Al-Ali (tribe)
Encyclopedia
Al-Ali is an Arab tribe a branch of Bani Malik
Bani Malik
Bani Malik is a village in west-central Yemen. It is located in the San‘a’ Governorate.-External links:*...

 originally from Central Arabia. Most of the tribe migrated by the end of 16th century from what is now Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , commonly known in British English as Saudi Arabia and in Arabic as as-Sa‘ūdiyyah , is the largest state in Western Asia by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the second-largest in the Arab World...

 to different neighboring countries.Members of Al-Ali tribe live in Saudi Arabia (especially in Ha'il), the UAE, Qatar
Qatar
Qatar , also known as the State of Qatar or locally Dawlat Qaṭar, is a sovereign Arab state, located in the Middle East, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the much larger Arabian Peninsula. Its sole land border is with Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its...

, Kuwait
Kuwait
The State of Kuwait is a sovereign Arab state situated in the north-east of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south at Khafji, and Iraq to the north at Basra. It lies on the north-western shore of the Persian Gulf. The name Kuwait is derived from the...

, Bahrain
Bahrain
' , officially the Kingdom of Bahrain , is a small island state near the western shores of the Persian Gulf. It is ruled by the Al Khalifa royal family. The population in 2010 stood at 1,214,705, including 235,108 non-nationals. Formerly an emirate, Bahrain was declared a kingdom in 2002.Bahrain is...

, Iraq
Iraq
Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....

 and Jordan
Jordan
Jordan , officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan , Al-Mamlaka al-Urduniyya al-Hashemiyya) is a kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan. The country borders Saudi Arabia to the east and south-east, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north and the West Bank and Israel to the west, sharing...

 .

Al-Ali Emirate is the royal family of Ha'il
Ha'il
Ha'il , also spelled Hail, Ha'yel, or Hayil, is an oasis city in Nejd in northwestern Saudi Arabia. It is the capital of the Ha'il Province. The city has a population of 356,876 according to Ha'il Province....

 city, which became a part of Saudi. Arabia in 1921. Members of this Emirate were originally the princes and rulers of Ha'il.The tribe came under control of Ibn Saud in 1921

In 1792, the ruler of Ha'il, Prince Mohammad Bin Abd Al-Muhsin Al Ali, aligned himself with the First Saudi Government and continued to rule Ha'il until 1834 when Abdullah Al-Reshaid took control of Ha'il city and the Arabian Peninsula. Al-Reshaid Emirate was an extension of Al-Ali (they share the same bloodlines).

The Al-Reshaid Family is a part of Al-Kalil which is a part of Alja'far and all of these families are related to Abda.

Ha'il city was ruled by: Mohammad Bin Abd Almuhsin Al Ali from 1792–1818. Saleh Bin Abd Almuhsin Al Ali from 1818–1834. Eissa Bin Abd Almuhsin Al Ali, recovered the Emirate from Al-Reshaid in 1837. The Emirate is now controlled by the Al Baijan family, who are a part of this tribe.

The Al-Baijan Family is located in Ha'il.

Sources:
  1. History of the Saudi Government, by Amin Saeed; Fair Imam, by Abdul Hamid Al-Khatib; The Political History of Kuwait, by Hussein Al Sheikh.
  2. Notes and Stories by elderly people.

Al-Ali tribe in Iraq

The tribal pattern in Iraq for the last four centuries is such that tribes are grouped under different banners Raya (راية, plural Rayat) and areas of influence. These groups are not necessarily blood-related but they are tribal congregations, each one stems from its own ancestry and ruled by the Shaikh (شيخ), and cooperate in war under the same banner. However, two or three tribes (Asheera عشيرة pl. Ashayer) may have the same ancestry and cooperate in war under one banner and commanded by one leader who is called Shaikh of the shaikhs (Shaikh al Mashayikh شيخ المشايخ ). The shaikh's ancestors may not be the same as those of his tribe that he commands.

