Adygea
Encyclopedia
The Republic of Adygea (ɑːdɨˈɡeɪ.ə; ; , Adıge Respublik) is a federal subject
of Russia
(a republic
) enclaved within Krasnodar Krai
. Its area is 7600 square kilometres (2,934.4 sq mi) with a population of 440,388 (preliminary 2010 Census results). Its capital is Maykop
.
, with plains in the north and mountains in the south. Forests cover almost 40% of its territory.
is one of the major navigable rivers in the Caucasus region. It forms part of the northern border between Adygea and Krasnodar Krai
. Other rivers include:
and natural gas
. Other natural resources include gold
, silver
, tungsten
, and iron
.
The Adyghe people
, sometimes known as Circassians, were the ancient dwellers of the North-West Caucasus since the 13th century.
Cherkess (Adyghe) Autonomous Oblast was established within the Russian SFSR on July 27, 1922, on the territories of Kuban-Black Sea Oblast, primarily settled by the Adyghe people. At that time, Krasnodar
was the administrative center. It was renamed Adyghe (Cherkess) Autonomous Oblast on August 24, 1922, soon after its creation. In the first two years of its existence the autonomous oblast was a part of the Russian SFSR, but on October 17, 1924, it was transferred to the jurisdiction of the newly created North Caucasus Krai
within the RSFSR.
It was renamed Adyghe Autonomous Oblast (AO) in July 1928. On January 10, 1934, the autonomous oblast became part of new Azov-Black Sea Krai
, which was removed from North Caucasus Krai. Maykop was made the administrative center of the autonomous oblast in 1936. Adyghe AO became part of Krasnodar Krai
when it was established on September 13, 1937.
On July 3, 1991, the oblast was elevated to the status of a republic under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation. The first President of the republic was Aslan Aliyevich Dzharimov
, elected in January 1992. From 2002 to 2007, Hazret Sovmen
was President. He, and most of the rest of the political elite in Adygea, are Adyghes
. As a reaction to that, an organization calling itself the Union of Slavs was established, claiming that ethnic Russians
are discriminated against in Adygea. They advocate the merger of Adygea with Krasnodar Krai
, but have so far have had little support for that proposition from the Russian government
.
The head of the government in Adygea is the Head (called "President" until May 2011), who is appointed for a five-year term. Proficiency in the Adyghe language
is a prerequisite for the candidate.
The current Head, Aslan Tkhakushinov (since January 13, 2007), succeeded Hazret Sovmen
, appointed by Vladimir Putin
, although he received only 2% of the vote in 2002. There is also a directly elected State Council (Khase or Xase—not to be confused with the Adyghe Khase, a union of Adyghe who supported Sovmen for a second term), which comprises the Council of Representatives and the Council of the Republic. Both councils are elected every five years and have 27 deputies each.
The republic sends three representatives to the parliament of the Russian Federation; one to the State Duma
and the other two to the Federation Council
.
The Constitution of the Republic of Adygea was adopted on May 14, 1995.
The Republic of Adygea is administratively divided into seven districts (raion
s), two cities/towns, and five urban-type settlement
s. Municipally, the republic is divided into two urban okrugs, five urban settlements, and 46 rural settlements.
, sunflower
s, tea
, tobacco
, and other produce. Hog and sheep breeding are also developed.
Food, timber, woodworking, pulp and paper, heavy engineering, and metal-working are the most developed industries.
in Maykop
(ICAO airport code
URKM). Several rail lines pass through the republic.
(Adyghabze) is a member of the Northwest Caucasian group of Caucasian languages. Along with Russian, Adyghe is the official language of the republic.
There are 8 state and 23 public museums in the republic. The largest museum is the National Museum of the Republic of Adygea in Maykop.
25% of the Republic's population are adherents of Islam
Ethnically, most of the Adygeans
are Sunni Muslims
.
Federal subjects of Russia
Russia is a federation which, since March 1, 2008, consists of 83 federal subjects . In 1993, when the Constitution was adopted, there were 89 federal subjects listed...
of Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
(a republic
Republics of Russia
The Russian Federation is divided into 83 federal subjects , 21 of which are republics. The republics represent areas of non-Russian ethnicity. The indigenous ethnic group of a republic that gives it its name is referred to as the "titular nationality"...
