All-Palestine Government

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All-Palestine Government

The All-Palestine Government (Arabic: ????? ???? ?????? Hukumat 'umum Filastin) was established in Gaza

Gaza

Gaza is a Palestinian people city in the Gaza Strip, approximately southwest of Jerusalem, with a population of 410,000, making it the largest city under the control of the Palestinian National Authority....
by the Arab League

Arab League

The Arab League , officially called the League of Arab States , is a regional organization of Arab states in Southwest Asia, and North Africa and Horn of Africa....
on 22 September, 1948, during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War

1948 Arab-Israeli War

The 1948 Arab-Israeli War, known by the Israelis predominantly as War of Independence and War of Liberation , and by Palestinians as the Catastrophe , was the first in a series of wars fought between the Declaration of Independence State of Israel and its Arab neighbours in the long-running Arab-Israeli conflict....
. It arose in response to the failure of the Arab armies to prevent the incorporation of Palestinian land into the newly declared State of Israel, and the clear intentions of King Abdullah I

Abdullah I of Jordan

Abdullah I bin al-Hussein, King of Jordan was born in Mecca, Ottoman Empire, as ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????, to Sherif Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, later King of Hejaz, and his first wife Abdiya bint Abdullah....
of Transjordan

Transjordan

Annex

An annex is a building that is an addition to another building.Annex or Annexe may also refer to:* Annexation, the incorporation of territory into another geo-political entity...
the West Bank

West Bank

The West Bank is the eastern Part of the Palestinian territories on the west bank of the River Jordan in the Middle East. To the west, north, and south the West Bank shares borders with the state of Israel....
. As such, it was the first attempt to establish a Palestinian state.

On October 1 1948, an independent Palestinian state in all of Palestine

Palestine

Palestine is a name which has been widely used since Roman times to refer to the region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River. It is derived from a name used already much earlier for a narrower geographical region, mainly along the coastal region....
was declared, with Jerusalem

Jerusalem

Jerusalem is the capital of Israel and its List of Israeli cities in both population and area, with a population of 747,600 residents over an area of if Positions on Jerusalem East Jerusalem is included....
as its capital.

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Encyclopedia

The All-Palestine Government (Arabic: ????? ???? ?????? Hukumat 'umum Filastin) was established in Gaza

Gaza

Arab League

1948 Arab-Israeli War

Abdullah I of Jordan

Transjordan

Annex

West Bank

The West Bank is the eastern Part of the Palestinian territories on the west bank of the River Jordan in the Middle East. To the west, north, and south the West Bank shares borders with the state of Israel....
. As such, it was the first attempt to establish a Palestinian state.

On October 1 1948, an independent Palestinian state in all of Palestine

Palestine

Jerusalem

Prime minister

A prime minister is the most senior minister of Cabinet in the Executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. The position is usually held by, but need not always be held by, a politician....
was Ahmed Hilmi Abd al-Baqi and the Foreign Minister was Jamal al-Husayni

Jamal al-Husayni

Jamal al-Husayni , , was born in Jerusalem and was a member of the influential Husayni family.Husayni served as Secretary of the Palestinian Arab Action Committee and the Muslim Supreme Council....
. The All-Palestine Government formally adopted the Flag of Palestine that had been used by Palestinian nationalists since 1917. The state was recognized by Egypt

Egypt

Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
, Syria

Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north....
, Lebanon

Lebanon

Lebanon , officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic , is a country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea....
, Iraq

Iraq

Iraq , officially the Republic of Iraq , is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros Mountains, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
, Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA , is an Arab country and the largest country of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Jordan on the northwest, Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south....
, and Yemen

Yemen

Yemen , officially the Republic of Yemen is an Arab country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. Yemen has an estimated population of more than 23 million people and is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the North, the Red Sea to the West, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the South, and Oman to the east....
, but not by Transjordan

Transjordan

The Emirate of Transjordan was a former Ottoman Empire territory incorporated into the British Mandate of Palestine in 1921 as an autonomous political division under Abdullah I of Jordan....
or any non-Arab country.

