Location of Aligarh
in Uttar PradeshUttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
and IndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
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CoordinatesA geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on the Earth to be specified by a set of numbers. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represent vertical position, and two or three of the numbers represent horizontal position...
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http://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Aligarh,_India¶ms=27.88_N_78.08_E_type:city(967732)_region:IN-UP_27°53′N 78°05′E / 27.88°N 78.08°E / 27.88; 78.08]CoordinatesA geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on the Earth to be specified by a set of numbers. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represent vertical position, and two or three of the numbers represent horizontal position...
: http://toolserver.org/~geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Aligarh,_India¶ms=27.88_N_78.08_E_type:city(967732)_region:IN-UP_27°53′N 78°05′E / 27.88°N 78.08°E / 27.88; 78.08]
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IndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
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StateIndia is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
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Uttar PradeshUttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
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DivisionThe Indian state of Uttar Pradesh borders with Nepal and the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttarakhand and National Capital Territory of Delhi. The Himalayas lies in the north of the state and the Deccan Plateau is at the south...
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AligarhAligarh division is an administrative unit of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Aligarh division consists of:-*Aligarh District*Etah District*Mahamayanagar District*Kanshiram Nagar District-See also:Districts of Uttar Pradesh...
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District(s)A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. Districts are further subdivided, in some cases into Sub-Divisions, and otherwise directly into tehsils or talukas.District officials include:...
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AligarhAligarh District is a district in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Its district seat is located in the city of Aligarh .The Aligarh District belongs to Aligarh Division...
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Population
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967,732 (2001[//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aligarh,_India&action=edit [update]])
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ISTIndian Standard Time is the time observed throughout India and Sri Lanka, with a time offset of UTC+05:30. India does not observe daylight saving time or other seasonal adjustments, although DST was used briefly during the Sino–Indian War of 1962 and the Indo–Pakistani Wars of 1965 and 1971...
(UTC+05:30)
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AreaThe geography of India describes the physical features of India, a country in South Asia, that lies entirely on the Indian Plate in the northern portion of the Indo-Australian Plate. The country lies to the north of the equator between 8°4' and 37°6' north latitude and 68°7' and 97°25' east...
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ElevationThe term above mean sea level refers to the elevation or altitude of any object, relative to the average sea level datum. AMSL is used extensively in radio by engineers to determine the coverage area a station will be able to reach...
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178 metres (584 ft)
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Codes
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Aligarh({{Audio|Aligarh.ogg|pronunciation}}, {{lang-hi|अलीगढ़}}, {{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|علی گڑھ}}}}) is a city in the northern
IndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
n
stateIndia is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
of
Uttar PradeshUttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
. The city is located about 90 miles (144.8 km) southeast of
New DelhiNew Delhi is the capital city of India. It serves as the centre of the Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is situated within the metropolis of Delhi. It is one of the nine districts of Delhi Union Territory. The total area of the city is...
. It is the administrative headquarter of
Aligarh DistrictAligarh District is a district in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Its district seat is located in the city of Aligarh .The Aligarh District belongs to Aligarh Division...
, Aligarh Police Range and
Aligarh DivisionAligarh division is an administrative unit of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Aligarh division consists of:-*Aligarh District*Etah District*Mahamayanagar District*Kanshiram Nagar District-See also:Districts of Uttar Pradesh...
. It has a population of one million. It is mostly known as a
university town where the famous
Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh Muslim University ,is a residential academic university, established in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan as Mohammedan Angelo-Oriental College and later granted the status of Central University by an Act of the Indian Parliament in 1920...
is located. It is known as the
Mecca of Education. Several intellectuals have been associated with this university. Sir
Muhammad IqbalSir Muhammad Iqbal , commonly referred to as Allama Iqbal , was a poet and philosopher born in Sialkot, then in the Punjab Province of British India, now in Pakistan...
was the most famous one who is also regarded as one of the founding fathers of
PakistanPakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
. It is also a historically famous for its lock industry and called the
City of Locks in local vernacular.
History
Before 18th century Aligarh was known as Kol or Koil. The name Kol covered not only the city but the entire district, though its geographical limits kept changing from time to time. The origin of the name is obscure. In some ancient texts, Kol has been referred in the sense of a tribe or caste, name of a place or mountain and name of a sage or demon. From the study of the place-name of the district, it appears that the district was once fairly well covered by forest, thickets and groves. The early history of the district, through the 12th century A.D is obscure.
