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Alexander I of Macedon

 

 
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Alexander I of Macedon
 
 
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Alexander I was ruler of Macedon
Macedon

Macedon or Macedonia was the name of a monarchy centred in the northernmost part of ancient Greece. The homeland of the ancient Macedonians, it was bordered by the kingdom of Epirus to the west and the region of Thrace to the east....
 from 498 BC to 454 BC. He was the son of Amyntas I
Amyntas I of Macedon

Amyntas I, king of Macedon , was atributary vassal of Darius Hystaspes of Iran. With him the history of Macedon may be said to begin. He was the first of its rulers to have relations with other countries; he entered into an alliance with Hippias of Athens, and when Hippias was driven out of Athens he offered him the territory of Anthemus o...
 king of Macedon and Eurydice.

According to Herodotus
Herodotus

Herodotus of Halicarnassus was a Greeks historian who lived in the 5th century BC and is regarded as the "Father of History" in Western culture....
 he was unfriendly to Persia
Persian Empire

The 'Persian Empire' was a series of successive Iranian or Persianization empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland, and beyond in Southwest Asia, South Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus....
, and had the envoys of Darius I
Darius I of Persia

Darius I or Darius the Great was the son of Hystaspes and Persian Empire from 522 BC to 486 BC. Darius is the dominant Latin language spelling used by the Roman historians....
 killed when they arrived at the court of his father during the Ionian Revolt
Ionian Revolt

The Ionian Revolts were triggered by the actions of Aristagoras, the tyrant of the Ionian city of Miletus at the end of the 6th century BC and beginning of the 5th century BC....
. However, he was forced to submit to Persia during the invasion of Greece
Greece

Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....
 by Darius' son Xerxes I, and he acted as a representative of the Persian governor Mardonius
Mardonius

Mardonius was a leading Persian Empire military commander during the Persian Wars with Greece in the early 5th century BC....
 during peace negotiations after the Persian defeat at the Battle of Salamis
Battle of Salamis

The Battle of Salamis , was a naval battle fought between an Alliance of Greece city-states and the Achaemenid Empire of Persia in September 480 BC in the straits between the mainland and Salamis Island, an island in the Saronic Gulf near Athens....
 in 480 BC.






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Quotations


Tell your king (Xerxes), who sent you, how his Greek viceroy of Macedonia has received you hospitably.

Herod. V, 20, 4 Loeb





Encyclopedia


Alexander I was ruler of Macedon
Macedon

Macedon or Macedonia was the name of a monarchy centred in the northernmost part of ancient Greece. The homeland of the ancient Macedonians, it was bordered by the kingdom of Epirus to the west and the region of Thrace to the east....
 from 498 BC to 454 BC. He was the son of Amyntas I
Amyntas I of Macedon

Amyntas I, king of Macedon , was atributary vassal of Darius Hystaspes of Iran. With him the history of Macedon may be said to begin. He was the first of its rulers to have relations with other countries; he entered into an alliance with Hippias of Athens, and when Hippias was driven out of Athens he offered him the territory of Anthemus o...
 king of Macedon and Eurydice.

According to Herodotus
Herodotus

Herodotus of Halicarnassus was a Greeks historian who lived in the 5th century BC and is regarded as the "Father of History" in Western culture....
 he was unfriendly to Persia
Persian Empire

The 'Persian Empire' was a series of successive Iranian or Persianization empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland, and beyond in Southwest Asia, South Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus....
, and had the envoys of Darius I
Darius I of Persia

Darius I or Darius the Great was the son of Hystaspes and Persian Empire from 522 BC to 486 BC. Darius is the dominant Latin language spelling used by the Roman historians....
 killed when they arrived at the court of his father during the Ionian Revolt
Ionian Revolt

The Ionian Revolts were triggered by the actions of Aristagoras, the tyrant of the Ionian city of Miletus at the end of the 6th century BC and beginning of the 5th century BC....
. However, he was forced to submit to Persia during the invasion of Greece
Greece

Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....
 by Darius' son Xerxes I, and he acted as a representative of the Persian governor Mardonius
Mardonius

Mardonius was a leading Persian Empire military commander during the Persian Wars with Greece in the early 5th century BC....
 during peace negotiations after the Persian defeat at the Battle of Salamis
Battle of Salamis

The Battle of Salamis , was a naval battle fought between an Alliance of Greece city-states and the Achaemenid Empire of Persia in September 480 BC in the straits between the mainland and Salamis Island, an island in the Saronic Gulf near Athens....
 in 480 BC. Despite his cooperation with Persia, he frequently gave supplies and advice to the rest of the greek tribes, and warned them of Mardonius' plans before the Battle of Plataea
Battle of Plataea

The Battle of Plataea was the final land battle during the second Persian invasion of Greece. It took place in 479 BC near the city of Plataea in Boeotia, and was fought between an alliance of the Ancient Greece city-states, including Sparta, History of Athens, Corinth, Megara and others, and the Achaemenid Empire of Xerxes I....
 in 479 BC. After the defeat in Plataea the Persian army, under the command of Artabazus
Artabazus

Artabazus was the name of a satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia , under the Achaemenid dynasty of Persian Empire.Artabazus, son of Pharnaces, was one of the generals in Xerxes I' invasion of Greece, in charge of the reserve forces guarding the route back to Asia, and responsible for suppressing a revolt in Potidaea....
 tried to retreat all the way back to Asia Minor. Most of the 43,000 survivors were attacked and killed by the forces of Alexander at the estuary of the Strymon river
Struma River

The Struma or Strym?nas is a river in Bulgaria and Greece. Its Ancient Greek name was Strymon . Its catchment area is 10,800 km?. It takes its source from the Vitosha in Bulgaria, runs first westward, then southward, enters Greece territory at the Kula village and flows into the Aegean Sea, near Amphipolis in the Serres prefectur...
. Alexander eventually regained Macedons independence after the end of the Persian Wars.

Alexander claimed descent from Argive
Argos

Argos is a city in Greece in the Peloponnese near Nafplion, which was its historic harbour, named for Nauplius ....
 Greeks and Heracles
Heracles

In Greek mythology, Heracles or Herakles meaning "glory of Hera", or "Glorious through Hera" Alcides or Alcaeus " was a hero, the son of Zeus and Alcmene, foster son of Amphitryon and great-grandson of Perseus....
, although Macedon was considered a "barbaric" state by a minority of greek tribesmen, whose territories were threatened by its expansion. After a court of Elean hellanodikai
Hellanodikai

The Hellanodikai were the judges of the Ancient Olympic Games, and the success of the games are attributed to their efforts. It was their sacred duty to maintain the standards and legacy of the games, as well as uphold the rules....
 determined his claim to be true, he was permitted to participate in the Olympic Games
Ancient Olympic Games

The Ancient Olympic Games, originally referred to as simply the Olympic Games were a series of athletic competitions held for representatives of various city-states of Ancient Greece....
 possibly in 504 BC an honor reserved only for Greeks. He modeled his court after Athens
Athens

Athens , the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery; as one of the List of cities by time of continuous habitation, its recorded history spans around 3,400 years....
 and was a patron of the poets Pindar
Pindar

Pindar , was an Ancient Greek Lyric poetry poet.Of the canonical nine lyric poets of ancient Greece, Pindar is the one whose work is by far the best preserved, and critics in antiquity tended to regard him as the greatest....
 and Bacchylides
Bacchylides

Bacchylides was an Ancient Greek Lyric poetry poet. Later Greeks included him in the canonical list of nine lyric poets which included his uncle Simonides....
 , who both of them dedicated poems to Alexander.

Succession


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