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Alexander Campbell (Restoration movement)

 
Alexander Campbell (Restoration Movement)

 
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Alexander Campbell (Restoration movement)
 
 
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Alexander Campbell (12 September 1788 – 1866) was an early leader in the Second Great Awakening
Second Great Awakening

The Second Great Awakening   was a period of great religious revival that extended into the antebellum period of the United States, with widespread Christian evangelism and conversions....
 of the religious movement that has been referred to as the Restoration
Restoration Movement

The Restoration Movement began during the Second Great Awakening early nineteenth century as a movement to reform the church and unite Christians....
, or Stone-Campbell Movement. The Campbell wing of the movement began with the publication in Washington County, Pennsylvania, of The Declaration and Address of the Christian Association of Washington
Declaration and address

The Declaration and Address was written by Thomas Campbell in 1809. It was the founding document for the Christian Association of Washington, a short lived religious movement of the 19th century....
 in 1809, by his Father, Thomas Campbell
Thomas Campbell (Restoration movement)

Thomas Campbell was a Presbyterian Minister of religion, Born in County Down, Ireland. With his son Alexander Campbell , began a religious reform movement on the American Frontier which would later be known as the Restoration Movement....
.






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Alexander Campbell 1788
Alexander Campbell (12 September 1788 – 1866) was an early leader in the Second Great Awakening
Second Great Awakening

The Second Great Awakening   was a period of great religious revival that extended into the antebellum period of the United States, with widespread Christian evangelism and conversions....
 of the religious movement that has been referred to as the Restoration
Restoration Movement

The Restoration Movement began during the Second Great Awakening early nineteenth century as a movement to reform the church and unite Christians....
, or Stone-Campbell Movement. The Campbell wing of the movement began with the publication in Washington County, Pennsylvania, of The Declaration and Address of the Christian Association of Washington
Declaration and address

The Declaration and Address was written by Thomas Campbell in 1809. It was the founding document for the Christian Association of Washington, a short lived religious movement of the 19th century....
 in 1809, by his Father, Thomas Campbell
Thomas Campbell (Restoration movement)

Thomas Campbell was a Presbyterian Minister of religion, Born in County Down, Ireland. With his son Alexander Campbell , began a religious reform movement on the American Frontier which would later be known as the Restoration Movement....
. In 1832 The group of reformers led by the Campbells merged with a similar group that had begun in Kentucky under the leadership of Barton W. Stone
Barton W. Stone

Barton Warren Stone was an important preacher during the Second Great Awakening of the early 19th century. He became first a Presbyterian minister, then was expelled for his beliefs in faith as the sole prerequisite for salvation, after the Cane Ridge, Kentucky revival....
. Several American church groups trace their history to Campbell's leadership, including the Churches of Christ, the Independent Christian Churches/Churches of Christ
Independent Christian Churches/Churches of Christ

The Independent Christian Churches/Churches of Christ are a part of the Restoration Movement and share historical roots with the Christian Church and the a cappella Churches of Christ....
 and the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)
Christian Church (Disciples of Christ)

The Christian Church is a Mainline Protestant denomination in North America. It is often referred to as The Christian Church, Disciples of Christ, or more simply as The Disciples....
.

Campbell was born 12 September 1788 near Ballymena
Ballymena

Ballymena is a town in County Antrim, Northern Ireland and the seat of Ballymena Borough Council. Ballymena had a population of 28,717 people in the United Kingdom Census 2001....
, County Antrim
County Antrim

County Antrim is one of six Counties of Northern Ireland that form Northern Ireland, and one of nine counties that historically and geographically constitute the Province of Ulster....
, Ireland
Ireland

Ireland is the List of islands by area in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islet....
. He was educated at the University of Glasgow
University of Glasgow

The University of Glasgow was founded in 1451, in Glasgow, Scotland, and, along with its contemporary institution, the University of St Andrews, it formed the Kingdom of Scotland's equivalent to Oxbridge....
, and was greatly influenced by Scottish Enlightenment
Scottish Enlightenment

The Scottish Enlightenment was the period in 18th century Scotland characterised by an outpouring of intellectual and scientific accomplishments....
 philosophy, particularly that of John Locke
John Locke

John Locke was an English philosopher. Locke is considered the first of the British Empiricism, but is equally important to social contract theory....
. At age 21, Alexander traveled from Scotland with his mother and siblings, to join Thomas who had migrated to America in 1807. Alexander and the rest of the family arrived just prior to publication of The Declaration and Address, in 1809. Alexander soon became a significant leader among the reformers.

He edited and published two journals: The Christian Baptist from 1823 through 1830 and then The Millennial Harbinger from 1830 until his death in 1866. In both, he advocated the reform of Christianity as practiced on the American Frontier.

He wrote several books, including The Christian System. He also wrote hymns, including Upon the Banks of Jordan Stood. Campbell compiled and published a translation of the New Testament under the title The Living Oracles. Published in 1826, it was based on a 17th century translation, with edits by Campbell. He served as a delegate to the Virginia
Virginia

The Commonwealth of Virginia is an United States U.S. state on the East Coast of the United States of the Southern United States. The state is known as the "Old Dominion" and sometimes as "Mother of Presidents", because it is the birthplace of Lists of United States Presidents by place of birth#By state....
 constitutional convention held in the 1830s which led that state toward a more powerful executive branch of government
Government

Government is the body within any organization that has the authority to make and the power to enforce laws, regulations, or rules. Typically, the government refers to a civil government -- local, provincial, or national -- but commercial, academic, religious, or other formal organizations are also administered by governing bodies....
. In 1840, He founded Bethany College
Bethany College (West Virginia)

Bethany College, is a private liberal arts college in the hills of Bethany, West Virginia. Founded in 1840, it is West Virginia's second oldest degree-granting institution....
 in Bethany, Virginia (now Bethany, West Virginia
Bethany, West Virginia

Bethany is a town in Brooke County, West Virginia, West Virginia, United States. It is part of the Weirton, West Virginia–Steubenville, Ohio, WV-Ohio Weirton-Steubenville metropolitan area....
).

Campbell died 4 March 1866.

Sources

  • Challen, James (editor), Biographical Sketch of Alexander Campbell, Ladies' Christian Annual, March, 1857 (Volume VI, No. 3), Philadelphia: James Challen, Publisher. Pages 81-90.
  • Foster, Douglas, et al., The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005.
  • Holloway, Gary, , Restoration Quarterly, Vol. 37/No. 1 (1995) Accessed 1 - Nov 2008.
  • McAllister, Lester and Tucker, William E. Journey in Faith St. Louis, Missouri: The Bethany Press, 1975.
  • Richardson, Robert. Memoirs of Alexander Campbell. In two volumes. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1871.


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