According to Edwin T. Atkinson, the name Kol was given to the city by Balarama, who slew here the great Asura (demon) Kol and with the assistance of the Ahirs subdued this part of the
DoabA Doab is a term used in India and Pakistan for a "tongue" or tract of land lying between two confluent rivers...
. In another account, Atkinson point out a "legend" that Kol was founded by the Dor tribe of Rajputs in 372 A.D. This could be further confirmed by an old fort, the Dor fortress, now in ruins, which lies at the city's centre.
Some time before the Muslim invasion, Kol was held by the Dor Rajputs and in the time of
Mahmud of GhazniMahmud of Ghazni , actually ', was the most prominent ruler of the Ghaznavid dynasty who ruled from 997 until his death in 1030 in the eastern Iranian lands. Mahmud turned the former provincial city of Ghazni into the wealthy capital of an extensive empire which covered most of today's Iran,...
the chief of the Dors was Hardatta of Baran. There is a reason to believe that once Kol was the seat of a Buddhist community as statues of Buddha and other Buddhist remains have been found in excavations made in the eminence on which the citadel of Koil stood. It also had Hindu remains indicating that in all probability the citadel contained in succession a Buddhist and a Hindu temple.
In 1194 AD, Qutb-ud-din Aibak marched from Delhi to Kol which was "one of the most celebrated fortresses of Hind". Qutb-ud-din Aibak appointed Hisam-ud-din Ulbak as the first Muslim governor of Koil.
Koil is also mentioned in
Ibn BattutaAbu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Battuta , or simply Ibn Battuta, also known as Shams ad–Din , was a Muslim Moroccan Berber explorer, known for his extensive travels published in the Rihla...
's
RihlaRihla is a medieval book which recounts the journey of the 14th-century Berber Moroccan scholar and traveler Ibn Battuta.The oeuvre was written by Ibn Juzayy after he was commissioned by the Marinid Sultan Abu Inan who was impressed by the story and journey of Ibn Battuta.The term Rihla is a...
, when Ibn Battuta along with 15 ambassadors representing Ukhaantu Khan, the Mongol Emperor of the Yuan dynasty in
ChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, traveled to Kol city en route to the coast at Cambay (in Gujarat) in 1341. According to Ibn Battuta, it would appear that the district was then in a very disturbed state since the escort of the Emperor's embassy had to assist in relieving
JalaliJalali is a town and a nagar panchayat in Aligarh district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.-Geography:Jalali is located at . It has an average elevation of 178 metres .- History :...
from an attacking body of Hindus and lost one of their officers in the fight. Ibn Batuta calls Kol "a fine town surrounded by mango groves". From these same groves the environs of Kol would appear to have acquired the name of Sabzabad or "the green country".
In the region of Akbar, Kol was made a Sirkar and included the
dasturs of Marahra, Kol ba Haveli, Thana Farida and Akbarabad. Both Akbar and
JahangirJahangir was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from 1605 until his death. The name Jahangir is from Persian جهانگیر,meaning "Conqueror of the World"...
visited Kol on hunting expeditions. Jahangir clearly mentions the forest of Kol, where he killed wolves.
During the time of
Ibrahim LodhiIbrahim Lodi was one of the ruler of the Lodi dynasty who became the last Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate in India. He was an Afghan who ruled over much of northern India from 1517 to 1526, when he was defeated by Babur's army.Lodi attained the throne upon the death of his father, Sikandar Lodi,...
, Muhammad, son of Umar was the governor of Kol, built a fort at Kol and named the city after his own name as Muhammadgarh in 1524–25; and Sabit Khan who was the governor of this region during the time of Farrukh Siyar and Muhammad Shah, rebuilt the old Lodi fort and named the town after his own name Sabitgarh. The ruler of Koil was Bargujar King Rao Bahadur Singh whose ancestors ruled it from A.D 1184 after the marriage of Raja of Koil Ajit Singh's daughter to Raja Pratp Singh Bargujar. In early 1753, the Bargujar Chief rose against the destruction of Hindu temples. The Jat ruler Surajmal in 1753, with patronage from Jai Singh of Jaipur and the Muslim army occupied the fort of Koil, the Bargujar Raja Bahadur Singh continued the battle from another fort under them and died fighting in what he is known as the "Battle of Ghasera". All the women committed Jauhar. It was re-named Ramgarh and finally, when a Shia commander,
Najaf KhanMirza Najaf Khan was a Persian adventurer in the court of Mughal emperor Shah Alam II. He had royal lineage, having been a Safavi prince, when that dynasty was deposed by Nader Shah in 1735. He came to India around 1740 and may even have come a year earlier with the Afsharids. His sister married...
