Alvin P. Shapiro
Encyclopedia
Alvin P. Shapiro was an American physician
and professor
primarily at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
. Shapiro was the recipient of a Lasker Award
and was known for his research in hypertension, behavioral sciences
, and related diseases.
and residency
positions at Long Island College Hospital
, Brooklyn, Goldwater Memorial Hospital, New York City
, and Kings County Hospital. After training, he was an attending physician
at hospitals in Parkland, Virginia, and Pittsburgh as well as the Dallas Presbyterian University Hospital and Shadyside Hospital.
He held academic positions at the Cincinnati College
of Medicine from 1949 to 1951 and Southwestern Medical School, Texas, from 1951 - 1956. He was a member of the faculty of the School of Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh from 1956–1998, where he was successively Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, full Professor, and emeritus Professor.
Shapiro was a consultant for the American Medical Association
Council on Drugs; he was the Medical Letter of Drugs and Therapy in 1960 as well as a Fulbright visiting professor at the University of Utrecht. He chaired special projects such as a National Heart Institute study committee and the National Hypertension Study Policy Advisory Board from 1972 to 1982.
The American Psychosomatic Society established the Alvin P. Shapiro Award in 2001.
Physician
A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
and professor
Professor
A professor is a scholarly teacher; the precise meaning of the term varies by country. Literally, professor derives from Latin as a "person who professes" being usually an expert in arts or sciences; a teacher of high rank...
primarily at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine is a medical school located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. The School of Medicine is also known as Pitt Med, and is ranked as a “top medical school” by U.S. News & World Report in the publication's categories of research and primary care...
. Shapiro was the recipient of a Lasker Award
Lasker Award
The Lasker Awards have been awarded annually since 1946 to living persons who have made major contributions to medical science or who have performed public service on behalf of medicine. They are administered by the Lasker Foundation, founded by advertising pioneer Albert Lasker and his wife Mary...
and was known for his research in hypertension, behavioral sciences
Behavioural sciences
The term behavioural sciences encompasses all the disciplines that explore the activities of and interactions among organisms in the natural world. It involves the systematic analysis and investigation of human and animal behaviour through controlled and naturalistic observation, and disciplined...
, and related diseases.
Career
Shapiro held internIntern
Internship is a system of onthejob training for white-collar jobs, similar to an apprenticeship. Interns are usually college or university students, but they can also be high school students or post graduate adults seeking skills for a new career. They may also be as young as middle school or in...
and residency
Residency (medicine)
Residency is a stage of graduate medical training. A resident physician or resident is a person who has received a medical degree , Podiatric degree , Dental Degree and who practices...
positions at Long Island College Hospital
Long Island College Hospital
Long Island College Hospital is a teaching hospital situated at Hicks and Amity Streets in Cobble Hill section of Brooklyn, New York.Founded in 1858, the hospital has 506 beds. In 1860 it introduced the practice of bedside teaching and it later became the first U.S. hospital to use stethoscopes...
, Brooklyn, Goldwater Memorial Hospital, New York City
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
, and Kings County Hospital. After training, he was an attending physician
Attending physician
In the United States, an attending physician is a physician who has completed residency and practices medicine in a clinic or hospital, in the specialty learned during residency. An attending physician can supervise fellows, residents, and medical students...
at hospitals in Parkland, Virginia, and Pittsburgh as well as the Dallas Presbyterian University Hospital and Shadyside Hospital.
He held academic positions at the Cincinnati College
University of Cincinnati
The University of Cincinnati is a comprehensive public research university in Cincinnati, Ohio, and a part of the University System of Ohio....
of Medicine from 1949 to 1951 and Southwestern Medical School, Texas, from 1951 - 1956. He was a member of the faculty of the School of Medicine at the University of Pittsburgh from 1956–1998, where he was successively Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, full Professor, and emeritus Professor.
Shapiro was a consultant for the American Medical Association
American Medical Association
The American Medical Association , founded in 1847 and incorporated in 1897, is the largest association of medical doctors and medical students in the United States.-Scope and operations:...
Council on Drugs; he was the Medical Letter of Drugs and Therapy in 1960 as well as a Fulbright visiting professor at the University of Utrecht. He chaired special projects such as a National Heart Institute study committee and the National Hypertension Study Policy Advisory Board from 1972 to 1982.
Books
Sources:- Shapiro, A. P., & Waife, S. O. (1959). The clinical evaluation of new drugs. New York.
- Shapiro, A. P., Provoost, A. P., & De, J. W. (1977). Hypertension and brain mechanisms. Progress in brain research, v. 47. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.
- Shapiro, A. P., & Baum, A. (1991). Behavioral aspects of cardiovascular disease. Perspectives in behavioral medicine. Hillsdale, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates.
- Shapiro, A. P. (1996). Hypertension and stress: A unified concept. Mahwah, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Journals
Shapiro was the author of over 155 journal articles in respected medical journals, and associate editor of:- Psychosomatic Medicine, 1963–92
- Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Sci, 1990
Awards and recognition
- Co-recipient Alfred Lasker Special Public Health award, 1980
- Honored Member of Year, Minute Men of University of Pittsburgh, 1995
- Fellow American College of PhysiciansAmerican College of PhysiciansThe American College of Physicians is a national organization of doctors of internal medicine —physicians who specialize in the prevention, detection, and treatment of illnesses in adults. With 130,000 members, ACP is the largest medical-specialty organization and second-largest physician group in...
, American Association for the Advancement of ScienceAmerican Association for the Advancement of ScienceThe American Association for the Advancement of Science is an international non-profit organization with the stated goals of promoting cooperation among scientists, defending scientific freedom, encouraging scientific responsibility, and supporting scientific education and science outreach for the...
(elected fellow 1989) - member of:
- American Federation Clinical ResearchClinical trialClinical trials are a set of procedures in medical research and drug development that are conducted to allow safety and efficacy data to be collected for health interventions...
- American Psychosomatic Society (president 1975)
- American Medical Association, American Heart Association (medical advisory board council high blood pressureHypertensionHypertension or high blood pressure is a cardiac chronic medical condition in which the systemic arterial blood pressure is elevated. What that means is that the heart is having to work harder than it should to pump the blood around the body. Blood pressure involves two measurements, systolic and...
, council on circulation, council on epidemiology)
- American Federation Clinical Research
The American Psychosomatic Society established the Alvin P. Shapiro Award in 2001.