) enclaved within Krasnodar Krai
Krasnodar Krai
-External links:* **...
. Its area is 7600 square kilometres (2,934.4 sq mi) with a population of 440,388 (preliminary 2010 Census results). Its capital is Maykop
Maykop
Maykop is the capital city of the Republic of Adygea, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River . Population: -History:...
.
Geography
Adygea lies in southeastern Europe in the northern foothills of the Caucasus MountainsCaucasus Mountains
The Caucasus Mountains is a mountain system in Eurasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region .The Caucasus Mountains includes:* the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range and* the Lesser Caucasus Mountains....
, with plains in the north and mountains in the south. Forests cover almost 40% of its territory.
- Area: 7600 km² (2,934.4 sq mi)
- Borders: Adygea is entirely surrounded by Krasnodar KraiKrasnodar Krai-External links:* **...
- Highest point: Chugush Mountain 3238 m (10,623.4 ft)
Rivers
The 870 kilometres (540.6 mi) long Kuban RiverKuban River
The Kuban River is a river in Russia, in the North Caucasus region. It flows mostly through Krasnodar Krai but also in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Stavropol Krai and the Republic of Adygea....
is one of the major navigable rivers in the Caucasus region. It forms part of the northern border between Adygea and Krasnodar Krai
Krasnodar Krai
-External links:* **...
. Other rivers include:
- Belaya RiverBelaya River (Kuban)Belaya is a river in the Republic of Adygea and Krasnodar Krai of Russia. It is a tributary of the Kuban River, which it joins in the Krasnodar Reservoir). The river is 273 km long, with a drainage basin of 5,990 km². It has its sources at the main watershed of the Caucasus Mountains...
- Chokhrak RiverChokhrak RiverChokhrak River is a river of southwest Russia. It flows through the Republic of Adygea....
- Dakh RiverDakh RiverDakh River is a river of southwest Russia. It flows through the Republic of Adygea....
- Fars RiverFars RiverFars River is a river of southwest Russia. It flows through the Republic of Adygea....
- Khodz RiverKhodz RiverKhodz River is a river of southwest Russia. It flows through the Republic of Adygea....
- Kisha RiverKisha RiverKisha River is a river of southwest Russia. It flows through the Republic of Adygea....
- Bolshaya Laba River (forming part of the eastern border between Adygea and Krasnodar KraiKrasnodar Krai-External links:* **...
) - Psekups RiverPsekups RiverPsekups River is a river of southwest Russia. It flows through the Republic of Adygea....
- Pshish RiverPshish RiverPshish is a river in Krasnodar Krai and the Republic of Adygea of Russia. It is a left tributary of the Kuban River. It is 270 km long, with a drainage basin of 1,850 km²....
- Sakhray RiverSakhray RiverSakhray River is a river of southwest Russia. It flows through the Republic of Adygea....
- Sukhoy Kurdzhips River, which flows near the archaeological site at Mezmaiskaya caveMezmaiskaya caveMezmaiskaya Cave is a cave at 44° 10' N 40° 00' E overlooking the right bank of the Sukhoi Kurdzhips in the southern Russian Republic of Adygea, located in the northwestern foothills of the Caucasus Mountains. Preliminary excavations recovered Mousterian artefacts, dated to about 35,000 B.P. and...
Lakes
The republic has no large lakes. However, the several large reservoirs include:- Krasnodarskoye Reservoir
- Oktyabrskoye Reservoir
- Shapsugskoye Reservoir
- Tshchitskoye Reservoir
Mountains
The republic's major mountains range in height from 2,000 to 3,238 m and include:- Chugush Mountain 3238 m (10,623.4 ft)
- Mount FishtMount FishtMount Fisht is a peak located in the western Caucasus mountains, in Adygea, Russia....