, captured Kol, he gave it its present name of Aligarh.
Aligarh FortAligarh Fort one of the strongest forts in India, is located in the city of Aligarh , Uttar Pradesh. It is also called "Aligarh Qila"...
(also called Aligarh Qila), as it stands today, was built by French engineers under the control of French officers
Benoît de BoigneBenoît Leborgne , better known as Count Benoît de Boigne or General Count de Boigne, was a military adventurer from the Alps of French Savoy, who made his fortune and name in India...
and
PerronPierre Cuillier-Perron , French military adventurer in India, whose name was originally Pierre Cuillier, was born at Luceau near Château-du-Loir in France, the son of a cloth merchant....
.
Battle of Aligarh (1803)
The Battle of Aligarh was fought on 1 September 1803 during the
Second Anglo-Maratha WarThe Second Anglo-Maratha War was the second conflict between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India.-Background:...
(1803–1805) at
Aligarh FortAligarh Fort one of the strongest forts in India, is located in the city of Aligarh , Uttar Pradesh. It is also called "Aligarh Qila"...
. The British
76th RegimentThe 76th Regiment of Foot was originally raised as Lord Harcourt's Regiment on 17 November 1745 and disbanded in June 1746. Following the loss of Minorca to the French, it was raised again in November 1756 as the 61st Regiment, but renumbered to 76th, by General Order in 1758, and again disbanded...
, now known as the
Duke of Wellington's RegimentThe Duke of Wellington's Regiment was an infantry regiment of the British Army, forming part of the King's Division.In 1702 Colonel George Hastings, 8th Earl of Huntingdon, was authorised to raise a new regiment, which he did in and around the city of Gloucester. As was the custom in those days...
laid siege of the fort which was under first-rate French officer
PerronPierre Cuillier-Perron , French military adventurer in India, whose name was originally Pierre Cuillier, was born at Luceau near Château-du-Loir in France, the son of a cloth merchant....
and established British rule after overtaking the fort. In 1804, the Aligarh district was formed by the union of the second, third and fourth British divisions with the addition of Anupshahr from Moradabad and Sikandra Rao from Etawa. On 1 August 1804, Mr
Claude RussellClaude Russell was the first Collector of Aligarh District. He was appointed on 1 August 1804. Prior to this, he was Governor General's Agent at Farukhabad and was directed to distribute the conquered territory into British divisions.-References:...
was appointed the first Collector of the new district.
Establishment of Aligarh Muslim University (1875)
{{Main|Aligarh Muslim University}}
In 1875, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan founded the Muhammadan Anglo Oriental College in Aligarh and patterned the college after Oxford and Cambridge universities that he had visited on a trip to
EnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
. This later became
Aligarh Muslim University in 1920.
Geography
Aligarh is located at the coordinates 27.88°N 78.08°E. It has an elevation of 178 metres (587 feet) approximately. The city is situated in the middle portion of Doab, or the land between the
GangesThe Ganges or Ganga, , is a trans-boundary river of India and Bangladesh. The river rises in the western Himalayas in the Indian state of Uttarakhand, and flows south and east through the Gangetic Plain of North India into Bangladesh, where it empties into the Bay of Bengal. By discharge it...
and Yamuna Rivers. The Grand Trunk Road passes through the city.
Neighborhoods
Its neighborhoods included Pilakhana, Tajpur Rasulpur, Somna, Gabhana, Bhankari Khas, Noorpur, Mangarhi, Gorai, Sidarmain, Kasimpur Powerhouse colony, Mainath, Nagliya, Khair, Vijaygarh, Gonda, Bhartari, Kanhoi and Chamed.
Climate
{{climate chart|Aligarh
|7|21|15
|9|24|14
|14|30|7
|20|37|5
|25|40|13
|27|39|48
|26|34|230
|25|32|235
|24|33|144
|19|32|48
|12|28|2
|8|22|7
|source=
IMD
|float=right
|clear=both
}}
Aligarh has a monsoon influenced
humid subtropical climateA humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...
, typical of north-central India. Summers start in April are hot with temperatures peaking in May. Average temperatures range between 28–33 °C (82.4–91.4 F). The monsoon starts in late June, continuing till early October, with high humidity levels. Aligarh gets most of its annual rainfall of 800 millimetres (31.5 in) during these months. Temperatures then decrease, and winter starts in December, and continues till early February. Temperatures range between 12–16 °C (53.6–60.8 F). Winters in Aligarh are generally mild, but fog and cold snaps may occur.
