Aeolic Greek

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Aeolic Greek

Aeolic (i?'?l?k) or Aeolian (i?'??l??n) Greek (also known as Lesbian Greek) is a linguistic

Linguistics

Linguistics is the science study of natural language. Linguistics encompasses a number of sub-fields. An important topical division is between the study of language structure and the study of Meaning ....
term used to describe a set of rather archaic

Archaic period in Greece

The archaic period in Greece is a period of Ancient Greece history. The term originated in the 18th century and has been standard since. This term arose from the study of Greek art, where it refers to styles mainly of Decorative art and Plastic arts, falling in time between Geometric Art and the art of Classical Greece....
Greek

Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
sub-dialect

Dialect

A dialect is a variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers. The term is applied most often to regional speech patterns, but a dialect may also be defined by other factors, such as social class....
s, spoken mainly in Boeotia

Boeotia

Boeotia, Beotia, or B?otia , formerly Cadmeis, was a region of ancient Greece, north of the eastern part of the Gulf of Corinth. It was bounded on the south by Megaris and the Kithairon mountain range that forms a natural barrier with Attica, on the north by Opuntian Locris and the Euripus Strait at the Gulf of Euboea, and on the...
(a region in Central Greece

Greece

Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , is a country in southeastern Europe, situated on the southern end of the Balkans. It has borders with Albania, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to the north, and Turkey to the east....
), in Lesbos

Lesbos Island

Lesbos is a Greece List of islands of Greece located in the northeastern Aegean Sea. It has an area of 1632 Square kilometre with 320 kilometres of coastline, making it the third largest Greek island and the largest of the numerous Greek islands scattered in the Aegean....
(an island close to Asia Minor) and in other Greek colonies.

The Aeolic dialect shows many archaism

Archaism

In language, an archaism is the use of a form of speech or writing that is no longer current. This can either be done deliberately or as part of a specific jargon or formula ....
s, in comparison to the other Greek dialects (i.e. Ionian-Attic, Doric

Doric Greek

Doric or Dorian was a ancient Greek dialects of ancient Greek Greek language. Its variants were spoken in the southern and eastern Peloponnese, Crete, Rhodes, some islands in the southern Aegean Sea, some cities on the coasts of Asia Minor, Southern Italy, Sicily, Epirus and Macedon....
, Northwestern and Arcado-Cypriot

Arcadocypriot

Arcadocypriot or southern Achaeans was an ancient Greek dialects spoken in Arcadia in the central Peloponnese and Cyprus. Its resemblance to Mycenaean Greek, as we know it from the Linear B corpus, suggests that Arcadocypriot is its descendant....
), as well as many innovations.

Aeolic Greek is most widely known for being the language of the writings of Sappho

Sappho

Sappho...
and Alcaeus of Mytilene.

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Encyclopedia

Aeolic (i?'?l?k) or Aeolian (i?'??l??n) Greek (also known as Lesbian Greek) is a linguistic

Linguistics

Archaic period in Greece

Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
sub-dialect

Dialect

Boeotia

Greece

Lesbos Island

Archaism

Doric Greek

Arcadocypriot

Sappho

Sappho...
and Alcaeus of Mytilene. Aeolic poetry, the most famous example of which being the works of Sappho

Sappho

Sappho...
, mostly uses four classical meters known as the Aeolics

Aeolic verse

Aeolic verse is a classification of Ancient Greek lyric poetry referring to the distinct verse forms characteristic of the two great poets of Archaic Greece Lesbos, Sappho and Alcaeus of Mytilene, who composed in their native Aeolic dialect....
, which are: Glyconic

Glyconic

Glyconic, , describes a form of meter in classical antiquity Greek and Latin poetry. The glyconic line is the most basic form of Aeolic verse, and it is often combined with others....
(the most basic form of Aeolic line), Hendecasyllabic verse

Hendecasyllabic verse

The hendecasyllabic verse is a quantitative Meter used in Ancient Greek Aeolic verse, in scolia, and later by the Roman poet Catullus. Each line has eleven syllables, hence the name....
, Sapphic stanza

Sapphic stanza

The Sapphic stanza, named after Sappho, is an Aeolic verse form spanning four lines .The form is two hendecasyllabic verses, and a third verse beginning the same way and continuing with five additional syllables ....
and Alcaic stanza (the latter two so named after Sappho

Sappho

Sappho...
and Alcaeus respectively).