Despite its lofty goals, the All-Palestine Government proved to be deeply ineffectual. The Palestinians, and the Arab World

Arab world

The Arab World refers to Arabic-speaking countries stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the Horn of Africa and the Indian Ocean in the southeast....
in general, were shocked by the speed and extent of the Israeli victories, and the ill-preparedness of the Arab armies, who were poorly equipped. This, combined with the expansionist designs of King Abdullah, cast the Palestinian leadership into disarray. As such, Egypt

Egypt

The decision to form the Government of All-Palestine in Gaza, and the feeble attempt to create armed forces under its control, furnished the members of the Arab League with the means of divesting themselves of direct responsibility for the prosecution of the war and of withdrawing their armies from Palestine with some protection against popular outcry. Whatever the long-term future of the Arab government of Palestine, its immediate purpose, as conceived by its Egyptian sponsors, was to provide a focal point of opposition to Abdullah
Abdullah I of Jordan

Abdullah I bin al-Hussein, King of Jordan was born in Mecca, Ottoman Empire, as ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????, to Sherif Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, later King of Hejaz, and his first wife Abdiya bint Abdullah....
and serve as an instrument for frustrating his ambition to federate the Arab regions with Transjordan. (Shlaim, 2001, p. 97)

After the 1949 Armistice Agreements

1949 Armistice Agreements

The 1949 Armistice Agreements are a set of agreements signed during 1949 between Israel and neighboring Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, and Syria. The agreements ended the official hostilities of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, and established armistice lines between Israel and the Jordanian-held West Bank, also known as the Green Line . The United...
which ended the war, the Gaza Strip

Gaza Strip

The Gaza Strip is a coastal strip of land along the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Egypt on the south-west and Israel on the south, east and north....
was the only area of Palestine under the sovereignty of the All-Palestine Government (78% of the British Mandate of Palestine had been seized by Israel, and the West Bank

West Bank

The West Bank is the eastern Part of the Palestinian territories on the west bank of the River Jordan in the Middle East. To the west, north, and south the West Bank shares borders with the state of Israel....
was soon to be annexed by Transjordan). In effect, the territory was under direct Egyptian administration, though Egypt never laid any claim to or annexed any Palestinian territory. Palestinians living in the Gaza Strip and Egypt were issued All-Palestine passports.

After the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 and the rise to power of Gamal Abdel Nasser

Gamal Abdel Nasser

Israel

Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....
invaded the Gaza Strip and the Egyptian Sinai Peninsula

Sinai Peninsula

The Sinai Peninsula or Sinai is a triangular peninsula in Egypt. It lies between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, forming a land bridge between Africa and Southwest Asia....
, was partially an attempt by Israel to definitively crush the Palestinian fedayeen
Fedayeen

Fedayeen is a term used to describe several distinct, militant groups and individuals in Armenia, Iran and the Arab world at different times in history....
of Gaza. Israel was later forced to withdraw from the territory it has invaded, and the All-Palestine Government continued to have official sovereignty in Gaza. The legal fiction of this situation was finally ended after the 1958 unification of Egypt and Syria

Syria

United Arab Republic

The United Arab Republic , often abbreviated as the U.A.R., was a union between Egypt and Syria. The union began in 1958 and existed until 1961 when Syria seceded from the union....
(UAR). The UAR President, Gamal Abdel Nasser

Gamal Abdel Nasser

Gamal Abdel Nasser was the second President of Egypt from 1956 until his death in 1970. Along with Muhammad Naguib, he led the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, which removed Farouk of Egypt and heralded a new period of industrialization in Egypt, together with a profound advancement of Arab nationalism, including a short-lived United Arab Republ...
, reasoned that the All-Palestine Government had failed to successfully advance the Palestinian cause, and officially annulled the All-Palestine government by decree in 1959. From then until Israel's capture of the Gaza Strip in the Six Day War of 1967, the territory would be directly governed by the UAR (Egypt retained the official name of the republic even after the end of the union with Syria in 1961).