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Alfonso XIII (Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Austria-Lorena; anglicised: Alphonse Leon Ferdinand Mary James Isidor Pascal Anthony of Bourbon and Austria-Lorraine) (Madrid
Madrid

Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
, 17 May 1886 – Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
, 28 February 1941), King of Spain
List of Spanish monarchs

This is a list of Spanish monarchs?that is, rulers of the country of Spain in the modern sense of the word. The forerunners of the Spanish throne, as well as of the List of Portuguese monarchs, were the following:...
, posthumous son of Alfonso XII of Spain
Alfonso XII of Spain

Alfonso XII was king of Spain, reigning from 1875 to 1885, after a coup d'?tat restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic....
, was proclaimed King at his birth. He reigned from 1886-1931. His mother, Queen Maria Christina
Maria Christina of Austria

Maria Christina of Austria was the second Queen consort of King Alfonso XII of Spain and was Regent of Spain during the minority of her son Alfonso XIII of Spain and during the abeyancy of the throne before his birth, from November 25 1885 - 7 May 1902....
, was appointed regent
Regent

A regent, from the Latin regens "reigning", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present or debilitated....
 during his minority.






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Alfonso XIII (Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Austria-Lorena; anglicised: Alphonse Leon Ferdinand Mary James Isidor Pascal Anthony of Bourbon and Austria-Lorraine) (Madrid
Madrid

Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
, 17 May 1886 – Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
, 28 February 1941), King of Spain
List of Spanish monarchs

This is a list of Spanish monarchs?that is, rulers of the country of Spain in the modern sense of the word. The forerunners of the Spanish throne, as well as of the List of Portuguese monarchs, were the following:...
, posthumous son of Alfonso XII of Spain
Alfonso XII of Spain

Alfonso XII was king of Spain, reigning from 1875 to 1885, after a coup d'?tat restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic....
, was proclaimed King at his birth. He reigned from 1886-1931. His mother, Queen Maria Christina
Maria Christina of Austria

Maria Christina of Austria was the second Queen consort of King Alfonso XII of Spain and was Regent of Spain during the minority of her son Alfonso XIII of Spain and during the abeyancy of the throne before his birth, from November 25 1885 - 7 May 1902....
, was appointed regent
Regent

A regent, from the Latin regens "reigning", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present or debilitated....
 during his minority. In 1902, on attaining his 16th year, the King assumed control of the state.

Reign

Although Alfonso's reign would not end well, it began well. The French newspaper Figaro described the young king as "the happiest and best loved of all the rulers of the earth."

When he came of age in 1902, the week of his accession to the throne was marked by a week of festivities, bullfights, balls and receptions throughout Spain.

During his reign Spain
Spain

Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
 lost its last colonies in the Americas (Cuba
Cuba

The Republic of Cuba is a country in the Caribbean. It consists of the island of Cuba , the island of Isla de la Juventud, and several adjacent small islands....
 and Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is a Autonomy Territories of the United States of the United States located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of the Virgin Islands....
) and the Philippines
Philippines

The Philippines, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is a country in Southeast Asia with Manila as its capital city. It comprises 7,107 islands in the western Pacific Ocean....
; fought and, after several setbacks, won a war
Rif War (1920)

The Rif War of 1920, also called the Second Moroccan War, was fought between Spain and the Morocco Rif and Jebala tribes....
 in Morocco
Morocco

Morocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa with a population of nearly 34 million and an area just under 447,000 km2....
; witnessed the start of the Spanish Generation of 1927, and endured the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera
Miguel Primo de Rivera

Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 2. Marqu?s de Estella was a Spanish dictator, aristocrat, and a military official who was appointed Prime Minister by the King and who for seven years was a dictator, ending the turno system of alternating parties....
, which ultimately cost him the throne.

During the First World War
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
, because of his family connections with both sides and the division of popular opinion, Spain remained neutral. The king ran an office for captives from the Palacio de Oriente, that leveraged the Spanish diplomatic and military network abroad to intercede for thousands of prisoners of war, receiving and answering letters from all Europe.