In Protagoras (dialogue)

Protagoras (dialogue)

Protagoras is a dialogue of Plato. The main argument is between the elderly Protagoras, a celebrated sophist, and Socrates. The discussion takes place at the home of Callias, who is host to Protagoras while he is in town, and concerns a familiar theme in the dialogues: the teaching of virtue....
341c of Plato

Plato

Prodicus

Prodicus of Ceos He came to Athens as ambassador from Ceos, and became known as a speaker and a teacher. Like Protagoras, he professed to train his pupils for domestic and civic service; but it would appear that, while Protagoras's chief instruments of education were rhetoric and style, Prodicus made linguistics prominent in his curriculum....
labelled the Aeolic dialect as barbarian

Barbarian

"Barbarian" is a pejorative term for an uncivilized person, either in a general reference to a member of a nation or ethnos, typically a tribal society as seen by an urban civilization either viewed as inferior, or admired as a noble savage....
, while referring to Pittacus of Mytilene

Pittacus of Mytilene

Pittacus was the son of Hyrradius and one of the Seven Sages of Greece. He was a native of Mytilene and the Mytilenaean general who, with his army, was victorious in the battle against the Athenians and their commander Phrynon....

The Aeolic dialect might, in the time of Socrates

Socrates

Socrates was a Classical Greece Philosophy. Credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, he is an enigmatic figure known only through the classical accounts of his students....
and Plato

Plato

Plato , was a Classical Greece Greeks philosopher, mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Platonic Academy in Ancient Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the western world....
, sound so strange to the Athenians, as to be termed, from an exclusive pride in the Attic literary style, barbaros.

Main traits of the Aeolic dialect

The original proto-Indo-European
Proto-Indo-European language

The Proto-Indo-European language is the unattested, linguistic reconstruction common ancestor of the Indo-European languages, spoken by the Proto-Indo-Europeans....
(and Proto-Greek
Proto-Greek language

The Proto-Greek language is the assumed last common ancestor of all known varieties of Greek language, including Mycenaean Greek language, the ancient Greek ancient Greek dialects , and ultimately Koine Greek, Medieval Greek and modern Greek....
) labiovelar, *, turned into p everywhere, whereas the Attic-Ionic, Arcadocyprian and Doric dialects have t before e and i (e.g. Attic , Ionic , Doric ~ Lesbian , Boeotian "four" < PIE *). This treatment of the labiovelar finds its exact counterpart in the so-called P-Celtic
Proto-Celtic language

The Proto-Celtic language, also called Common Celtic, is the putative ancestor of all the known Celtic languages. Its lexis can be confidently reconstructed on the basis of the comparative method of historical linguistics....
languages and in the Sabellic languages
Osco-Umbrian languages

The Osco-Umbrian languages or Sabellic languages are a group of languages that belong to the Italic languages of the Indo-European languages....
.
The Proto-Greek long a was retained everywhere, in contrast to the Attic-Ionic dialect, which turned it into a long open e (e.g. Attic-Ionic ~ Aeolic "mother" < IE *).
The Aeolic dialect made extensive use of the so-called "athematic" verb conjugation, i.e. the conjugation ending in -mi (e.g. Attic-Ionic ~ Aeolic "love"). The same is also found in Irish
Irish language

Irish , also known as Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic languages of the Indo-European language family, originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people....
, where this selection has been generalized, i.e -im.
In the Lesbian dialect, the tonic accent of all words appears recessive ("barytonesis"), as is typical only in the verbs of other dialects (e.g. Attic-Ionic ~ Lesbian "river").
The athematic
Athematic

In the Indo-European languages, thematic vowel roots are those roots that have a "theme vowel"; a vowel sound that is always present between the root of the word and the attached inflections....
infinitive
Infinitive

In grammar, infinitive is the name for certain verb forms that exist in many languages. In the usual description of English language, the infinitive of a verb is its basic form with or without the grammatical particle to: therefore, do and to do, be and to be, and so on are infinitives....
ending of the Aeolic dialect is -men (Lesbian also -menai) as in the Doric dialects, whereas Attic-Ionic has -(e)nai (e.g. Attic-Ionic ~ Lesbian , Thessalian, Boeotian ). In the Lesbian dialect this ending also extends to the thematic conjugation (e.g. ).
In Lesbian Aeolic, the phenomenon of "psilosis" occurred, as in the Ionic dialect; this is the absence of the aspiration of initial vowel
Vowel

In phonetics, a vowel is a sound in spoken language, such as English ah! or oh! , pronounced with an open vocal tract so that there is no build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis....
s, frequently the result of the loss of sigma or digamma
Digamma