Demographics
As of the census of 2001,
Aligarh had a population of 1167732 approx. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Aligarh has an average literacy rate of 71%, higher than the national average of 65.4%, with 79% of the males and 21% of females literate. 16% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Economy
The city is an agricultural trade centre. The processing of agricultural products and manufacturing are also important.
Aligarh has always been an important business centre of Uttar Pradesh which is most famous for its
locksA lock is a mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical object or secret information , or combination of more than one of these....
industry. The locks that are produced in Aligarh are exported to different parts of the world. In 1870, Johnson & Co. was the first English locks firm to be set up in Aligarh. In 1890, Johnson & Co. initiated the manual production of locks on a small scale here.
Being a railroad junction, Aligarh has developed into a commercial centre of an agricultural region which produces wheat, sugarcane, cotton, corn, barley, potato, guava and millet. In addition to the lock industry, the other industries of Aligarh include flour milling, processing of raw cotton and manufacture of butter, thermometer and glass.
Aligarh is also famous for its brass hardware and sculptures. Today, the city holds thousands of manufacturers, exporters and suppliers involved in the brass, bronze, iron and aluminium industries.
There is a thermal power station 15 km away from the city. It is called Harduaganj Thermal Power Station (also referred as Kasimpur Power House). A nuclear power station,
Narora Atomic Power StationNarora Atomic Power Station is located in Bulandshahar District in Uttar Pradesh, India.-Description:Commercial operation of unit 1 began on January 1, 1991. Unit 2 began commercial operation on July 1, 1992. Each unit has a capacity of 220 MWe. The plant is situated on the bank of the river...
is located 50 km away from Aligarh.
Despite its proximity to two large power stations, frequent power cuts are normal in Aligarh. They are not just frequent but more than enough to creat havoc. Now the situation is like that people are trying to generate their own power using generators and invertors. It is not uncommon in the summers to have 10 hours or more of power cuts every day.
Aligarh also boasts of a Heinz-sauce manufacturing unit in Manzurgarhi (around 15 km from Aligarh). Aligarh is also popular for its sugar factory, Satha sugar factory is just 12 km far from the centre of city. Satha sugar factory is located at Aligarh Kasimpur route. On this route one Cement factory is also on its way.
Industry
Everything is better in Aligarh City. But Our government did not do any opportunity for groth. So no more organization in aligarh. If we want to make batter cacier for our childrens. Then we wants to change our Environment.
Aligarh City is famous as an industrial city. It is also known as Taala Nagari (Locks City of India). The second Largest Lock Manufacturer of Locks in India Link Locks is based in the City. An approximation puts the total number of industries at 25,000 which constitute of both Small scale & Large Scale Industries. Aligarh is having a boom in the construction business at this point of time, many new multi level buildings, shopping complexes and apartments have come up. Many malls are recently being constructed by major developers from Delhi & Aligarh. Malls in the city include Great Shopping Mall at Ramghat Road, Many more are under construction like The Landmark Houseking Locks at Upper Fort, Mall at Marris Road, Sharda Mall at Center Point, Ozone Mall at Ring Road, Great Value Mall at Ramghat Road.
There are many popular showrooms of several internationally known clothing and sports brands in Aligarh. Uttar Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation (UPSIDC) has developed Taala Nagri Industrial Area at Ramghat Road.
There are three Industrial Areas like Industrial Estate, Pala Road and Taala Nagari. Ahlampur Industrial Area has been proposed by UPSIDC at Delhi G.T Road. Dakshinanchal Vidyut Vitran Nigam Ltd. provides unrestricted power at Taala Nagari.
Aligarh is amongst the largest manufacturers and suppliers of
lockA lock is a mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical object or secret information , or combination of more than one of these....
s and hardware goods in India and is also one of the largest manufacturers of brass fittings. It also a manufacturer of plastic and iron toy pistols, handcuffs, belts, badges for schools and government supply. It also has an artware and sculpture products Industry. It supplies products all over the world. Brass market of Aligarh is one of the largest in India, which employs thousands of skilled laborers. About 100 tonnes of brass and 50 tonnes of zinc is processed daily. Iron, aluminum, bronze, and zinc products are also manufactured in the city.
Aligarh is also a bulk producer of zinc die cast parts by hot chamber die casting process. These products are consumed in low end domestic market. Consumption of Zinc alloy in Aligarh is more than the consumption of zinc alloy in rest of India. Indian Die Casting Industries in Sasni Gate Area on main Agra Road is 40 year old, most famous and reliable company which produces high quality parts with international standards.