He was a promoter of tourism in Spain. The problems with the lodging of his wedding guests prompted the construction of the luxury Hotel Palace in Madrid. He also supported the creation of a network of state-run lodges (Parador
Parador

Parador, in Spain and other Spanish language-speaking countries, is a kind of luxury hotel, usually located in History buildings such as monastery and castles....
) in historic buildings of Spain. His fondness for the sport of football led to the patronage of several "royal" football clubs like Real Sociedad
Real Sociedad

Real Sociedad de F?tbol is a Spain football club from the Basque Country city of San Sebasti?n in Gipuzkoa. Founded on September 17 1909, it was relegated to Segunda Divisi?n at the end of the La Liga 2006-07 season....
, Real Madrid, Real Betis
Real Betis

Real Betis Balompi? is a Spanish football club in Seville founded in 1907. The team currently plays in La Liga. Its home stadium is the 52,700-seat Estadio Manuel Ruiz de Lopera and its home colours are green and white....
 and Real Unión
Real Unión

Real Uni?n Club de Ir?n is a Spain football club, based in the city of Ir?n, in the Basque Country , near the border with France. It currently plays in Segunda Divisi?n B, holding home matches at the 5,000 seater Stadium Gal....
.

When the Second Spanish Republic
Second Spanish Republic

The Second Spanish Republic was the system of government in Spain between April 14 1931, when King of Spain Alfonso XIII of Spain left the country following local and municipal elections in which republican candidates won the majority of votes in urban areas and April 1 1939, when the last of the Republican forces surrendered to Nationalist...
 was proclaimed on 14 April 1931, he fled and left Spain, but did not abdicate the throne. He settled eventually in Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
 where he lived in the Grand Hotel.

Once the Spanish Civil War
Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War was a major conflict in Spain that started after an attempted coup d'?tat by a group of Spanish Army generals, supported by the conservative Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right , Carlist groups and the fascistic Falange, against the government of the Second Spanish Republic, then under the leadership of pr...
 broke out, Alfonso made it clear he favoured the military uprising against the Popular Front
Popular Front (Spain)

The Popular Front in Spain's Spanish Second Republic was an electoral coalition and pact signed in January 1936 by various left-wing politics organisations, instigated by Manuel Aza?a for the purpose of contesting that year's election....
 government, but General Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco

Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Te?dulo Franco y Bahamonde, Salgado y Pardo de Andrade , commonly known as Francisco Franco or Francisco Franco y Bahamonde was the dictator and Head of State of Spain from October 1936, and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in 1975....
 in September 1936 declared that the Nationalists would never accept Alfonso as king (the supporters of the rival Carlist
Carlism

Carlism is a Tradition#Traditionalism and legitimist political movement in Spain seeking the establishment of a separate line of the House of Bourbon family on the Monarchy of Spain....
 pretender made up an important part of the Franco army). First he went into exile in France
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
. Nevertheless, he sent his son Juan de Borbon, Count of Barcelona
Juan de Borbón, Count of Barcelona

The Infante Juan of Spain, Count of Barcelona English language: , was the fourth son and designated heir of Heads of State of Spain Alfonso XIII of Spain and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, the monarch replaced by the Second Spanish Republic, and father of King Juan Carlos I of Spain, under whom a constitutional monarchy was restored....
 to enter Spain in 1936 and participate in the uprising. However, near the French border, General Mola
Emilio Mola

Emilio Mola Vidal was a Nationalist commander during the Spanish Civil War . He is best-known for coining the phrase "fifth column."Mola was born in Cuba where his father, an army officer, was stationed....
 had him arrested and expelled from the country.

On 15 January 1941, Alfonso XIII abdicated his rights to the Spanish throne in favour of his third (of four), but second surviving, son Juan, father of the current king Juan Carlos
Juan Carlos I of Spain

Juan Carlos I is the reigning List of Spanish monarchs of Spain. His name, while rarely Anglicisation, is rendered as John Charles Alphonse Victor Mary of Bourbon and Bourbon-Two Sicilies....
. He died in Rome a month-and-a-half later.