Digamma is an Archaic Greece letter of the Greek alphabet, used primarily as a Greek numeral.The letter had the phonetic value of a voiced labial-velar approximant ....
(e.g. Attic ~ Ionic , Lesbian "sun" < Proto-Greek *hawelios < PIE *).
In Thessalian and Boeotian, the proto-Indo-European (and Proto-Greek) semi-vowel w ("digamma") was retained word-initially, as it was in the Doric dialect (e.g. Attic-Ionic ~ Boeotian, Doric "word, epic
Epic poetry

An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation....
" < PIE , cf. Latin vox).
In Boeotian, the vowel-system was, in many cases, changed in a way reminiscent of the modern Greek pronunciation: Attic-Ionic ~ Boeotian ~ Modern Greek ; Attic-Ionic ~ Boeotian ~ Modern Greek ; Attic-Ionic ~ Boeotian ~ Modern Greek .
The original Indo-European consonant cluster
Consonant cluster

In linguistics, a consonant cluster is a group of consonants which have no intervening vowel. In English, for example, the groups and are consonant clusters in the word splits....
s * were assimilated to . The Attic-Ionic and Doric dialects have a short nasal / liquid and compensatory lengthening
Compensatory lengthening

Compensatory lengthening in phonology and historical linguistics is the lengthening of a vowel sound that happens upon the loss of a following consonant, usually in the syllable coda....
instead (e.g. Attic-Ionic ~ Aeolic < PIE *).
First and second declension nouns use -a??/-??? endings for acc. pl. and -a?s?(?)/-??s?(?) for dat. pl. Masculine 1st aorist participle is -a?? (e.g. ??sa??, not ??sa?).

Glossary

Aeolian
Aeolia

Aeolia may mean:Another name for Aeolis in Anatolia.An older name for Thessaly before the Greek Dark Ages.Both are so-named because Thessaly was held to be the earlier homeland of the Aeolian people, but during the Dorian Invasion they fled across the Aegean Sea to Anatolia and founded Aeolis there....

Doric also (Attic helios
Helios

Helios is the god of sun.In Greek mythology the sun was personified as Helios . Homer often calls him simply Titan or Hyperion , while Hesiod and the Homeric Hymn separate him as a son of the Titans Hyperion and Theia or Euryphaessa and brother of the goddesses Selene, the moon, and Eos, the dawn....
sun) (Cretan abelios) (Laconian bela) (Pamphylian
Pamphylian Greek

Pamphylian is a little-attested and isolated dialect of Ancient Greek which was spoken in Pamphylia, on the southern coast of Asia Minor. Its origins and relation to other Greek dialects are uncertain....
babelios) ( PIE
Pie

A pie is a baked dish which is usually made of a pastry dough shell that covers or completely contains a filling of various sweetness or savoury ingredients....
*saewel- )
(Attic agôn struggle) (Elean dat. pl. agônoir for agôsi)
gifts sent by kins to Lesbian brides (Sappho
Sappho

Sappho...
fr.) (Cf.Homeric
Homeric Greek

Homeric Greek is the form of Ancient Greek that was used by Homer in the Iliad and Odyssey. It is an archaic version of Ionic Greek, with admixtures from certain other dialects, such as Aeolic Greek....
)
Aioliônes (Attic Aeoleis Aeolians
Aeolians

The Aeolians were one of the three ancient Ancient Greece tribes. The name comes from the fact that they were considered to be descended from Aeolus ....
)( speak Aeolic , aiolisti ,compose in the Aeolian mode
Aeolian mode

The Aeolian mode is a musical mode or diatonic scale.An Aeolian mode formed part of the music theory of ancient Greece, based around the relative natural scale in A ....
, trick out with false words Sophocles
Sophocles

Sophocles was the second of the three classical Greece tragedy whose work has survived. His first plays were written later than those of Aeschylus and earlier than those of Euripides....
.Fr.912 ) ( vary,adorn,diversify ( quick-moving,glittering,shifty)
(unpruned vineyards) (Attic akladeutoi ampeloi)
akontion (part of troops) (Attic spear) (Macedonian
Macedonian language

Macedonian is the official language of the Republic of Macedonia and is a part of the Eastern group of South Slavic languages. Macedonian is closely related to and shares a high degree of mutual intelligibility with the Bulgarian language, Serbian language, Bosnian language, and Croatian language languages....
rhachis,spine or backbone,anything ridged like the backbone)
-t?? -tos (Attic ?µ?? humen) thin skin, membrane.
(Attic
Attic Greek