Any tribe can have the name of the bigger group or keeps its name. Persons too can do the same e.g. one can be called Al-Maliki (related to Malik, the ancestor of the bigger group) and at the same time he is called Al-Ali (related to Ali), which is one of the Maliki
Bani Malik (tribe)
Bani Malik or Banu Malik is one of the major Arab tribes of the Arabian Peninsula. They are descendants of Malik al-Ashtar who fought with Ali ibn Abi Talib, the cousin of prophet Mohammad...

 offshoots. Some members of Al-Ali tribe call themselves Bani Hasan
Bani Hasan
Bani Hasan is the name of a tribal area in Ras al-Khaimah.-References:*Gazeteer of the United Arab Emirates. Washington, D.C. : Defense Mapping Agency, 1987....

 (the sons of Hasan) which is another tribe of the same Maliki group.

This tribal system dates back to the pre-Islamic era.

Habits of Iraqi tribes

Every Shaikh of an Iraqui tribe has a guest house called Madheef (مضيف) for hosting of the tribe's guests and refugees fleeing a tribunal
Tribunal
A tribunal in the general sense is any person or institution with the authority to judge, adjudicate on, or determine claims or disputes—whether or not it is called a tribunal in its title....

 too.

A settler Arab tribe has its own order of penalties and fines, called Swani (سواني), for crimes committed on its territory, in contrast to nomadic ones. Homicide and rape crimes are resolved by offering the men of the victim tribe a number of women to marry. If the assailant tribe is of another race, women are not accepted but instead they "Diyya" (د ية) in form of money or cattle. Women can only be accepted from a white tribe which is allied to the black tribe.

Al Ali tribe (آل علي)

They are one of the offshoots of Bani Malik
Bani Malik (tribe)
Bani Malik or Banu Malik is one of the major Arab tribes of the Arabian Peninsula. They are descendants of Malik al-Ashtar who fought with Ali ibn Abi Talib, the cousin of prophet Mohammad...

 (بني مالك) In the 16th century AD they moved north from central Arabia , UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain and Jordan, but others had relocated in Iraq as described.

In the 13 th century AD they had 4000 warriors, but most of them died in the plague of 1247 A.H=1887 AD. And the number of their warriors being reduced to 150 only. At 1260 AH=1900 AD during the reign of their shaikh, Isa ibn Ehdaib, there was a severe drought which made them leave their land on the eastern bank of Euphrates
Euphrates
The Euphrates is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia. Together with the Tigris, it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia...

 and migrated near AI-Hindyiah branch of Euphrates, to the village called Janaja and some migrated to AI-Shamyiah to a place called AI-Kharabah which was given by Shaikh Thirib ibn Emghamis Al-Khaza'ali. Many of AI-Ali's still live in that area around Um-Hayaya river in Najaf Governorate.

Al Ali offshoots

An offshoot is called Fakhd (فخذ)
  • Al-Mahasna
  • Al Bkhair
  • Al Daoud
  • Al-Hayachla
  • Al Faraj (Al Ali): A tribe in its own right, and they kept the name of the main tribe. Faraj and Ali are brothers.


These divide into:
  • Al Gati آل كاطع- In Janaja village and in the township of Al Hindiyah (also called Twairij) on the bank of Al-Hindyiah branch of Euphrates river. The families Albu Haj Ali and Albu Muhsin are some of those who descended from the Al Gati offshoot of Al Ali.
  • Al-Rowaj'ih
  • Al Shaiba
  • Al-Matareef
  • An offshoot in the township of Al-Daghara, whose successors are Kashif Al-Ghita'a and Al Khidhir families. Kashif Al-Gita'a family is renowned by its clergymen, Shaikh Ja'afar Kashif Al-Ghita'a

Deceased

  • Shaikh Khidhir ibn Mohammad ibnYahya ibn Mutar ibn Saif Aldeen Al-Janaji Al-Maliki, the great father of Al Kashif AI-Ghita'a family in Najaf in Iraq.
  • Shaikh Ja'afar, the son of above. He is the one who was given the title of Kashif Al-Ghita'a which means "the revealer of all the theological sciences and knowledge".
  • Shaikh Mohammad Hussein Kashif Al-Ghita'a, the philosopher and politician of the early 20th century and an author of many publications on theology, sociology and politics.
  • Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin
    Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin
    Muhammad Hassan Abi Al-Mahasin Al-Karbala'ie Al-Maliki was an Iraqi poet and politician. He was one of the leaders of the Iraqi revolution against the British occupation during and after the First World War. Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin was the president of the Revolutionary Council then in 1920...