2868 m (9,409.4 ft) - Oshten Mountain
- Pseashkho Mountain
- Shepsi Mountain
Natural resources
The republic is rich in oilPetroleum
Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other liquid organic compounds, that are found in geologic formations beneath the Earth's surface. Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling...
and natural gas
Natural gas
Natural gas is a naturally occurring gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, typically with 0–20% higher hydrocarbons . It is found associated with other hydrocarbon fuel, in coal beds, as methane clathrates, and is an important fuel source and a major feedstock for fertilizers.Most natural...
. Other natural resources include gold
Gold
Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and an atomic number of 79. Gold is a dense, soft, shiny, malleable and ductile metal. Pure gold has a bright yellow color and luster traditionally considered attractive, which it maintains without oxidizing in air or water. Chemically, gold is a...
, silver
Silver
Silver is a metallic chemical element with the chemical symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it has the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the highest thermal conductivity of any metal...
, tungsten
Tungsten
Tungsten , also known as wolfram , is a chemical element with the chemical symbol W and atomic number 74.A hard, rare metal under standard conditions when uncombined, tungsten is found naturally on Earth only in chemical compounds. It was identified as a new element in 1781, and first isolated as...
, and iron
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...
.
Climate
- Average January temperature: -0.5 °C
- Average July temperature: 23 °C (73.4 °F)
- Average annual precipitationPrecipitation (meteorology)In meteorology, precipitation In meteorology, precipitation In meteorology, precipitation (also known as one of the classes of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation...
: 70 centimetres (27.6 in)
History
Adyghe people
The Adyghe or Adygs , also often known as Circassians or Cherkess, are in origin a North Caucasian ethnic groupwho were displaced in the course of the Russian conquest of the Caucasus in the 19th century, especially after the Russian–Circassian War of 1862.Adyghe people mostly speak Adyghe and most...
, sometimes known as Circassians, were the ancient dwellers of the North-West Caucasus since the 13th century.
Cherkess (Adyghe) Autonomous Oblast was established within the Russian SFSR on July 27, 1922, on the territories of Kuban-Black Sea Oblast, primarily settled by the Adyghe people. At that time, Krasnodar
Krasnodar
Krasnodar is a city in Southern Russia, located on the Kuban River about northeast of the Black Sea port of Novorossiysk. It is the administrative center of Krasnodar Krai . Population: -Name:...
was the administrative center. It was renamed Adyghe (Cherkess) Autonomous Oblast on August 24, 1922, soon after its creation. In the first two years of its existence the autonomous oblast was a part of the Russian SFSR, but on October 17, 1924, it was transferred to the jurisdiction of the newly created North Caucasus Krai
North Caucasus Krai
North Caucasus Krai was an administrative division of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. It was established on October 17, 1924. After undergoing numerous administrative changes, it was renamed Ordzhonikidze Krai , after Sergo Ordzhonikidze, in March 1937, and Stavropol Krai on...
within the RSFSR.
It was renamed Adyghe Autonomous Oblast (AO) in July 1928. On January 10, 1934, the autonomous oblast became part of new Azov-Black Sea Krai
Azov-Black Sea Krai
Azov-Black Sea Krai was an early krai of Russian SFSR. By the 1937 All-Union Census, it had population of 5,601,759....
, which was removed from North Caucasus Krai. Maykop was made the administrative center of the autonomous oblast in 1936. Adyghe AO became part of Krasnodar Krai
Krasnodar Krai
-External links:* **...
when it was established on September 13, 1937.
On July 3, 1991, the oblast was elevated to the status of a republic under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation. The first President of the republic was Aslan Aliyevich Dzharimov
Aslan Dzharimov
Aslan Aliyevich Dzharimov is a Russian politician of Adyghe ethnicity who served as the President of the Republic of Adygea.-Education:He graduated from the Agronomy Faculty of the Kuban Agricultural Institute in 1964, post-graduate degree in agricultural economics in 1968 , ANI of the Central...