Attic Greek is the prestige dialect of Ancient Greek that was spoken in Attica, which includes Athens. Of the ancient dialects, it is the most similar to later Greek, and is the standard form of the language studied in courses of "Ancient Greek"....
??eµ??e? anemones
(Attic ??p??? ahypnos ,without sleep) ????µ?a???
Mithymna

Mithymna , ancient form Methymna, is the second most important town on Lesbos Island. Mithymna is also the seat of the Communities and Municipalities of Greece as well as the province....
(Attic
Attic Greek

Attic Greek is the prestige dialect of Ancient Greek that was spoken in Attica, which includes Athens. Of the ancient dialects, it is the most similar to later Greek, and is the standard form of the language studied in courses of "Ancient Greek"....
???? Eros,Love) attested in Crinagoras
Crinagoras of Mytilene

Crinagoras of Mytilene, also known as Crinogoras, sometimes spelt as Krinagorasis or Krinagoras was a Ancient Greece Epigrammatist and ambassador....
, ??p??e?? harpazein to snatch. Homeric attractive,devouring
to them (Attic , sphi)
(Attic ß????? bothros sacred dungeon, pit)
threshold ( Attic bêlos ) ( Doric balos )
dolphin
Dolphin

File:Bottlenose_Dolphin_KSC04pd0178.jpgDolphins are marine mammals that are closely related to whales and porpoises. There are almost forty species of dolphin in seventeen genus....
( Attic delphis ) and Belphoi Delphi
Delphi

Delphi is an archaeology site and a modern town in Greece on the south-western spur of Mount Parnassus in the valley of Phocis. Delphi was the site of the Pythia, the most important oracle in the classical Greek world, when it was a major site for the worship of the god Apollo after he slew the Python , a deity who lived there and protecte...
Doric also (Attic ß?µa bema
Bema

The Bema means a raised platform. In antiquity it was probably made of stone, but in modern times it is usually a rectangular wooden platform approached by steps....
walking,step)
incitement (Attic )
brandish,shake off. ( Cf.Elean bratana Common rhatane )
slender,soft (Attic rhadinos) Sapph.90,104.
(Attic
Attic Greek

Attic Greek is the prestige dialect of Ancient Greek that was spoken in Attica, which includes Athens. Of the ancient dialects, it is the most similar to later Greek, and is the standard form of the language studied in courses of "Ancient Greek"....
???d??? rhaidion easy)
to understand (dysbrakanon imprehensible)
long robe, Sapph.70 Homeric ?????? rhakos wrakos
root (Attic rhiza)
(Attic
Attic Greek

Attic Greek is the prestige dialect of Ancient Greek that was spoken in Attica, which includes Athens. Of the ancient dialects, it is the most similar to later Greek, and is the standard form of the language studied in courses of "Ancient Greek"....
??d?? rhodon ,rose) and vagina
Vagina

The vagina is a fibromuscular cylinder tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles....
metaphorically in Erotic Glossary.
with pink,rosy forearms (Attic rhodopuches) ( brodopachun Sappho) and with rosy fingers
brocheos or ß??????? broukeon (Attic ß?a?? brachy short) (Sapph.fr. 2,7)
drasein (Attic ??e?? to sacrifice)
darkness Ionic also (Attic zophos) (akin to knephas)
eide (Attic
Attic Greek

Attic Greek is the prestige dialect of Ancient Greek that was spoken in Attica, which includes Athens. Of the ancient dialects, it is the most similar to later Greek, and is the standard form of the language studied in courses of "Ancient Greek"....
??? ,forest) (e?d? Ionian
Ionic Greek

Ionic Greek was a sub-dialect of the Attic-Ionic dialectal group of Ancient Greek .Ionic dialect appears to have spread originally from the Greek mainland across the Aegean at the time of the Dorian invasions, around the 11th Century B.C....
also)
Ennesiades Lesbian Nymphs
and epialês nightmare (Attic ) (wiki Ephialtes
Ephialtes

Ephialtes of Trachis was the son of Eurydemus of Malis. He showed the Persian Empire forces a path around the allied Greek position at the pass of Thermopylae, which helped them win the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BCE....
)
with holes in it,open (Attic diadelon obvious) (Alcaeus
Alcaeus