The Spanish government ordered three days of national mourning. His funeral was held in Rome in the Church of Santa Maria degli Angeli
Santa Maria degli Angeli

Santa Maria degli Angeli is the name of several churches in Italy. They include:*Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri, a basilica in Rome, created by Michelangelo in the Baths of Diocletian...
. He was buried in the Church of Santa Maria di Monserrato, the Spanish national church in Rome, immediately below the tombs of Pope Calixtus III and Pope Alexander VI
Pope Alexander VI

Pope Alexander VI , born Roderic Llan?ol, later Roderic de Borja i Borja was Pope from 1492 to 1503. He is the most controversial of the Secularism popes of the Renaissance, and his surname became a byword for the debased standards of the papacy of that era....
. In January 1980 his remains were transferred to El Escorial
El Escorial

El Escorial is an historical residence of the king of Spain. It is one of the Spanish royal sites and functions as a monastery, royal palace, museum and school....
 in Spain.

Marriage and children

On 31 May 1906 at the Royal Monastery of San Geronimo
San Jerónimo el Real

San Jer?nimo el Real , is the church of the former monastery of St. Jerome the Royal, a very important church of Madrid, Spain. It is the church very closely associated with the Spanish Monarchy, a national monument since 1925....
 in Madrid
Madrid

Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
 Alfonso married Scottish-born Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg (1887-1969), a niece of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom
Edward VII of the United Kingdom

Edward VII was Monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death on 6 May 1910....
 and a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom
Victoria of the United Kingdom

Victoria was from 20 June 1837 the Queen regnant of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and from 1 May 1876 the first Empress of India of the British Raj until her death....
. A Serene Highness
Serene Highness

Serene Highness is a style used today by the reigning families of Monaco and Liechtenstein. It also preceded the princely titles of members of some German ruling families until 1917, and it was also the form of address used for cadet members of the dynasties of France, Italy, Russia and Ernestine duchies under their monarchy....
 by birth, Ena, as she was known, was raised to Royal Highness status a month before her wedding to prevent the union from being viewed as unequal. As Alfonso XIII and Ena were returning from the wedding they narrowly escaped the assassination attempted by the anarchist
Anarchism

Anarchism is a political philosophy encompassing anarchist schools of thought which consider the state to be unnecessary, harmful, and/or undesirable....
 Mateu Morral
Mateu Morral

Mateu Morral was a Catalan people Anarchism, known for his assassination attempt on the lives of Alfonso XIII of Spain and his wife Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg ....
; instead, the bomb explosion killed or injured many bystanders and members of the royal procession.

Alfonso and Ena had seven children:
  • Infante Alfonso Pio Cristino Eduardo Francisco Guillermo Carlos Enrique Fernando Antonio Venancio of Spain, Prince of Asturias
    Prince of Asturias

    The title Prince of Asturias is given to the heir apparent to the Spain throne, and the earlier kingdom of Castille. The current Prince of Asturias is Felipe, Prince of Asturias, son of King Juan Carlos of Spain and Queen Sofia of Spain....
     (1907-1938), a hemophiliac, he renounced his rights to the throne in 1933 to marry a commoner, Edelmira Ignacia Adriana Sampedro-Robato, and became Count of Covadonga
    Covadonga

    Covadonga is a village in Asturias, northwestern Spain, among the Picos de Europa mountains where Iberian Christians won the Battle of Covadonga over the Moors in 722 AD....
    . He later remarried to Marta Esther Rocafort y Altazarra, but had no issue by either of them.
  • Infante Jaime Luitpold Isabelino Enrique Alberto Alfonso Victor Acacio Pedro Maria of Spain (1908-1975), a deaf-mute
    Deaf-mute

    For "deafness", see hearing impairment. For "Deaf" as a cultural term, see Deaf culture. For "inability to speak", see muteness.Deaf-mute was a term historically used by hearing people to identify a person who was hearing impairment and could not speak....
     as the result of a childhood operation, he renounced his rights to the throne in 1933 and became Duke of Segovia
    Segovia

    Segovia is a city in Spain, the capital of the province of Segovia in Castile and Leon. It is situated north of Madrid, and can be reached by bullet train in 35 minutes from Madrid at ....
    , and later Duke of Madrid, and who, as a legitimist pretender
    Pretender

    A pretender is a claimant to an abolished throne or to a throne already occupied by somebody else. The English word :wikt:pretend comes from the French word pr?tendre, meaning "to put forward, to profess or claim"....
     to the French throne from 1941 to 1975, was known as the Duke of Anjou
    Anjou