Aligarh also has automobile parts industries which supply their products in India and abroad. It has four fruit ripening plants which ripens/preserves fruits, dry fruits and vegetables.
Education
]
{{Cleanup-list|date=July 2011}}
There are two universities in Aligarh,
Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh Muslim University ,is a residential academic university, established in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan as Mohammedan Angelo-Oriental College and later granted the status of Central University by an Act of the Indian Parliament in 1920...
, a central university established in 1875 and Mangalayatan University, a private university established 2006.
Other notable institutes include (in alphabetical order):
- A.M.U City High School
- Al-Barkaat Public School (10+2)
- Albarkat Institute Of Management (Anoop Shehar Road)
- Aligarh College Of Engineering & Technology (Acet)
- Aligarh College Of Engineering And Management (Acem)
- Aligarh Public School
Aligarh Public School is a private secondary school located in Aligarh, UP, India. It covers kindergarten through High School . Although not affiliated with the Aligarh Muslim University, but due to its proximity to the university, many of its students enter the Aligarh Muslim University....
- Aligarh Unani and Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital
- Ayesha Tarin Modern Public School(+2), P.O. CDF
- Blue Bird Senior Secondary School
- Chauhan Indravai Inter Collage
- D.S. Degree College
- Dayanand saraswati vidhya mandir kasimpur Aligarh
- Dazzling Public School
- Delhi Public School
Delhi Public School may refer to the following:* Delhi Public School Society, an umbrella organization for 95 private schools in India and other countries including:** Delhi Public School, Bangalore** Delhi Public School, Bathinda...
{{Disambiguation needed|date=June 2011}}
- Eurokids Aligarh
- Firdaus Public School
- Gagan Public Senior Secondary School
- H.B. Inter College
- Hare Krishna Public School
- Heritage International School
- Hiralal Barahseni Inter College.
- Indian Institute Of Medical Representative (Iimr)
- Indira Gandhi College of Management and Technology (IGCMT)
- Ingraham Institute
- Institute Of Information Management Technology (Iimt)
- Iqra Public School
- Jagdish Bal Mandir, Rajendra Nagar
- Jagran Public School, Mathura Road
- K.B.R Educational Academy
- Krishna International School
- Neel Giri Inter College, Agra Road
- Our Lady of Fatima Secondary School
Our Lady of Fatima Higher Secondary School is a Catholic school in Aligarh, India, affiliated to the Indian Central Board of Secondary Education board. It is located at Ramghat road, Aligarh....
- Raghuveer Bal Mandir
- Raghuveer Sahay Inter Collage
- S.M.B. Inter College, Ram Ghat Road, Aligarh
- S.T.High School (Minto Circle
Minto Circle, officially Syedna Tahir Saifuddin High School , is a semi-residential high school under Aligarh Muslim University at Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. The school was established as "Mohammedan Anglo Oriental Collegiate School" by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in 1875, which later evolved as...
)
- Saraswati Vidhya Mandir, Mathura Road, Asana Ajeetpur Aligarh.
- Saraswati Vidya Mandir, Gonda Mod, Khair Road, Aligarh
- Senior Secondary School, AMU for Boys & Girls
- Shivadan Singh Institute of Technology and Management (SSITM)
- Shri Varshney College, Aligarh.
- Sri Sai Ayurvedic College
- St. Fidelis Senior Secondary School, Ramghat road, Aligarh
- T.R. Girls College
- Taameer-E-Millat Islamia School, Dodhpur
- Three Dots Senior Secondary School
- Vans Infotech, Ramghat road, Aligarh
- Wisdom Public Sr. Sec. School, Ramghat Road, Aligarh.
- Zakir Hussain Sr Sec School
Important places
There are two popular landmarks in Aligarh. One is
Aligarh fortAligarh Fort one of the strongest forts in India, is located in the city of Aligarh , Uttar Pradesh. It is also called "Aligarh Qila"...
and another is
Sir Syed MasjidSir Syed Masjid is located in the heart of Aligarh Muslim University campus. Standing against the university's cricket ground, it poses a striking view for the onlookers. It is located inside Sir Syed Hall. The tomb of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan is also enclosed within the walls of the mosque...
in
Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh Muslim University ,is a residential academic university, established in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan as Mohammedan Angelo-Oriental College and later granted the status of Central University by an Act of the Indian Parliament in 1920...
's campus. Another old fort, the Dor fortress (1524), now in ruins, lies at the city's centre; its site is located in the area now called
Upper Kot and is occupied by an 18th-century mosque. The city also contains tombs of Muslim saints.