    , a poet and a politician. He is one of the leaders of the Iraqi revolution against the British occupation during and after the First World War. He was the president of the Revolutionary Council then (Al-majlis Al-milli المجلس الملي) in 1920. He became the Minister of Education in the first national government of the Royal Reign of King Faisal I after independence in 1922. He is one of Albu Muhsin family of Al Ghati offshoot of Al Ali. He is the grandfather of Nouri al-Maliki
    Nouri al-Maliki
    Nouri Kamil Mohammed Hasan al-Maliki , also known as Jawad al-Maliki or Abu Esraa, is the Prime Minister of Iraq and the secretary-general of the Islamic Dawa Party. Al-Maliki and his government succeeded the Iraqi Transitional Government. He is currently in his second term as Prime Minister...

     the prime minister of Iraq since 2006.
  • Shaikh Ali Kashif Al-Ghita'a, former president of the Islamic Conference Organization, a clergyman and a writer.
  • Shaikh Rawi Al-Waddai, one of the leaders of the Iraqi revolution in 1920 and the shaikh of Al Ali tribe then.

Contemporaries

  • Abdul-Muhsin Al-Ali, Oil engineer
  • Dr. Mahmoud Mohammad Hussein Al-Shalkh -Ali, civil engineer who has settled in UK since 1953. He is famous in publishing scientific research in geotechnology .
  • Dhia Yahya Al-Ali, a high ranking politician in Iraq and ex-governor of Salahuddin governorate in Iraq and MP until 2003.
  • Dr. Muneer Abdul-Munim Al-Ali, urologist and transplantation surgeon. One of the pioneers of organ transplantation in Iraq who lived in New Zealand (1997–1999), and moved to UK since 1999. He is famous in publishing innovative articles in urology and transplantation.
  • Nouri al-Maliki
    Nouri al-Maliki
    Nouri Kamil Mohammed Hasan al-Maliki , also known as Jawad al-Maliki or Abu Esraa, is the Prime Minister of Iraq and the secretary-general of the Islamic Dawa Party. Al-Maliki and his government succeeded the Iraqi Transitional Government. He is currently in his second term as Prime Minister...

    , (the grandson of Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin
    Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin
    Muhammad Hassan Abi Al-Mahasin Al-Karbala'ie Al-Maliki was an Iraqi poet and politician. He was one of the leaders of the Iraqi revolution against the British occupation during and after the First World War. Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin was the president of the Revolutionary Council then in 1920...

    , of Albu-Muhsin family) , Iraqi Prime Minister (2006– now ), the third prime minister after the overthrow of Saddam Hussain.


All the above contemporaries are from the Al Ghati offshoot of Al Ali.

Genealogy

The eldest member of the tribe, Abdul-Muhsin (brother of Abdul-Munim), Ibn Ali, lbn Hussein (brother of Al-Shaikh-Ali), Ibn Hammadi, Ibn Haj Ali, Ibn Mohammad, lbn Muhanna, lbn Hussein ( brother of Sultan, the ancestor of Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin
Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin
Muhammad Hassan Abi Al-Mahasin Al-Karbala'ie Al-Maliki was an Iraqi poet and politician. He was one of the leaders of the Iraqi revolution against the British occupation during and after the First World War. Muhammad Hasan Abi al-Mahasin was the president of the Revolutionary Council then in 1920...

 the grand father of Nouri Al-Maliki, the current Iraqi prime minister), lbn Ghati, lbn Saif Aldeen (AI-Maliki) lbn Ehdaib, lbn Hirkil, Ibn ALI (after whom the tribe is named), lbn Sagr, lbn Abi-Woram, lbn Abi-Firas, Ibn Isa, Ibn Najm, Ibn Woram, lbn Hamad, Ibn Khoulan, lbn Ibrahim, lbn Malik Al-Ashtar, Ibn Al-Harith, lbn Abd-Yaluth, lbn Salama, lbn Rabi'aa, Ibn Jarid, lbn Juthaima, Ibn Sa'ad, lbn Malik, lbn Nakh' ,lbn Amr, lbn Illa, lbn Abs, Ibn Jalad, Ibn Amr, Ibn Khoulan, lbn Malik, Ibn Haritha (Khuza'a), Ibn Amr, Ibn Muzaqiba, lbn Arib, Ibn Yashjub, Ibn Zayd, Ibn Kahlan, lbn Abd Shams Saba'a (Sheba
Sheba
Sheba was a kingdom mentioned in the Jewish scriptures and the Qur'an...