, elected in January 1992. From 2002 to 2007, Hazret Sovmen
Hazret Sovmen
Hazret Medzhidovich Sovmen was the second President of the Republic of Adygea, Russia, having succeeded Aslan Dzharimov at the post. Sovmen is a university professor from Maykop. Before becoming President, Hazret Sovmen had been a successful businessman , having started off as a bulldozer driver...
was President. He, and most of the rest of the political elite in Adygea, are Adyghes
Adyghe people
The Adyghe or Adygs , also often known as Circassians or Cherkess, are in origin a North Caucasian ethnic groupwho were displaced in the course of the Russian conquest of the Caucasus in the 19th century, especially after the Russian–Circassian War of 1862.Adyghe people mostly speak Adyghe and most...
. As a reaction to that, an organization calling itself the Union of Slavs was established, claiming that ethnic Russians
Russians
The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....
are discriminated against in Adygea. They advocate the merger of Adygea with Krasnodar Krai
Krasnodar Krai
-External links:* **...
, but have so far have had little support for that proposition from the Russian government
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
.
Politics
Adyghe language
Adyghe language , also known as West Circassian , is one of the two official languages of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation, the other being Russian. It is spoken by various tribes of the Adyghe people: Abzekh, Adamey, Bzhedugh; Hatukuay, Kemirgoy, Makhosh; Natekuay, Shapsigh; Zhane,...
is a prerequisite for the candidate.
The current Head, Aslan Tkhakushinov (since January 13, 2007), succeeded Hazret Sovmen
Hazret Sovmen
Hazret Medzhidovich Sovmen was the second President of the Republic of Adygea, Russia, having succeeded Aslan Dzharimov at the post. Sovmen is a university professor from Maykop. Before becoming President, Hazret Sovmen had been a successful businessman , having started off as a bulldozer driver...
, appointed by Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin served as the second President of the Russian Federation and is the current Prime Minister of Russia, as well as chairman of United Russia and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Russia and Belarus. He became acting President on 31 December 1999, when...
, although he received only 2% of the vote in 2002. There is also a directly elected State Council (Khase or Xase—not to be confused with the Adyghe Khase, a union of Adyghe who supported Sovmen for a second term), which comprises the Council of Representatives and the Council of the Republic. Both councils are elected every five years and have 27 deputies each.
The republic sends three representatives to the parliament of the Russian Federation; one to the State Duma
State Duma
The State Duma , common abbreviation: Госду́ма ) in the Russian Federation is the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia , the upper house being the Federation Council of Russia. The Duma headquarters is located in central Moscow, a few steps from Manege Square. Its members are referred to...
and the other two to the Federation Council
Federation Council of Russia
Federation Council of Russia ) is the upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia , according to the 1993 Constitution of the Russian Federation...
.
The Constitution of the Republic of Adygea was adopted on May 14, 1995.
Divisions
Raion
A raion is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet countries. The term, which is from French rayon 'honeycomb, department,' describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district"...
s), two cities/towns, and five urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlement ; , selyshche mis'koho typu ) is an official designation for a type of locality used in some of the countries of the former Soviet Union...
s. Municipally, the republic is divided into two urban okrugs, five urban settlements, and 46 rural settlements.