    Anjou is a former county , duchy and Provinces of France centred on the city of Angers in the lower Loire Valley of western France. It corresponds largely to the present-day d?partement in France of Maine-et-Loire....
    .
  • Infanta Beatríz Isabela Federica Alfonsa Eugenia Cristina Maria Teresa Bievenida Ladisláa of Spain
    Infanta Beatriz of Spain

    The Infanta Beatriz of Spain was a daughter of King Alfonso XIII of Spain and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg and paternal aunt of the current King of Spain Juan Carlos I of Spain....
     (1909-2002), who married Don Alessandro Torlonia, 5th Prince di Civitella-Cesi.
  • Infante Fernando, stillborn
    Stillbirth

    A stillbirth occurs when a fetus which has death in the uterus or during labor or childbirth, while exiting a woman's human body. The term is often used in distinction to live birth or miscarriage....
     (1910)
  • Infanta Maria Cristina Teresa Alejandra Guadalupe Maria de la Concepción Vittoria Eugenia of Spain
    Infanta Maria Cristina of Spain

    Infanta Maria Cristina of Spain, Countess of Marone was the fourth child of Alfonso XIII of Spain and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg and paternal aunt of the current King Juan Carlos I....
     (1911-1996), who married Enrico Eugenio Marone-Cinzano, 1st Conte di Marone.
  • Infante Juan Carlos Teresa Silvestre Alfonso of Spain
    Juan de Borbón, Count of Barcelona

    The Infante Juan of Spain, Count of Barcelona English language: , was the fourth son and designated heir of Heads of State of Spain Alfonso XIII of Spain and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, the monarch replaced by the Second Spanish Republic, and father of King Juan Carlos I of Spain, under whom a constitutional monarchy was restored....
     (1913-1993), named heir to the throne and Count of Barcelona, whose son is current king Juan Carlos I of Spain
    Juan Carlos I of Spain

    Juan Carlos I is the reigning List of Spanish monarchs of Spain. His name, while rarely Anglicisation, is rendered as John Charles Alphonse Victor Mary of Bourbon and Bourbon-Two Sicilies....
    .
  • Infante Gonzalo Manuel Maria Bernardo Narciso Alfonso Mauricio of Spain
    Infante Gonzalo of Spain

    Infante Gonzalo of Spain was the fourth surviving son and youngest child of King Alfonso XIII of Spain and his wife Princess Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg....
     (1914-1934), a hemophiliac. Like his elder brother Alfonso, he died due to bleeding from injuries suffered in a car crash.


Illegitimate issue

The King also had four illegitimate children:

By French
French people

French people can refer to:* The legal residents and citizens of France, regardless of ancestry. For a legal discussion, see French nationality law....
 aristocrat Mélanie de Gaufridy de Dortan (Dompierre-les-Ormes
Dompierre-les-Ormes

Dompierre-les-Ormes is a commune in France of the Sa?ne-et-Loire d?partement in France, in France. In 2004, there lived about 790 people in this village....
, 31 August 1876 - Paris
Paris

Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
, 23 October 1937), daughter of Roger de Gaufridy de Dortan (1843 - 1905) and wife Adélaïde de Verdonnet (1853 - 1918), married on 7 July 1900 to Philippe Lévêque de Vilmorin (Verrières-le-Buisson
Verrières-le-Buisson

Verri?res-le-Buisson is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is from the Kilometre Zero, in the Essonne Departments of France....
, 21 May 1872 - Verrières-le-Buisson
Verrières-le-Buisson

Verri?res-le-Buisson is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is from the Kilometre Zero, in the Essonne Departments of France....
, 29 June 1917), by whom she had two daughters and two sons (Marie Lévêque de Vilmorin, married to Guy de Toulouse-Lautrec, Comte de Toulouse-Lautrec and a relative of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

Henri Marie Raymond de Toulouse-Lautrec-Monfa or simply Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was a French Painting, printmaking, drawing, and illustrator, whose immersion in the colourful and theatrical life of fin de si?cle Paris yielded an oeuvre of exciting, elegant and provocative images of the modern and sometimes decadent life of thos...
, without issue, Louise Lévêque de Vilmorin (Verrières-le-Buisson
Verrières-le-Buisson

Verri?res-le-Buisson is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is from the Kilometre Zero, in the Essonne Departments of France....
, 4 April 1902 - 26 December 1969), married firstly in Paris
Paris

Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
 on 12 March 1925 to Henry Leigh-Hunt (Des Moines
Des Moines, Iowa

Des Moines , is the Capital and the most populous city in the United States U.S. state of Iowa. It is also the county seat of Polk County, Iowa....
, Polk County
Polk County, Iowa

Polk County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of 2000, the population was 374,601. The 2007 estimate was 418,339. Its county seat is Des Moines, Iowa, which is also the capital city of Iowa....
, Iowa
Iowa

The State of Iowa is a U.S. state in the Midwestern region of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland." It is bordered by Minnesota to the north, Wisconsin and Illinois to the east, Nebraska and South Dakota to the west, and Missouri to the south....
, 17 October 1886 - Neuilly
Neuilly

There are many places named Neuilly in France: ...
, 21 March 1972), and had issue, and married secondly in Bratislava
Bratislava

Bratislava is the capital of Slovakia and, with a population of about 427,000, also the country's largest city. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia on both banks of the Danube River....
 on 27 January 1938 as his fifth of eight wives to Pál Gróf Erdödi Pálffy (Vienna
Vienna

Vienna is the Capital of Republic of Austria and also one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.7 million...
, 12 February 1890 - Untergiesing-Harlaching
Untergiesing-Harlaching

Untergiesing-Harlaching is the Boroughs of Munich Munich, Germany, mostly the districts of Untergiesing and Harlaching. The borough's western border is the river Isar, in the south in borders on Gr?nwald and the Perlacher Forst , to the north-west on the Munich borough of Obergiesing and to the north on the borough of Au-Haidhau...
, 11 October 1968), without issue, Olivier Lévêque de Vilmorin, unmarried and without issue, and André Lévêque de Vilmorin, unmarried and without issue; despite the resemblances of Louise with Alfonso XIII and even his also illegitimate half-sister Ana María Teresa, she was never claimed to be his daughter):
  • Roger Marie Vincent Philippe Lévêque de Vilmorin (Verrières-le-Buisson
    Verrières-le-Buisson

    Verri?res-le-Buisson is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is from the Kilometre Zero, in the Essonne Departments of France....
    , 12 September 1905 - Paris
    Paris

    Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
    , 20 July 1980), married in Nice
    Nice

    Nice is a city in Southern France France located on the Mediterranean Sea coast, between Marseille, France, and Genoa, Italy, with 1,197,751 inhabitants in the 2007 estimate....
     on 16 January 1926 to Pauline Roissard de Bellet (Paris
    Paris

    Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
    , 31 March 1892 - bef. 1945), daughter of Jean Baron Roissard de Bellet and wife Elizabeth Prodgers, and had issue, and married secondly in Paris
    Paris

    Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
     on 12 February 1945 as her second husband Edith Alice Cecile Lowther (London
    London

    London is the capital of both England and the United Kingdom, and the most populous municipality in the European Union. An important settlement for two millennia, History of London goes back to its founding by the Roman Empire....
    , 2 August 1906 - ?), daughter of the 1st Baronets Lowther, and had issue:
    • Nicolas Lévêque de Vilmorin (b. 21 August 1928), married to Irène Thenard, without issue
    • Jean-Baptiste Lévêque de Vilmorin (b. Paris
      Paris

      Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
      , 11 January 1930), married firstly and divorced as her second husband to Geneviève Fontenay (Oran
      Oran

      Oran is a city on the Mediterranean Sea coast in northwestern Algeria. Oran marked the largest westernmost metropolitan area of the then Ottoman Empire....
      , 21 November 1930 - Saint-Paul, 14 April 1987), already divorced from her first husband, daughter of Roger Fontenay and wife Germaine Martin, who married thirdly François Giscard d'Estaing uncle of Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
      Valéry Giscard d'Estaing

      Val?ry Marie Ren? Georges Giscard d'Estaing,Constitutional Council of France , is a France centrism-conservatism politician who was President of France of the French Fifth Republic from 1974 until 1981....
       and later husband of ... Cazin d' Honincthun, without issue, and married secondly to Monique Latil, without issue
    • Elisabeth Lévêque de Vilmorin (b. Paris
      Paris

      Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
      , 11 January 1930), married to Arnaud Baron de Lassus, without issue
    • Sophie Lévêque de Vilmorin (b. 22 January 1931), married to Robert Miles-Reincke, without issue
    • Claire Lévêque de Vilmorin (b. 20 August 1933), unmarried and without issue
    • Eleonore Lévêque de Vilmorin (b. Neuilly-sur-Seine
      Neuilly-sur-Seine

      Neuilly-sur-Seine is a commune in France bordering the western limit of the city of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero. It is one of the most densely populated municipalities in Europe....
      , 28 February 1947), married firstly in Verrières-le-Buisson
      Verrières-le-Buisson

      Verri?res-le-Buisson is a commune in France in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is from the Kilometre Zero, in the Essonne Departments of France....
       on 12 April 1972 and divorced Guy-Raoul Marie Jacques de Dampierre (b. Saint-Mandé
      Saint-Mandé

      Saint-Mand? is a commune in France of the Val-de-Marne d?partement, and of the ?le-de-France r?gion , France. It is located . from the Kilometre Zero....
      , 5 January 1938), without issue (he later married Ismène de Saint-Anthost and had a son Matthias de Dampierre, b. 1982), and married secondly in Paris
      Paris

      Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
       on 3 May 1980 her first husband's cousin Aymeric de Dampierre (b. Paris
      Paris

      Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
      , 12 January 1947), without issue
    • Philippa Victoire Lévêque de Vilmorín (b. Boulogne-Billancourt
      Boulogne-Billancourt

      Boulogne-Billancourt is a commune in France in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is located . from the Kilometre Zero. Boulogne-Billancourt is a sous-pr?fecture of the Hauts-de-Seine d?partement in France, being the seat of the Arrondissement of Boulogne-Billancourt....
      , 11 November 1948), unmarried and without issue


By Spanish
Spanish people

Spanish people or Spaniards are a nation or ethnic group native to Spain, in the Iberian Peninsula of southwestern Europe. They are often considered an amalgam of different ethnic groups, rather than an ethnic group by itself....
 actress María del Carmen Ruíz y Moragas (1898 - Madrid
Madrid

Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
, 11 June 1936), married in Granada
Granada

Granada is a city and the capital of the province of Granada , in the autonomous communities of Spain of Andalusia, Spain....
 on 18 November 1917 to Rodolfo Gaona y Jiménez (León de Las Aldamas, Guanajuato
Guanajuato

Guanajuato is a state in the central highlands of Mexico. It is named after its capital city, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, which comes from the local indigenous P'urh?pecha language, meaning "Hill of Frogs"....
, 22 January 1888 - Mexico City
Mexico City

Mexico City is the capital city of Mexico. It is the most important economic, industrial, and cultural center in the country; the most populous city with over 8,836,045 inhabitants in 2008....
, 20 May 1975), without issue, and daughter of Leandro Antolín Ruíz y Martínez, born in Almadén
Almadén

Almad?n, Spain, is a town and municipality in the Provinces of Spain of Ciudad Real , within the Autonomous communities of Spain of Castile-La Mancha....
, and wife María de las Mercedes Moragas y Pareja, born in Málaga
Málaga

M?laga is a port city in Andalusia, southern Spain, on the Costa del Sol coast of the Mediterranean. At the 2007 census the population is 576,725....
:
  • Ana María Teresa Ruíz y Moragas (Madrid
    Madrid

    Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
    , 9 October 1925 - Florence
    Florence

    Florence is the Capital city of the Italy Regions of Italy of Tuscany and of the provinces of Italy Province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany and has a population of 364,779 ....
    , 6 September 1965), married in Madrid
    Madrid

    Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
     on 26 October 1957 Arnoldo Bürgisser y Hufenus (Florence
    Florence

    Florence is the Capital city of the Italy Regions of Italy of Tuscany and of the provinces of Italy Province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany and has a population of 364,779 ....
    , 9 January 1927 - Florence
    Florence

    Florence is the Capital city of the Italy Regions of Italy of Tuscany and of the provinces of Italy Province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany and has a population of 364,779 ....
    , 21 December 1993), son of Louis Bürgisser and wife Agnèse Hufenus, and had issue:
    • Leandro Bürgisser (b. Florence
      Florence