) The Great, Ibn Yashjub Ibn Yarab (after whose name are the Arabs) lbn Qahtan (Joktan
Joktan
Joktan or Yoktan was the second of the two sons of Eber mentioned in the Hebrew Bible. His name means "small" or "smallness"....

 of the old testament) (born B.C. 2246) Ibn ‘Abin ruler of Sheba
Sheba
Sheba was a kingdom mentioned in the Jewish scriptures and the Qur'an...

.

Other three Al-Azd branches

In addition to the aforementioned Khuza'a branch who settled Hijaz and Mecca, the other three sons of Amr Ibn Muzaqiba have led the other 3 branches of Al-Azd in 3rd century AD to various destinations, after the flooding of their city Ma'Arab, when its dam had been destroyed by a deluge
  1. Azd
    Azd
    The Azd or Al Azd, are an Arabian tribe. They were a branch of the Kahlan tribe, which was one of the two branches of Qahtan the other being Himyar.In the ancient times, they inhabited Ma'rib, the capital city of the Sabaean Kingdom in modern-day Yemen...

     Oman– descendants of Imran Ibn Amr Ibn Muzaqiba, who were established in western Arabia and invaded Karman and Shiraz in southern Persia.
  2. Ghassanids
    Ghassanids
    The Ghassanids were a group of South Arabian Christian tribes that emigrated in the early 3rd century from Yemen to Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and the Holy Land....

     (Azd
    Azd
    The Azd or Al Azd, are an Arabian tribe. They were a branch of the Kahlan tribe, which was one of the two branches of Qahtan the other being Himyar.In the ancient times, they inhabited Ma'rib, the capital city of the Sabaean Kingdom in modern-day Yemen...

     Syria) – descendants of Jafna Ibn Amr Ibn Muzaqiba, who today make up the majority of Arab Christians in Lebanon.
  3. Azd
    Azd
    The Azd or Al Azd, are an Arabian tribe. They were a branch of the Kahlan tribe, which was one of the two branches of Qahtan the other being Himyar.In the ancient times, they inhabited Ma'rib, the capital city of the Sabaean Kingdom in modern-day Yemen...

    Yathrib – descendants of Tha’laba Ibn Amr Ibn Muzaqiba, of his seed are the Aws and Khazraj sons of Haritha Ibn Tha’alaba who are both called the Ansar who produced the great Nasrid dynasty in Granada
    Granada
    Granada is a city and the capital of the province of Granada, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Granada is located at the foot of the Sierra Nevada mountains, at the confluence of three rivers, the Beiro, the Darro and the Genil. It sits at an elevation of 738 metres above sea...

     in Andalus
    Andalus
    Al-Andalus Ensemble is an award-winning husband and wife musical duo that performs contemporary Andalusian music. The ensemble features Tarik Banzi playing oud, ney and darbuka, and Julia Banzi on flamenco guitar...

     (Spain
    Spain
    Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

    ).

Other influential people or various branches of Al-Azd

  • The Ghassanids of Syria
  • The Roman Emperor (Philip the Arab
    Philip the Arab
    Philip the Arab , also known as Philip or Philippus Arabs, was Roman Emperor from 244 to 249. He came from Syria, and rose to become a major figure in the Roman Empire. He achieved power after the death of Gordian III, quickly negotiating peace with the Sassanid Empire...

    ), a Ghassanid Arab from Syria, ruled between 244–249 AD.
  • The Nassrid Dynasty , ruled Granada
    Granada
    Granada is a city and the capital of the province of Granada, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Granada is located at the foot of the Sierra Nevada mountains, at the confluence of three rivers, the Beiro, the Darro and the Genil. It sits at an elevation of 738 metres above sea...

     between 1232–1492, the last Arab dynasty in Andalus
    Andalus
    Al-Andalus Ensemble is an award-winning husband and wife musical duo that performs contemporary Andalusian music. The ensemble features Tarik Banzi playing oud, ney and darbuka, and Julia Banzi on flamenco guitar...

    (now Spain
    Spain
    Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...