Demographics
- Population: 447,109 (2002)
- Urban: 234,900 (52.5%)
- Rural: 212,209 (47.5%)
- Male: 208,019 (46.5%)
- Female: 239,090 (53.5%)
- Females per 1000 males: 1,149
- Average age: 37 years
- Urban: 36.6 years
- Rural: 37.4 years
- Male: 34 years
- Female: 39.6 years
- Number of households: 151,597 (with 440,449 people)
- Urban: 82,949 (with 230,286 people)
- Rural: 68,648 (with 210,163 people)
Vital statistics
- Source:
| Births | Deaths | Birth rate | Death rate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 5,681 | 3,307 | 14.7 | 8.6 |
| 1975 | 5,900 | 3,907 | 14.9 | 9.9 |
| 1980 | 6,610 | 4,828 | 16.2 | 11.8 |
| 1985 | 6,966 | 5,283 | 16.5 | 12.5 |
| 1990 | 6,171 | 5,375 | 14.2 | 12.3 |
| 1991 | 5,912 | 5,905 | 13.5 | 13.5 |
| 1992 | 5,306 | 5,969 | 12.0 | 13.5 |
| 1993 | 4,774 | 6,662 | 10.7 | 14.9 |
| 1994 | 4,907 | 6,519 | 10.9 | 14.5 |
| 1995 | 4,798 | 6,475 | 10.7 | 14.4 |
| 1996 | 4,625 | 6,382 | 10.3 | 14.2 |
| 1997 | 4,430 | 6,302 | 9.8 | 14.0 |
| 1998 | 4,340 | 6,245 | 9.6 | 13.9 |
| 1999 | 3,879 | 6,215 | 8.6 | 13.8 |
| 2000 | 4,071 | 6,710 | 9.1 | 15.0 |
| 2001 | 4,212 | 6,566 | 9.4 | 14.7 |
| 2002 | 4,540 | 6,715 | 10.2 | 15.0 |
| 2003 | 4,634 | 6,929 | 10.4 | 15.5 |
| 2004 | 4,648 | 6,645 | 10.4 | 14.9 |
| 2005 | 4,550 | 6,726 | 10.3 | 15.2 |
| 2006 | 4,606 | 6,686 | 10.4 | 15.1 |
| 2007 | 5,210 | 6,454 | 11.8 | 14.6 |
| 2008 | 5,601 | 6,558 | 12.7 | 14.8 |
Ethnic groups
- According to the 2002 CensusRussian Census (2002)Russian Census of 2002 was the first census of the Russian Federation carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics .-Resident population:...
, ethnic RussiansRussiansThe Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....
make up 64.5% of the republic's total population, while the ethnic AdygheAdyghe peopleThe Adyghe or Adygs , also often known as Circassians or Cherkess, are in origin a North Caucasian ethnic groupwho were displaced in the course of the Russian conquest of the Caucasus in the 19th century, especially after the Russian–Circassian War of 1862.Adyghe people mostly speak Adyghe and most...
are only 24.2%. Other groups include ArmeniansArmeniansArmenian people or Armenians are a nation and ethnic group native to the Armenian Highland.The largest concentration is in Armenia having a nearly-homogeneous population with 97.9% or 3,145,354 being ethnic Armenian....
(3.4%), UkrainiansUkrainiansUkrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
(2.0%), KurdsKurdish peopleThe Kurdish people, or Kurds , are an Iranian people native to the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey...
(3,631, or 0.8%), TatarsTatarsTatars are a Turkic speaking ethnic group , numbering roughly 7 million.The majority of Tatars live in the Russian Federation, with a population of around 5.5 million, about 2 million of which in the republic of Tatarstan.Significant minority populations are found in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan,...
(2,904, or 0.7%), and a host of smaller groups, each less than 0.5% of the population.
| 1926 census | 1939 census | 1959 census | 1970 census | 1979 census | 1989 census | 2002 census | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adyghe Adyghe people The Adyghe or Adygs , also often known as Circassians or Cherkess, are in origin a North Caucasian ethnic groupwho were displaced in the course of the Russian conquest of the Caucasus in the 19th century, especially after the Russian–Circassian War of 1862.Adyghe people mostly speak Adyghe and most... |
50,821 (44.8%) | 55,048 (22.8%) | 65,908 (23.2%) | 81,478 (21.1%) | 86,388 (21.4%) | 95,439 (22.1%) | 108,115 (24.2%) |
| Russians Russians The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries.... |
29,102 (25.6%) | 171,960 (71.1%) | 200,492 (70.4%) | 276,537 (71.7%) | 285,626 (70.6%) | 293,640 (68.0%) | 288,280 (64.5%) |
| Armenians Armenians Armenian people or Armenians are a nation and ethnic group native to the Armenian Highland.The largest concentration is in Armenia having a nearly-homogeneous population with 97.9% or 3,145,354 being ethnic Armenian.... |
738 (0.7%) | 2,348 (1.0%) | 3,013 (1.1%) | 5,217 (1.4%) | 6,359 (1.6%) | 10,460 (2.4%) | 15,268 (3.4%) |
| Ukrainians Ukrainians Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens... |
26,405 (23.3%) | 6,130 (2.5%) | 7,988 (2.8%) | 11,214 (2.9%) | 12,078 (3.0%) | 13,755 (3.2%) | 9,091 (2.0%) |
| Others | 6,415 (5.7%) | 6,313 (2.6%) | 7,289 (2.6%) | 11,198 (2.9%) | 13,939 (3.4%) | 18,752 (4.3%) | 26,355 (5.9%) |
Economy
Even though it is now one of the poorest parts of Russia, the republic has abundant forests and rich soil. The region is famous for producing grainCereal
Cereals are grasses cultivated for the edible components of their grain , composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran...