      Florence is the Capital city of the Italy Regions of Italy of Tuscany and of the provinces of Italy Province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany and has a population of 364,779 ....
      , 25 September 1958), married to Teresa Sancristoforo (b. Genoa
      Genoa

      Genoa is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. The city has a population of about 610,000 and the urban area has a population of about 900,000....
      , 13 October 1961), and had issue:
      • Cristoforo Bürgisser (b. Florence
        Florence

        Florence is the Capital city of the Italy Regions of Italy of Tuscany and of the provinces of Italy Province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany and has a population of 364,779 ....
        , 29 October 1999)
      • Tea Bürgisser (b. Florence
        Florence

        Florence is the Capital city of the Italy Regions of Italy of Tuscany and of the provinces of Italy Province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany and has a population of 364,779 ....
        , 8 October 2001)
    • María del Carmen Bürgisser (b. 1959), unmarried and without issue
  • Leandro Alfonso Luis Ruíz y Moragas (b. Madrid
    Madrid

    Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
    , 26 April 1929), officially recognized by Spanish Courts on 21 May 2003 as Leandro Alfonso Luis de Borbón y Ruíz Moragas, married firstly in June 1952 to María del Rosario Vidal y de Barnola (- 1992), daughter of Eduardo Vidal y ... and wife ... de Barnola y ..., and had issue, and married secondly in 1982 to María de la Concepción de Mora y ..., daughter of Manuel de Mora y ... (- Madrid
    Madrid

    Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
    , 1971), and wife ..., and had issue:
    • María Cristina de Borbón y Vidal (b. 1953), married to ... Tejón y ..., and had issue:
      • Juan Tejón y de Borbón (b. 1977)
      • Javier Tejón y de Borbón (b. 1981)
      • Pilar Tejón y de Borbón (b. 1984)
    • Alfonso de Borbón y Vidal (Madrid
      Madrid

      Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
      , 1955 - 2000), married in San Lorenzo de El Escorial on 6 May 2000 to ..., without issue
    • María Blanca de Borbón y Vidal (b. Madrid
      Madrid

      Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
      , 1956), married to Jesús Mateos y Morillo, and had issue:
      • Pablo Mateos y de Borbón (b. 2000)
    • Eduardo de Borbón y Vidal (b. 1956), married to ... Garde y ..., and had issue:
      • Almudena de Borbón y Garde (b. 1985)
      • Eduardo de Borbón y Garde (b. 1992)
    • María Luisa de Borbón y Vidal (1957-1959 - 1961)
    • María de las Mercedes de Borbón y Vidal (b. Madrid
      Madrid

      Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
      , 1960), married to Luis de Sautú y Acha, without issue


By Béatrice Noon:
  • Juana Alfonsa Milán y Quiñones de León (Paris
    Paris

    Paris is the Capital of France and the country's largest city. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the ?le-de-France Regions of France ....
    , 19 April 1916 - Madrid
    Madrid

    Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
    , 16 May 2005), and had issue by an unknown father, three sons and one daughter:
    • ... Milán y Quiñones de León
    • ... Milán y Quiñones de León
    • Pierre Milán y Quiñones de León
    • María de la Soledad Milán y Quiñones de León


Honours

  • 1,072nd Knight
    Knight

    File:Gothic armor 2.jpgKnight is the term for a social position originating in the Middle Ages. In the Commonwealth of Nations, knighthood is a non-heritable form of gentry....
     of the Order of the Golden Fleece
    Order of the Golden Fleece

    The Order of the Golden Fleece is an order of chivalry founded in 1430 by Duke Philip III, Duke of Burgundy of Duchy of Burgundy to celebrate his marriage to the Portugal princess Isabel, Duchess of Burgundy....
     in Spain
    Spain

    Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
     in 1886
  • Order of Charles III
  • Order of Santiago
    Order of Santiago

    This article deals with the Spanish Order of knighthood. For the Portuguese Order, see Order of St. James of the Sword.File:Ucles Cuenca Espa?a Monasterio y Castillo....
  • Order of Calatrava
    Order of Calatrava

    The Order of Calatrava was the first military order founded in Kingdom of Castile, but the second to receive papal approval. The papal bull confirming the Order of Calatrava as a Militia was given by Pope Alexander III on September 26, 1164....
  • Order of Alcántara
    Order of Alcántara