Alcaeus may refer to several ancient Greek figures, notably:*Alcaeus , the son of Perseus and the father of Amphitryon*Alcaeus of Mytilene, a lyric poet of the archaic period...
30 D 148P)
eel (Attic enchelys) ????µ?a???
Mithymna

Mithymna , ancient form Methymna, is the second most important town on Lesbos Island. Mithymna is also the seat of the Communities and Municipalities of Greece as well as the province....
holy (Attic hierón ) (Doric hiarón) (Ionic hirón)
Issa old name of Lesbos Island
Lesbos Island

Lesbos is a Greece List of islands of Greece located in the northeastern Aegean Sea. It has an area of 1632 Square kilometre with 320 kilometres of coastline, making it the third largest Greek island and the largest of the numerous Greek islands scattered in the Aegean....
Cf. Antissa
Antissa

Antissa was a city of the island Lesbos Island , near to Cape Sigrium, the western point of Lesbos. The place had a harbour. The ruins found by Richard Pococke at Calas Limneonas, a little NE....
(Attic
Attic Greek

Attic Greek is the prestige dialect of Ancient Greek that was spoken in Attica, which includes Athens. Of the ancient dialects, it is the most similar to later Greek, and is the standard form of the language studied in courses of "Ancient Greek"....
klerousthai to take sth by lot)
(Attic kêkis wet,vapour,mordant
Mordant

A mordant is a substance used to set dyes on fabrics by forming an insoluble compound with the dye. It may be used for dyeing fabrics, or for intensifying stains in cell or tissue preparations....
dyeing)
dry Measure (Attic hemimedimnon half of Medimnos)
(Attic ) ????µ?a???
Mithymna

Mithymna , ancient form Methymna, is the second most important town on Lesbos Island. Mithymna is also the seat of the Communities and Municipalities of Greece as well as the province....
Hsch (Attic aithos fire, burning heat) (Cf.kaiô burn)
Doric also (Attic bars, bolts, keys)
Mesostrophonia Lesbian festival
messui (Attic
Attic Greek

Attic Greek is the prestige dialect of Ancient Greek that was spoken in Attica, which includes Athens. Of the ancient dialects, it is the most similar to later Greek, and is the standard form of the language studied in courses of "Ancient Greek"....
?? µ?s? in the middle)
(Attic ,fat)
foreigner,guest-friend,strange (Attic xenos) (Ionic xeinos)
(Attic
Attic Greek

Attic Greek is the prestige dialect of Ancient Greek that was spoken in Attica, which includes Athens. Of the ancient dialects, it is the most similar to later Greek, and is the standard form of the language studied in courses of "Ancient Greek"....
???? rhoia pomegranate-tree) (Boeotian )
(Attic ommata eyes)
óna (Attic aná) upon,through,again (Arcadocypriot
Arcadocypriot

Arcadocypriot or southern Achaeans was an ancient Greek dialects spoken in Arcadia in the central Peloponnese and Cyprus. Its resemblance to Mycenaean Greek, as we know it from the Linear B corpus, suggests that Arcadocypriot is its descendant....
also)
(Attic passydia totally,all together,with the whole army)
(Attic metameivo exchange) (ped??? pedecho µet??? metecho) , pedoikos metoikos
Metic

In ancient Greece, the term metic meant resident alien, a person who did not have citizen rights in their Greek city-state of residence.Metic comes from the Greek language ??t?????, metoikos, where the second element is derived from ?????, oikos, "house; inhabit." The preceding element meta could here either carry the notio...
for meta
Meta

Meta , is a prefix used in English language in order to indicate a concept which is an abstraction from another concept, used to complete or add to the latter....
five (Attic pente, Pamphylian
Pamphylian Greek

Pamphylian is a little-attested and isolated dialect of Ancient Greek which was spoken in Pamphylia, on the southern coast of Asia Minor. Its origins and relation to other Greek dialects are uncertain....
pede ) ( pempassein to count per five) (Attic pempe imp. of pempô send)
Priamus (Alcaeus
Alcaeus

Alcaeus may refer to several ancient Greek figures, notably:*Alcaeus , the son of Perseus and the father of Amphitryon*Alcaeus of Mytilene, a lyric poet of the archaic period...
74D,111P (it means also king)
pedestrian,infantry) (Attic pezós)
plain (Attic pedion)
four (Lesbian pisyres) (Boeotian pettares) (Attic tessares) (Doric tetores)
save (Attic sôizô ) (Homeric saoô)
ear-rings (Attic enôtia , Laconian exôbadia)
Attic xiphos
Xiphos