, sunflower
Sunflower
Sunflower is an annual plant native to the Americas. It possesses a large inflorescence . The sunflower got its name from its huge, fiery blooms, whose shape and image is often used to depict the sun. The sunflower has a rough, hairy stem, broad, coarsely toothed, rough leaves and circular heads...
s, tea
Tea
Tea is an aromatic beverage prepared by adding cured leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant to hot water. The term also refers to the plant itself. After water, tea is the most widely consumed beverage in the world...
, tobacco
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...
, and other produce. Hog and sheep breeding are also developed.
Food, timber, woodworking, pulp and paper, heavy engineering, and metal-working are the most developed industries.
Transportation
There is a small airportMaykop Airport
Maykop Airport is a civilian airport located on the north of Maykop, Russia. It has no solid-surface runway and is licensed for turboprop traffic only. Jet planes may land only in case of stable dry weather. There is another airport near Maykop, 6 km north-west of the city, called Khanskaya, that...
in Maykop
Maykop
Maykop is the capital city of the Republic of Adygea, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River . Population: -History:...
(ICAO airport code
ICAO airport code
The ICAO airport code or location indicator is a four-character alphanumeric code designating each airport around the world. These codes are defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization, and published in ICAO Document 7910: Location Indicators.The ICAO codes are used by air traffic...
URKM). Several rail lines pass through the republic.
Culture
The Adyghe languageAdyghe language
Adyghe language , also known as West Circassian , is one of the two official languages of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation, the other being Russian. It is spoken by various tribes of the Adyghe people: Abzekh, Adamey, Bzhedugh; Hatukuay, Kemirgoy, Makhosh; Natekuay, Shapsigh; Zhane,...
(Adyghabze) is a member of the Northwest Caucasian group of Caucasian languages. Along with Russian, Adyghe is the official language of the republic.
There are 8 state and 23 public museums in the republic. The largest museum is the National Museum of the Republic of Adygea in Maykop.
Education
Adyghe State University and Maykop State Technological University, both in the capital Maykop, are the two major higher education facilities in Adygea.Religion
The greater majority of the Republic of Adygea are adherents to Orthodoxy, with an estimated 70% of the population being Orthodox Christians.25% of the Republic's population are adherents of Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
Ethnically, most of the Adygeans
Adyghe people
The Adyghe or Adygs , also often known as Circassians or Cherkess, are in origin a North Caucasian ethnic groupwho were displaced in the course of the Russian conquest of the Caucasus in the 19th century, especially after the Russian–Circassian War of 1862.Adyghe people mostly speak Adyghe and most...
are Sunni Muslims
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam. Sunni Muslims are referred to in Arabic as ʾAhl ūs-Sunnah wa āl-Ǧamāʿah or ʾAhl ūs-Sunnah for short; in English, they are known as Sunni Muslims, Sunnis or Sunnites....
.
External links
- Адыгэ Республикэм и Лъэпкъ театр (in Adyghe)
- The Voice of Circassians(Adyghe Language) Official website of the Republic of Adygea Overview of the Republic of Adygea (KommersantKommersantKommersant is a commerce-oriented newspaper published in Russia. , the circulation was 131,000.- History :The newspaper was initially published in 1909, and it was closed down following the Bolshevik seizure of power and the introduction of censorship in 1917.In 1989, with the onset of press...
newspaper) Official Website of the Adyghe State University Official Website of the Adyghe State University Official Website of the National Museum of the Republic of Adygea Adygea republic nature sceneries