    The Order of Alc?ntara was originally a military order of Kingdom of Le?n, founded in the 12th century....
  • Order of Montesa
    Order of Montesa

    The Order of Montesa was a Christian military order, territorially limited to the Kingdom of Aragon....
  • 315th Grand Cross
    Grand Cross

    The phrase Grand Cross is used to denote the highest grade in many orders of knighthood. Sometimes the knights of the highest grade are called "knights grand cross" or "dames grand cross"; in other cases the actual insignia itself is called "the grand cross." The highest grade of some civil or non-religious orders are sometimes referred to...
     of the Order of the Tower and Sword
    Order of the Tower and Sword

    The Military Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of Valour, Loyalty and Merit is a Portugal order of knighthood and the pinnacle of the Honorific orders of Portugal, and it was created by King Afonso V of Portugal in 1459....
     in 1900
  • 815th Knight
    Knight

    File:Gothic armor 2.jpgKnight is the term for a social position originating in the Middle Ages. In the Commonwealth of Nations, knighthood is a non-heritable form of gentry....
     of the Order of the Garter
    Order of the Garter

    The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry, or knighthood, originating in medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms; it is the pinnacle of the Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom....
     in 1902
  • Order of the Chrysanthemum
    Order of the Chrysanthemum

    The Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum is Japan's highest Order . The Grand Cordon of the Order was established in 1876 by Emperor Meiji of Japan; the collar of the Order was added on January 4, 1888....
    , 1930: Emperor Showa's second brother, Prince Takematsu, traveled to Madrid to confer the Great Collar of the Chrysanthemum on King Alfonso. This honor was intended, in part, to commemorate the diplomatic and trading history which existed long before other Western nations were officially aware of Japan's existence. Princess Takematsu traveled with her husband to Spain. Her symbolic role in this unique mission to the Spanish court was intended to emphasize the international links which were forged by her 16th century ancestor, Ieyasu Tokugawa. In the years before the Tokugawa shogunate
    Tokugawa shogunate

    The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the , and the , was a feudalism regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family....
    , that innovative daimyo
    Daimyo

    The were powerful territorial lords who ruled most of Japan from their vast, hereditary land holdings. The term derives from a shortening of the title , which literally means "great named land" and originally simply referred to the owner of a large estate....
     from Western Japan had been actively involved in negotiating trade and diplomatic treaties with Spain and with the colonies of New Spain (Mexico) and the Philippines; and it was anticipated that mere presence of the Princess could serve to underscore the range of possibilities which could be inferred from that little-known history.


Ancestors



External links



Further reading

  • Churchill, Winston
    Winston Churchill

    Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, Order of the Garter, Order of Merit, Order of the Companions of Honour, Territorial Decoration, Fellow of the Royal Society, Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, Queen's Privy Council for Canada was a Politics of the United Kingdom known chiefly for his leadership of the United King...
    . Great Contemporaries. London: T. Butterworth, 1937. Contains the most famous single account of Alfonso in the English language. The author, writing shortly after the Spanish Civil War began, retained considerable fondness for the ex-sovereign.


  • Collier, William Miller. . Chicago: McClurg, 1912. The author was American ambassador to Spain from 1905 to 1909.


  • Noel, Gerard. Ena: Spain's English Queen. London: Constable, 1985. Considerably more candid than Petrie about Alfonso the private man, and about the miseries the royal family experienced because of their hemophiliac children.


  • Nutail, Zelia. (1906). The Earliest Historical Relations Between Mexico and Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press
    University of California Press

    University of California Press, also known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing....
    .


  • Petrie, Charles
    Charles Petrie

    Sir Charles Alexander Petrie, 3rd Baronet was a popular historian. Of Irish people lineage, but born in Liverpool, he succeeded to the family baronetcy in 1927....
    . King Alfonso XIII and His Age. London: Chapman & Hall, 1963. Written as it was during Queen Ena's lifetime, this book necessarily omits the King's extramarital affairs; but it remains a useful biography, not least because the author knew Alfonso quite well, interviewed him at considerable length, and relates him to the Spanish culture of his time.


  • Pilapil, Vicente R. Alfonso XIII. Twayne's rulers and statesmen of the world series 12. New York: Twayne, 1969.


  • Sencourt, Robert. King Alfonso: A Biography. London: Faber, 1942.


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