Aligarh has a very renowned tomb (Baba Barchi) at Kath Pula. One famous Jainism Teerth Dhaam "Mangalayatan Teerth Dhaam" has been built at Agra Road. Another old Jain temple with fresco painted ceilings is located behind Khirni Gate Police Chowky at Agra Road in the main City.
"
Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and SciencesIbn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences is one of the Indian NGOs, which is registered under the Indian Trusts Act, 1882. Mohammad Hamid Ansari, former vice-chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, formally inaugurated it on April 21, 2001...
". at Tijara House is another site-seeing place where one can see a huge library on
history of medicineAll human societies have medical beliefs that provide explanations for birth, death, and disease. Throughout history, illness has been attributed to witchcraft, demons, astral influence, or the will of the gods...
and
history of scienceThe history of science is the study of the historical development of human understandings of the natural world and the domains of the social sciences....
. and a museum on Indian heritage and culture. It was built by a
UnaniUnani-tibb or Unani Medicine also spelled Yunani Medicine means "Greek Medicine", and is a form of traditional medicine widely practiced in South Asia...
Physician and philanthropist
Hakim Syed Zillur RahmanHakim Syed Zillur Rahman , is well known for his contribution to Unani medicine. He founded Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences in 2000...
.
The Annual Cultural Exhibition, popularly known as
Numaish, held at the Exhibition ground is held in January and February. Aligarh is also famous for Sherwanis, especially the Mehndi Hasan's shop reportedly frequented by former Prime Minister of India Pandit Nehru.
Aligarh also known for city of temples Main temples in two parts one old aligarh based Gilahraaj ji ( Hanumaan Ji ) in Achal Taal, Khereshwar Temple ( Lord Shiva ) on Khair road near Nanda Bridge, Sai Baba Mandir Sarsoul & ITI. Road, Shri Varshney Mandir, Near Varshney College G.T. Road, Maa Kamkhya Mandir Behind Grand Melrose G.T. Road, Nou devi Mandir Nourangabaad, Balaji Temple in Tala Nagari, Ramghat Road, & Many More....
There are few churches in Aligarh. Quite famous are Church Of Ascension, Christ Church and The Methodist Church.
Pan wali kothi established by ghalib (ref ?)
Markets
Some of the more famous markets of Aligarh include the Center Point Market, Railway Road market, Shamshad market, Mahavir Ganj, Upper Fort (known as Uppar Kot),Tasveer Mahal and Amir Nisha. Center Point Market is the best place for shopping for brand freaks. All major brand outlets are in the vicinity of this market. Recently, brands like Adidas, Puma have opened their outlets here. Railway Road and Amir Nisha markets are the major shopping hubs with a variety of clothes, cosmetics, jewellery and footwear being sold. Shamshad market and Achal Tal market are noted for its educational book stores. Mahavir Ganj is mostly famous for grocery items like Ghee, spices, dry fruits, pulses, etc.
Most markets in Aligarh are made up of many small shops and markets can get very crowded during daytime because the Roads are very Narrow. Cars and
Cycle rickshawThe cycle rickshaw is a small-scale local means of transport; it is also known by a variety of other names such as velotaxi, pedicab, bikecab, cyclo, becak, trisikad, or trishaw or, simply, rickshaw which also refers to auto rickshaws, and the, now uncommon, rickshaws pulled by a person on foot...
s often clog up streets leading to traffic jams that can last well more than an hour or so.
Cineplexes
Aligarh has many movie theatres such as Grand Surjit, Vadra Big Cinemas (Adlabs), Meenakshi (only cinema having pure Dolby Digital Sounds), Nandan, Lakshmi, Nishat, Tasveer Mahal and Novelty.
GOLD cinema in Great Value Mall is under construction.
Important residential places
The city is divided into two areas known as Old Aligarh (City) and New Aligarh (Civil Lines).