The Xiphos is a double-edged, single-hand sword used by the ancient Greeks. It was a secondary battlefield weapon for the Greek armies after the spear or pilum....
sword (skiptô , given as etym. of skiphos and xiphos, Sch.Il.1.220; cf. skipei: nussei, it pricks,pierces)
(Attic stolê) equipment,garment (spaleis ,the sent one, for staleis)
(Attic stratós) army
(Attic s??? flesh) (dative plural s???es?? syrkesi Attic sa???? sarxin)
(Attic enoikounti dative singular of enoikôn inhabiting)
you break, grow rough and hoarse and smell like a goat
tudai and here) (Ionic têde)
(Attic ozos twig
Twig

Twigs are critically important in identification of trees, shrubs and vines, especially in wintertime. The buds on the twig are an important diagnostic characteristic, as are the abscission scars where the leaves have fallen away....
,branch)
priestess (Attic hiereia) (light-keeper) (Aeolic for Homeric phaô shine) (Homeric phaos light , Attic phôs and phôtophoros)
(Attic thêria beasts)
, (Attic Sapphô
Sappho

Sappho...
)

Boeotian
Boeotia

Boeotia, Beotia, or B?otia , formerly Cadmeis, was a region of ancient Greece, north of the eastern part of the Gulf of Corinth. It was bounded on the south by Megaris and the Kithairon mountain range that forms a natural barrier with Attica, on the north by Opuntian Locris and the Euripus Strait at the Gulf of Euboea, and on the...

aestêton tomorrow (Attic aurion) (Cf.Attic êôs
Eos

Eos is, in Greek mythology, the Titan goddess of the dawn, who rose from her home at the edge of Oceanus, the Ocean that surrounds the world, to herald her brother Helios, the sun....
dawn)
wine Theban
Theban

Theban can refer to:* A thing or person of or from the city of Thebes, Greece.* A thing or person of or from the city of Thebes, Egypt....
(Attic oinos)
a fish
(Attic arotrian to plough)
( ) woman ( Attic gunê ) ( ,banêkes women ( Attic gunaikes )
or bastax (Attic t??????? trachêlos neck) pl.bastraches
(Attic ???te??e? he feels pity) Cf. eleairei
( wadou) (Attic hêdú) (Corinna
Corinna

Corinna was an Ancient Greece poet, traditionally attributed to the 6th century BC. According to ancient sources such as Plutarch and Pausanias , she came from Tanagra in Boeotia, where she a teacher and rival to the better-known Thebes poet Pindar....
.17)
instead of Zeus
Zeus

Zeus in Greek mythology is the king of the gods, the ruler of Mount Olympus and the god of the sky father and List of thunder gods. His symbols are the thunderbolt, eagle, bull , and oak....
. Attested also in Laconian and Rhodian.
divination
Divination

Divination is the attempt to gain insight into a question or situation by way of a standardized process or ritual. Diviners ascertain their interpretations of how a querent should proceed by reading signs, events, or omens, or through alleged contact with a supernatural agency....
(Attic manteia) (Hsch. public oath , Koine ordeal by fire)
gourds Amerias
Amerias

Amerias was an ancient Macedonians lexicographer, known for his compilation of a Glossary entitled . ?nother of his works was called ????t??????, Rhizotomikos , an etymological treatise....
zakeltides (Phrygian
Phrygian language

The Phrygian language was the Indo-European language of the Phrygians, a people from Thrace who later migrated to Asia Minor.Inscriptions...
zelkia vegetables)
idephin sweet-voiced Hsch. (Attic ) ( Aeolic wad- , ad- )
istake scythe (Attic drepanon)
(Attic , ekboêthein , and boêdromein ,run to help) ( Thessalian month)
iô and (Attic ego , I) (hiônga iôga for egôge)
Boeotian epithet for Zeus meaning tall,head. Boeotian eponym Karaidas
karoux (Attic kêryx herald)
(Attic gelan to laugh) (Strattis
Strattis

Strattis, was an Athenian comic poet of the Old Comedy, whose plays were probably written and produced between 412 BC and 390 BC BCE. According to the Suda Lexicon, which quotes Athenaeus's second book of Deipnosophistae, his works included:...
fr. 47) Cf. (Cf.Attic creak,screech)
little girl (Koine korasion from Attic korasis girl) (Aetolian korudion)
(Attic poimen shepherd) (homeric
Homeric Greek

