier....

 was written with the cooperation of Robert Rigby
Robert Rigby
Robert Rigby is a musician, playwright and author.Rigby began his career as a journalist, then spent several years in the music business as a songwriter and session musician. In 1978 independent label Flight released a single by Robert and the Following year Fusion Records released Robert's "Let...

 and follows a boy named Danny Watts and his grandfather Fergus, apparently a rogue ex-SAS
Special Air Service
Special Air Service or SAS is a corps of the British Army constituted on 31 May 1950. They are part of the United Kingdom Special Forces and have served as a model for the special forces of many other countries all over the world...

 soldier.

Andy McNab has also written two books for Quick Reads, a charity that supports World Book day, "The Grey Man" and "Last Night Another Soldier". BBC raw words offers exclusive audio versions of the latest Quick Reads by Andy McNab Last Night Another Soldier read by Rupert Degas.

Film work

After working on the Miramax film, Heat, Miramax has acquired the film rights to the first four of McNab's novels, and Echelon is currently in production, based on the book Firewall McNab will co-produce and co-write the script and also act as technical adviser. According to McNab on his recent book signing tour, either Jason Statham or Tom Hardy will play the lead role of Nick Stone. He is also a current board-member of a private security company. In conjunction with Spoken Group Ltd, Andy McNab is pioneering spoken drama for download from the Internet and to mobile phones. These stories include real battle field sound effects. 'McNab' took part in E4's Big Brother: Celebrity Hijack
Big Brother: Celebrity Hijack
Big Brother: Celebrity Hijack was an E4 temporary replacement to Celebrity Big Brother, a spin-off series of the British reality television programme Big Brother, airing on E4, with a number of closely associated programmes also airing on the same channel...

on 13 January 2008.

Current

He now lives in Norfolk and lectures on security and military related topics, in both the US and the UK.

He is also a director of military service recruitment, mentoring and Foundation organisation, ForceSelect.

He worked with DICE on perfecting various situations involving techniques on gun fighting, stance and other war-related issues for Battlefield 3.

Non-fiction

  • Bravo Two Zero (1993)
  • Immediate Action
    Immediate Action (book)
    Immediate Action is a 1995 book written under the pseudonym 'Andy McNab'. It was the follow-up to the hugely successful Bravo Two Zero by the same author.-Premise:...

    (1995)
  • Seven Troop
    Seven Troop (book)
    Seven Troop is a 2008 book written under the pseudonym 'Andy McNab'. It was the non-fiction follow up to the hugely successful Bravo Two Zero and Immediate Action by the same author.-Premise:...

    (2008)
  • Spoken From The Front (2009)

Fiction

Nick Stone
Nick Stone (Andy McNab character)
Nick Stone is the main fictional character in a series of books written by Andy McNab, who is an ex-member of British Army regiment the SAS. Andy McNab has written about Nick Stone in thirteen different books...

 Missions
  • Remote Control (17 February 1998)
  • Crisis Four
    Crisis Four
    Crisis Four is a 1999 thriller novel by Andy McNab, that was on the Sunday Times bestseller for three and half months. This is the second novel in a series featuring fictional character Nick Stone, the book follows ex-British soldier Nick Stone as he discovers a plot to assassinate the leaders of...

    (22 August 2000)
  • Firewall
    Firewall (Andy McNab novel)
    Firewall is a novel written by the ex-SAS member turned author Andy McNab. Released in 2000 it is the third book written about the fictional character Nick Stone.- Synopsis :...

    (5 October 2000)
  • Last Light
    Last Light (novel)
    Last Light is a 2002 novel by Andy McNab. It is the fourth book in the Nick Stone adventures series. It was a number one bestseller.-Synopsis:...

     
    (1 October 2001)
  • Liberation Day
    Liberation Day (novel)
    Liberation Day is a 2003 novel by Andy McNab.It is the fifth book in the Nick Stone adventures series. It was a number one bestseller.-Synopsis:A Zodiac inflatable slips away from an Egyptian submarine off the North African Coast...

    (1 October 2002)
  • Dark Winter
    Dark Winter (novel)
    Dark Winter is a 2004 novel written by Andy McNab featuring the fictional character Nick Stone.- Plot introduction:Nick Stone's bosses get wind of an act of terror that will dwarf even the nightmare of 9/11. When Stone is despatched to Malaysia by the CIA to assassinate a biochemist, he expects his...

    (3 November 2003)
  • Deep Black
    Deep Black
    Deep Black is a 2004 novel written by Andy McNab featuring the fictional character Nick Stone.- Plot introduction:After running into an old friend whose life he saved 10 years earlier....

    (1 November 2004)
  • Aggressor
    Aggressor (novel)
    Aggressor is a 2005 novel written by Andy McNab featuring the fictional character Nick Stone.- Plot introduction:After visiting an old friend, Nick Stone finds himself thrown into the modern streets of Istanbul and catapulted into the world he believed he had left behind.-External links:*...

    (1 November 2005)
  • Recoil (6 November 2006)
  • Crossfire
    Crossfire (2007 novel)
    Crossfire is a 2007 novel by Andy McNab. It is the 10th book in the Nick Stone series. The paperback version was released on 5th Nov 2007.- Plot summary:...

    (12 November 2007)
  • Brute Force (3 November 2008)
  • Exit Wound (5 November 2009)
  • Zero Hour (25 November 2010)
  • Dead Centre (15 September 2011)


Boy Soldier Series
Boy Soldier Series
Boy Soldier is a series of novels written by Andy McNab with the cooperation of Robert Rigby. It tells the story of a boy named Danny Watts and his grandfather Fergus, apparently a rogue ex-SAS soldier....

(written with Robert Rigby
Robert Rigby
Robert Rigby is a musician, playwright and author.Rigby began his career as a journalist, then spent several years in the music business as a songwriter and session musician. In 1978 independent label Flight released a single by Robert and the Following year Fusion Records released Robert's "Let...

)
  • Boy Soldier (US title Traitor, 5 May 2005)
  • Traitor
  • Payback (6 October 2005)
  • Avenger (4 May 2006)
  • Meltdown (3 May 2007)


Quick Reads project
  • The Grey Man (8 May 2006)
  • Last Night Another Soldier (4 May 2010)


Audio Stories
  • Iraq Ambush (May 2007)
  • Royal Kidnap (June 2007)
  • Roadside Bomb (September 2007)
  • Sniper (TBA ?)


Dropzone Series
  • Dropzone Bk. 1 (February 2010)
  • Dropzone Bk. 2 – Terminal Velocity (March 2011)


Men at War Series (written with [Kym Jordan])
  • War Torn (13 May 2010)


Battlefield 3: The Russian (novel) (October 2011)

External links

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