New Aligarh
It consists of Firdaus Nagar, Pratibha colony (opp exhibition ground),Church Compound, Vishnupuri, Jamalpur, Hamdard Nagar Block- A,B,C & D, Tayyab colony, Lal Diggi Road, Begam Bagh, Anwarul Huda Compound, Amir Nisha, National Colony, Azim Compound, Zakaria Market, Dhorra Mafi,SIR SYED NAGAR, Iqra Colony, Shibli Bagh, Kabir Colony, Friends Colony, New Jamalpur, Hamdard Nagar B,Badar Bagh, Habib Bagh, Bhamola, Zohrabagh, Ghalib Bagh, Anwar Villa Colony, Dodhpur, Shabistan Compound, Jeevangarh, Kela Nagar, Firdaus Nagar, Firdous Complex, Kabir Colony, Janakpuri, Niranjan puri ( Navada ), Prag Sarover, Gyan sarover (with 100 ft road), Maan sarover, Shanti Sarovar, Avantika-1 and 2, Quarsi, kishanpur, Rambagh colony gali, Swarna Jayanti Nagar, Shatabdi Nagar, Surendra Nagar, Mahendra Nagar, Naurangabad, Jwalapuri, Shyam Nagar, Janakpuri, Vikram Colony, Medical Colony, Lekhraj Nagar, Ramesh Vihar Colony, Durga Badi, Marris Road, Vidhya Nagar, Ram Krishna Puram, Sasni Gate, Delhi GT Road and many more new colonies are developed by Aligarh Development Authority.
Old Aligarh
Manik Chowk, Baniya Para, Phool Chowraha, Kanwari Ganj, Mamu Bhanja, Kapil Vihar Colony, Banna Devi Police Colony, Sarai Labaria, Kishanpur, Bhamola, Anona House, Pahasu House, Rasalgunj Gambhir Pura, Mahendra Nagar, Surendra Nagar, Bank Colony (Premier Nagar),Trimurti nagar(baraula bypass), Gandhi Nagar, Saray Sultani, Pathan Mohallah (Afghanan),Kala Mahal, Kale khan ki sarai, Ghas ki mandi, mohallah shaikhan, Tantan Pada, Usman Pada, chowk bundukhan, Jama masjid upper kot, Achal Talab and Khirni Gate are some of the residential areas in old Aligarh. Green Park Colony near SBBM Inter College is a new constructed colony.
Media
Aligarh currently has 2 FM Radio stations:
- 92.7 MHz Big FM
- 101.3 MHz All India Radio
All India Radio , officially known since 1956 as Akashvani , is the radio broadcaster of India and a division of Prasar Bharati. Established in 1936, it is the sister service of Prasar Bharati's Doordarshan, the national television broadcaster. All India Radio is one of the largest radio networks...
,
Qawwal Habib Painter is from Old City of Aligarh, Many popular Bollywood artists hail from Aligarh. Some of them are Chandra Choor Singh, Sunidhi Chauhan, Faheem uddin, Naseeruddin Shah, Ravindra Jain and Javed Akhtar. Kaka Hathrasi was also from Aligarh (Hathras, now Distt. Maha Maya Nagar was earlier Sub District of Aligarh). Bharat Bhushan the Bollywood super star of 1950s was born in Aligarh. Nigar Sultana, an actress with Raj Kapoor and an actress in super hit films like Aag(1948), Bazaar(1949)and many more has a big bunglow named "Nigar Vila" in Aligarh at Marris Road near Kela Nagar. Padma Bhushan awarded (2007) international fame poet of Hindi Kavi Sammelan Gopaldas Neeraj also lives at Aligarh in Janak Puri,he wrote many famous songs for Hindi films, mainly for Shankar-Jaikishan and S.D.Burman. Noted Urdu poet Akhlaq Mohammed Khan, generally known,' Shahryar' retired as Chairman of Urdu deptt. of Aligarh Muslim University, he wrote lyrics for many famous Hindi films named Gaman (1978), Umrao Jaan (1981) and Anjuman (1986), he was awarded by Sahitya Akademy Award in Urdu (1987) for his poetry collection and again by Jnanpith Award (2008) which is the highest literary award in India. Indian cricket team member Piyush Chawla (born 24 December 1988,) belongs to Aligarh.
Transport
Aligarh is well connected to the other cities. India's longest and one of the oldest road, the
Grand Trunk RoadThe Grand Trunk Road also formerly known as Uttarapatha, Shah Rah-e-Azam or Sadak-e-Azam or Badshahi Sadak is one of South Asia's oldest and longest major roads...
passes through Aligarh. The nearest airport is the Indira Gandhi International airport which is about 160 km away. By road, Aligarh is well-connected to Delhi, Noida, Greater Noida, Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Agra, Mathura, Meerut, etc. A large number of people commute to Delhi, Noida, Greater Noida, Ghaziabad and Gurgaon every day for work. Two national highway (NH-91, NH-93) pass through Aligarh. An expressway from Delhi to Agra called Yamuna Expressway is under development which passes through Aligarh.