Homeric Greek is the form of Ancient Greek that was used by Homer in the Iliad and Odyssey. It is an archaic version of Ionic Greek, with admixtures from certain other dialects, such as Aeolic Greek....
sheep) (Attic apple , Aeolic-Doric malon)
(Attic broom, brush)
(Attic sêpia cuttlefish
Cuttlefish

Cuttlefish are Marine animals of the order Sepiida belonging to the Cephalopoda class . Despite their common name, cuttlefish are not fish but molluscs....
) (Strattis
Strattis

Strattis, was an Athenian comic poet of the Old Comedy, whose plays were probably written and produced between 412 BC and 390 BC BCE. According to the Suda Lexicon, which quotes Athenaeus's second book of Deipnosophistae, his works included:...
. fr. 47,3) (squirts its liquor from behind)
opittomai (homeric
Homeric Greek

Homeric Greek is the form of Ancient Greek that was used by Homer in the Iliad and Odyssey. It is an archaic version of Ionic Greek, with admixtures from certain other dialects, such as Aeolic Greek....
I care,respect) (Laconian opiddomai)
(Attic he winks raising the eyebrow,to be haughty)
I persecuted (Attic edioxa) (Cf.Homeric move quickly,chase)
Hog
Hog

Hog may refer to:* Pig* The Hogs , the famed offensive line of the Washington Redskins of the National Football League* M60 machine gun, also referred to as a 'pig'...
-Boeotian
Boeotian

Boeotian may refer to:* The people from Boeotia, a region of central ancient Greece* One of several sub-dialects of the Aeolic Greek dialect of the Greek language, spoken by the Boeotians....
s (Cratinus
Cratinus

Cratinus , Athenian comic poet....
.310)
(Attic trapeza,table)(from four-footed) (tripeza three-footed) (in Aeolic it would-be tripesda)
Boeotian word acc. Aristonymus
Aristonymus

Aristonymus of Athens was sent by Plato to reform the constitution of the Arcadians. Aristonymus was the father of Clitophon....

Thessalian

(Attic ablepês unworthy seeing, despicable (Cypriotic also) (Hes.text
(Attic limen port,harbour) (Hes.text
white poplar
White Poplar

Populus alba is a species of poplar, most closely related to the aspens . It is native from Spain and Morocco through central Europe to central Asia....
(PIE
Pie

A pie is a baked dish which is usually made of a pastry dough shell that covers or completely contains a filling of various sweetness or savoury ingredients....
*albho- 'white') (Attic leukê , PIE *leuk- 'bright,light') (Macedonian
Ancient Macedonian language

Ancient Macedonian was the language of the ancient Macedonians. It was spoken in Macedonia during the 1st millennium BC. From the 4th century BC, it was gradually replaced by the Koine Greek dialect of the Hellenistic period....
aliza)
Apollo
Apollo

In Greek mythology and Roman mythology, Apollo , is one of the most important and many-sided of the Twelve Olympians. The ideal of the kouros , Apollo has been variously recognized as a god of light and the sun; truth and prophecy; archery; medicine and healing; music, poetry, and the arts; and more....
(Attic Apollôn) (Doric,Pamphylian Apelon)
aspaleia safeness (Attic asphaleia)
(Attic ??? -?? psar Starling
Starling

Starlings are found around the World, from Europe, Asia and Africa, to northern Australia and the islands of the tropical Pacific. Several European and Asian species have been introduced to these areas as well as North America, Hawaii and New Zealand, where they generally compete for habitat with native birds and are considered to be invasive spec...
)
to be swollen (Homeric buktaon blowing)
(Attic ???????d? gongylidi turnip
Turnip

The turnip is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide for its white, bulbous taproot. Small, tender, varieties are grown for human consumption, while larger varieties are grown as fodder for livestock....
)
dámossos public (Attic dêmósios) opp. iddioûstikos privative (Attic idiôtikós)
Thessalian bread (Macedonian
Ancient Macedonian language

Ancient Macedonian was the language of the ancient Macedonians. It was spoken in Macedonia during the 1st millennium BC. From the 4th century BC, it was gradually replaced by the Koine Greek dialect of the Hellenistic period....
dramis) (Athamanian dramix) (PIE *der- cut,split)
woman (Attic gunê , Doric guna) (fem. of despotes
Despotes

Despot , was a Byzantine Empire court title, also granted in the states under Byzantine influence, such as the Latin Empire, Second Bulgarian Empire, Medieval Serbia, and the Empire of Trebizond....
)
(agora
Agora

