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Al-Juwayni was a Sunni Shafi'i hadith
Hadith

Hadith are oral traditions relating to the words and deeds of the Prophets of Islam Muhammad. Hadith collections are regarded by all traditional madhab as important tools for determining the Muslim way of life, the sunnah....
 and Kalam
Kalam

Kalam is the Islamic philosophy of seeking Islamic theology principles through dialectic. In Arabic language the word literally means "speech"....
 scholar.

mam al-Haramayn Dhia' ul-Din Abd al-Malik ibn Yusuf al-Juwayni al-Shafi'i (419H - 478H)

Biography
He was one of the most famous and perhaps most important (after Imam Ash'ari
Ash'ari

The Ash?ari theology is a school of early Kalam founded by the theologian Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari . The disciples of the school are known as Ash'arites, and the school is also referred to as Ash'arite school....
 himself) of the scholars of the Asharite school of theological thought.

His full name was Abd al-Malik ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Yusuf, Abu al-Ma'ali al-Juwayni al-Shafi'i.






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Al-Juwayni was a Sunni Shafi'i hadith
Hadith

Hadith are oral traditions relating to the words and deeds of the Prophets of Islam Muhammad. Hadith collections are regarded by all traditional madhab as important tools for determining the Muslim way of life, the sunnah....
 and Kalam
Kalam

Kalam is the Islamic philosophy of seeking Islamic theology principles through dialectic. In Arabic language the word literally means "speech"....
 scholar.

Name

Imam al-Haramayn Dhia' ul-Din Abd al-Malik ibn Yusuf al-Juwayni al-Shafi'i (419H - 478H)

Biography


He was one of the most famous and perhaps most important (after Imam Ash'ari
Ash'ari

The Ash?ari theology is a school of early Kalam founded by the theologian Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari . The disciples of the school are known as Ash'arites, and the school is also referred to as Ash'arite school....
 himself) of the scholars of the Asharite school of theological thought.

His full name was Abd al-Malik ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Yusuf, Abu al-Ma'ali al-Juwayni al-Shafi'i. He was the teacher of the famous Sufi and Islamic scholar Imam al-Ghazali
Al-Ghazali

Abu ?amid Mu?ammad ibn Mu?ammad al-Ghazali was born and died in Tus, in the Khorasan province of Persia. He was an Islamic theology, Fiqh, Islamic philosophy, Islamic astronomy, Islamic psychology and Sufism of Persian people origin, and remains one of the most celebrated scholars in the history of Sunni Islamic thought....
.

He was also known by the nickname of 'Imam al-Haramayn meaning 'the Imam of the two sanctuaries' (i.e Mekka and Medina
Medina

Medina is a city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia, and serves as the capital of the Al Madinah Province. It is the second holiest city in Islam, and the burial place of the Prophet Muhammad....
) He served in the Nizamiyya seminaries built by the Seljuq Turks
Turkish people

The Turkish people , also known as "Turks" are defined mainly as citizens of the Republic of Turkey. An early history text provided the definition of being a Turk as "any individual within the Republic of Turkey, whatever his faith who speaks Turkish, grows up with Turkish culture and adopts the Turkish ideal is a Turk." This ideal...
 who favoured the Asharite school of thought where he educated numerous scholars of the Asharite school.

Some modern Muslims who belong to the Salafi
Salafi

Salafi , is an Islamic movement that takes the ancestors of the patristic period of early Islam as models.Early usage of the term appears in the book Al-Ansab by Abu Sa'd Abd al-Kareem al-Sama'ni, who died in the year 1166 ....
  have claimed that al-Juwayni abandoned the Asharite school of thought for their own school of thought (a more literalist interpretation preached by ibn Taymiyah, and his student ibn al-Qayyim
Ibn al-Qayyim

Ibn al-Qayyim was a famous Sunni Faqih, Tafsir on the Qur'an, Islamic astronomy, Alchemy and chemistry in Islam, Islamic philosophy, Islamic psychological thought, Islamic science and Kalam....
) . Needless to say, Asharites refute such a claim. The links below provide both sides to the argument.

Legacy

Al-Dhahabi
Al-Dhahabi

Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn `Uthman ibn Qaymaz ibn `Abd Allah, Shams al-Din Abu `Abd Allah al-Turkmani al-Diyarbakri al-Fariqi al-Dimashqi al-Dhahabi al-Shafi`i , known as Al-Dhahabi , a Shafi'i Muhaddith and Historiography of early Islam of Muslim history, was born in Damascus in 1274 CE/673 AH....
 says in Tadhkirat al-huffaz
Tadhkirat al-huffaz

Tadhkirat al-huffaz is a 13th century collection, authored by Sunni Islam Islamic scholar Al-Dhahabi.It has been reprinted in an abridged version by Suyuti named Tabaqat al-huffaz....
, vol. 4, p. 298, that al-Juwayni was a great scholar of Hadith.

Also see his biographical note in Ibn Hajar Asqalani
Ibn Hajar Asqalani

Al-Haafidh Shihabuddin Abu'l-Fadl Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Muhammad, better known as Ibn Hajar due to a fame of his forefathers, al-Asqalani due to his origin , was a medieval Shafi'i Sunni scholar of Islam who represents the entire realm of the Sunni world in the field of Hadith....
 , al-Durar al-kaminah, vol. 1, p. 67.

He was one of the most famous teachers of the Asharite theology alongside al-Bayhaqi, Shatibi and others. Due to him teaching at the Nizamiyya school and it's patronage by the Seljuqs he was a contributing factor to the spread of the Asharite school in the Islamic world.

Works

  • Fara'id al-Simtayn
    Fara'id al-Simtayn

    Fara'id al-Simtayn is a hadith collection by Al-Juwayni....


In fiqh
Fiqh

Fiqh is Islamic jurisprudence. Fiqh is an expansion of the Sharia Islamic law?based directly on the Quran and Sunnah?that complements Shariah with evolving Fatwa/interpretations of Ulema....
: Ghiyath al-Umam, Mughith al-Khalq, Nihaya al-Matlab fi Diraya al-Madhhab ("The End of the Quest in the Knowledge of the [Shafi'i] School"), his magnum opus, which Ibn 'Asakir said had no precedent in Islam, and Mukhtasar al-Nihaya.

In usūl
Usul

In Ottoman classical music, usul is an underlying rhythmic cycle that complements the melodic rhythm and sometimes helps shape the overall structure of a composition....
: al-Burhan, al-Talkhis, and al-Waraqat.

In kalam
Kalam

Kalam is the Islamic philosophy of seeking Islamic theology principles through dialectic. In Arabic language the word literally means "speech"....
: al-Shamil, al-Irshad (a book which has been translated into English), and al-Nizamiyya.

See also

  • Islamic scholars


External links


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