There are 2 main bus terminals Masoodabad Bus Terminal and Gandhi Park Bus Terminal from where Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (UPSRTC) buses serve cities all over the state of
Uttar PradeshUttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
and many other cities in Uttranchal,
RajasthanRājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
, Madhya Pradesh and
HaryanaHaryana is a state in India. Historically, it has been a part of the Kuru region in North India. The name Haryana is found mentioned in the 12th century AD by the apabhramsha writer Vibudh Shridhar . It is bordered by Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north, and by Rajasthan to the west and south...
. Aligarh Junction, the primary railway Station for Aligarh, is a major stop for trains running on the Delhi-Kolkata route. It connects Aligarh to the West Bengal, Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand, North East and most of
Uttar PradeshUttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
. Junction runs about 70 daily Mail/ Express/ E.M.U Trains.
It connects the city to important places such as New Delhi,
MumbaiMumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
,
KolkataKolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...
,
Bhopal,
Gwalior,
LucknowLucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh in India. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of Lucknow District and Lucknow Division....
,
JhansiJhansi Hindi:झाँसी, , Marathi: झाशी, is a historical city of India. Jhansi is the administrative headquarters of Jhansi District and Jhansi Division. The original walled city grew up around its stone fort, which crowns a neighboring rock. This district is on the bank of river Betwa.The National...
,
PuriPuri is district headquarter, a city situated about south of state capital Bhubaneswar, on the eastern coast of the Bay of Bengal in the Indian state of Orissa. It is also known as Jagannath Puri after the Jagannath Temple . It is a holy city of the Hindus as a part of the Char Dham pilgrimages...
,
Kanpur,
AgraAgra a.k.a. Akbarabad is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India, west of state capital, Lucknow and south from national capital New Delhi. With a population of 1,686,976 , it is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh and the 19th most...
,
Varanasi-Etymology:The name Varanasi has its origin possibly from the names of the two rivers Varuna and Assi, for the old city lies in the north shores of the Ganga bounded by its two tributaries, the Varuna and the Asi, with the Ganges being to its south...
and
JaipurJaipur , also popularly known as the Pink City, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. Founded on 18 November 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amber, the city today has a population of more than 3.1 million....
.
City buses, tempos and rickshaw are convenient options to commute within the city.
An international airport of Delhi has been approved by the Government in Jewar which also comes in Aligarh's District area being about 70 km by road from the city centre. The Metro Rail Project has been passed and by 2014 it will be running in the city of Aligarh. Other new projects have already been passed like Inner Ring road, Outer Ring road by Central Government and construction of a new flyover. An airport has also been approved by the Government.
Notable personalities
{{alumni|residents|date=September 2011}}
- Gopaldas Neeraj
Gopaldas Saxena 'Neeraj is among the best-known poets and authors in Hindi literature. He is also a famous poet of Hindi Kavi Sammelan. He was born in the small village Puravali of Etawah in Uttar Pradesh, India on 4 January 1924. He wrote under the pen name "Neeraj"...
, poet, recipient of Padma BhushanThe Padma Bhushan is the third highest civilian award in the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan, but comes before the Padma Shri. It is awarded by the Government of India.-History:...
- Akhlaq Mohammed Khan, pen name Shaharyar, Urdu poet and Bollywood lyricist
- Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman
Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman , is well known for his contribution to Unani medicine. He founded Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences in 2000...
, Unani physician and author
- Annu Raj Singh
Annu Raj Singh is an Indian shooter. She along with Heena Sidhu won the gold medal in women's Pairs 10 metre air pistol at the 2010 Commonwealth Games. Heena and Annu won the 14th gold medal for India from the shooting range....
, international shooter
- Shad Khan
Shad Khan is an Indian television anchor, actor and director.-Early life:He was born in a Pathan family of Village Nausha in Charra, District Aligarh. He has a B.A...
, anchor, actor and director
- Bharat Bhushan
Bharat Bhushan was an Indian bollywood actor, scriptwriter and producer, who is best remembered for playing Baiju Bawra in the 1952 film of the same name. He was born in Meerut, and brought up in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh.-Personal Life:...
, Bollywood actor, scriptwriter and producer
Further reading
- Aligarh in My Days (Interviews of former Vice Chancellors of Aligarh Muslim University), Ed. Syed Ziaur Rahman
Dr Syed Ziaur Rahman is a faculty member in the discipline of Pharmacology and Chair of the Advisory Council , International Association of Medical Colleges.-Biography:...
, Non-Resident Students’ Centre, Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh Muslim University ,is a residential academic university, established in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan as Mohammedan Angelo-Oriental College and later granted the status of Central University by an Act of the Indian Parliament in 1920...
, Aligarh, 1997.
External links
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{{Aligarh district}}
{{Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Hindi Speaking Areas of India}}