    )
  • The Xiberras (Gebara/Sceberras) nobility of Malta (Christian Ghassanid migrants from Alexanderia)
  • The Muscati Maltese nobility of Arab Siculo origin (Azd Uman) converted to Chritianity in the 12th century.
  • Maurice Xiberras
    Maurice Xiberras
    Maurice Xiberras is a retired Gibraltarian teacher, trade unionist and politician. He is regarded as being a strong defender of British sovereignty, who believes there is no future for Gibraltar without the continuing close relationship with the United Kingdom....

     the first leader of the Democratic Party of British Gibraltar. He is of Maltese (Sceberras/Gebara) nobility
  • The Dawasir
    Dawasir
    The Al Dawasir is an Arabian bedouin tribe divided into clans and families. The word Dawasir is plural for Dosari...

     tribe of Saudi Arabia
    Saudi Arabia
    The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , commonly known in British English as Saudi Arabia and in Arabic as as-Sa‘ūdiyyah , is the largest state in Western Asia by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the second-largest in the Arab World...

     and the Persian Gulf
    Persian Gulf
    The Persian Gulf, in Southwest Asia, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.The Persian Gulf was the focus of the 1980–1988 Iran-Iraq War, in which each side attacked the other's oil tankers...

  • Jabir ibn Hayyan, a famous alchemist
  • Ibn Duraid
    Ibn Duraid
    Ibn Duraid ابن دريد الأزدي , Arab poet and philologist, was born at Basra...

     Al-Azdi, poet
  • Khalil ibn Ahmad
    Khalil ibn Ahmad
    Abu ‘Abd ar-Rahmān al-Khalīl ibn Ahmad al-Farāhīdī , more commonly known as al-Farahidi, was a philologist from southern Arabia . His best known contributions are Kitab al-'Ayn , the current standard for Harakat , and the invention al-'arud . He moved to Basra, Iraq, he was Ibadi...

     Al-Farahidi, written the first Arabic dictionary (Kitab Al-Ayn), he is the teacher of Sibewayh
  • Kuthayyir
    Kuthayyir
    Kuthayyir ibn 'Abd al-Rahman al-Mulahi , commonly known as Kuthayyir 'Azza was an Arab 'Udhri poet of the Umayyad period from the tribe of Azd. He was born in Medina and resided in Hijaz and Egypt. In his poems he was occupied with his unfullfilled love to a married woman named 'Azza. Favorite...

    , poet, called Kuthayyir Azza
  • Ibn al-Banna
    Ibn al-Banna
    Ibn al‐Bannāʾ al‐Marrākushī al-Azdi also known as Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Uthman al-Azdi. [29) December 1256 – c. 1321) was a Moroccan mathematician, astronomer, Islamic scholar, Sufi, and a one time astrologer....

    , mathmetician and astronomer
  • Jabir ibn Zayd Al-Azdi, the co-founder of the Ibadi sect of Islam
  • The Al Nahyan
    Al Nahyan
    Al Nahyan is a neighborhood of Abu Dhabi. It is named after the Al Nahyan family. It contains the Al Nahyan Stadium....

     Dynasy of United Arab Emirates
    United Arab Emirates
    The United Arab Emirates, abbreviated as the UAE, or shortened to "the Emirates", is a state situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman, and Saudi Arabia, and sharing sea borders with Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, and Iran.The UAE is a...

  • Mohalib
    Mohalib
    Al Muhallab bin Abi Suffrah, , also known as Abu Said., Azdi Arab warrior and general, originally from Dibba on present day Oman-UAE border. He was an important participant in the political developments of his time and the object of many poets praise...

     Ibn Abi Suffrah, military commander of Persia and Arabia at the time of Umayyad
    Umayyad
    The Umayyad Caliphate was the second of the four major Arab caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. It was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty, whose name derives from Umayya ibn Abd Shams, the great-grandfather of the first Umayyad caliph. Although the Umayyad family originally came from the...

     caliphate, leader of the Islamic forays into India
    India
    India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

     and Sindh
    Sindh
    Sindh historically referred to as Ba'ab-ul-Islam , is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. It is also locally known as the "Mehran". Though Muslims form the largest religious group in Sindh, a good number of Christians, Zoroastrians and Hindus can...

    .
  • nasirids of gernade
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
x
OK