The Agora was an open "place of assembly" in ancient Ancient Greece city-states. Early in Greek history , free-born male land-owners who were citizens would gather in the agora for military duty or to hear statements of the ruling king or council....
,assembly,market and chôra
Chora

Chora can mean one of several things:*Localities** In ancient Greek, the term often takes on the general meaning of the countryside surrounding the polis....
) (Attic get in a harbour, bay,anchorage
ereas children (Hsch.Attic tekna) (Homeric young sprout,scion) (Neo-Phrygian
Phrygian language

The Phrygian language was the Indo-European language of the Phrygians, a people from Thrace who later migrated to Asia Minor.Inscriptions...
eiroi children)
(Attic xysters)
(Attic hamaxitos chariot-road) (Homeric ? 580) (Attic ithys,eytheia straight line)
impsas past participle of impto (Attic ?e??a? zeuxas zeugnymi join together)(?µ???? Impsios ??se?d?? ? ?????? Poseidon
Poseidon

In Greek mythology, Poseidon was the god of the sea and, as "Earth-Shaker," of earthquakes. The name of the god Nethuns in Etruscan mythology was adopted in Latin for Neptune in Roman mythology: both were sea gods analogous to Poseidon....
Zygius on horses)
(Attic ?s???af??,Ascalaphus
Ascalaphus

In Greek mythology, two people share the name Ascalaphus .#Son of Acheron and Orphne. He told the other gods that Persephone had eaten a pomegranate in Hades....
a bird (Magnesian
Magnetes

The Magnetes were an ancient Greece tribe living in Thessaly Magnesia who took part in the Trojan War. They later also contributed to the Greek colonies....
)
chariot (Attic apênê) also, a helmet( plenteous
who , anyone (Attic tis) (Laconian tir) (Arcadocypriot sis)
Thessalo-Macedonian mimic military dance (see also Carpaea
Carpaea

Among the ancient Athens and Magnesians, carpaea was a kind of dance or military exercise, performed by two persons; the one acting as a laborer, the other as a robber....
) Homeric
Homeric Greek

Homeric Greek is the form of Ancient Greek that was used by Homer in the Iliad and Odyssey. It is an archaic version of Ionic Greek, with admixtures from certain other dialects, such as Aeolic Greek....
swift (for foot) eager,ravenous.
or kyrros sir,master (Attic kyrios)
Maketoun 'Macedonian man' (Attic Makedôn) (Thessalian -oun suffix for Attic ôn in both nominative and genitive of participles,pronouns and nouns.
a meat-dessert of Macedonian or Thessalian origin (Athenaeus)(Macedonian
Ancient Macedonian language

Ancient Macedonian was the language of the ancient Macedonians. It was spoken in Macedonia during the 1st millennium BC. From the 4th century BC, it was gradually replaced by the Koine Greek dialect of the Hellenistic period....
mattuês a kind of bird)
naeleis new-comers, newly caught ones (Cf.,)
nebeuô pray (Macedonian
Ancient Macedonian language

Ancient Macedonian was the language of the ancient Macedonians. It was spoken in Macedonia during the 1st millennium BC. From the 4th century BC, it was gradually replaced by the Koine Greek dialect of the Hellenistic period....
neuô) (Attic euchomai , neuô wink)
onala , onalouma (Attic expense cost) ( on- in the place of Attic prefix ana- , ongrapsantas SEG 27:202
and (Boeotian Phéttalos) (Attic Thettalós) (Ionic
Ionic Greek

Ionic Greek was a sub-dialect of the Attic-Ionic dialectal group of Ancient Greek .Ionic dialect appears to have spread originally from the Greek mainland across the Aegean at the time of the Dorian invasions, around the 11th Century B.C....
,Koine Thessalós) 'Thesalian man' ( Petthalia Thessalia) (Petthaloi Thessalians) (Koine thessalisti the thessalian way) ( Attic become a Thessalian, i.e. wear the large Thessalian cloak ( Thettalika ptera feathers' ), Eupolis
Eupolis

Eupolis was an Athens poet of the Old Comedy, that flourished in the time of the Peloponnesian War....
.201. )
to be tagos archon
Archon

Archon is a Greek language word that means "ruler", frequently used as the title of a specific public office. It is the masculine present participle of the verb stem ???-, meaning "to rule", derived from the same root as monarch, hierarchy and anarchism....
in Thessaly

Aeolic Greek

Main traits of the Aeolic dialect

Glossary

Thessalian

See also