Accenture
Encyclopedia
Accenture plc is a global management consulting
Management consulting
Management consulting indicates both the industry and practice of helping organizations improve their performance primarily through the analysis of existing organizational problems and development of plans for improvement....

, technology services and outsourcing company headquartered in Dublin, Republic of Ireland
Republic of Ireland
Ireland , described as the Republic of Ireland , is a sovereign state in Europe occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of the same name. Its capital is Dublin. Ireland, which had a population of 4.58 million in 2011, is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy,...

. It is the largest consulting firm in the world and is a Fortune Global 500
Fortune Global 500
The Fortune Global 500 is a ranking of the top 500 corporations worldwide as measured by revenue. The list is compiled and published annually by Fortune magazine....

 company. As of September 2011, the company had more than 236,000 employees across 120 countries. Accenture's current clients include 96 of the Fortune Global 100 and more than three-quarters of the Fortune Global 500. Previously incorporated in the USA, then in Bermuda
Bermuda
Bermuda is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. Located off the east coast of the United States, its nearest landmass is Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, about to the west-northwest. It is about south of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, and northeast of Miami, Florida...

, since September 1, 2009 the company has been incorporated in Ireland.

For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011, the company generated net revenues of US$25.55 billion. The operating profit of the company was $3.47 billion in FY2011, an increase of 18.2% over FY2010. Its net profit was $2.58 billion in FY2011, an increase of 12% over FY2010.

Accenture is listed on the New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
The New York Stock Exchange is a stock exchange located at 11 Wall Street in Lower Manhattan, New York City, USA. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies at 13.39 trillion as of Dec 2010...

 and is a constituent of the S&P 500
S&P 500
The S&P 500 is a free-float capitalization-weighted index published since 1957 of the prices of 500 large-cap common stocks actively traded in the United States. The stocks included in the S&P 500 are those of large publicly held companies that trade on either of the two largest American stock...

.

Formation and early years

Accenture originated as the business and technology consulting division of accounting firm Arthur Andersen
Arthur Andersen
Arthur Andersen LLP, based in Chicago, was once one of the "Big Five" accounting firms among PricewaterhouseCoopers, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, Ernst & Young and KPMG, providing auditing, tax, and consulting services to large corporations...

. The division's origins are in a 1953 feasibility study for General Electric
General Electric
General Electric Company , or GE, is an American multinational conglomerate corporation incorporated in Schenectady, New York and headquartered in Fairfield, Connecticut, United States...

. GE asked Arthur Andersen to automate payroll processing and manufacturing at GE's Appliance Park facility near Louisville, Kentucky. Arthur Andersen recommended installation of a UNIVAC I
UNIVAC I
The UNIVAC I was the first commercial computer produced in the United States. It was designed principally by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, the inventors of the ENIAC...

 computer and printer, which resulted in the first commercially owned computer installation in the United States in 1954. Joe Glickauf was Arthur Andersen's project leader responsible for the payroll processing automation project. Now considered to be the father of computer consulting, Glickauf headed Arthur Andersen's Administrative Services division for 10 years.

Splitting from Arthur Andersen

Through the 1990s, there was increasing tension between Andersen Consulting and Arthur Andersen
Arthur Andersen
Arthur Andersen LLP, based in Chicago, was once one of the "Big Five" accounting firms among PricewaterhouseCoopers, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, Ernst & Young and KPMG, providing auditing, tax, and consulting services to large corporations...

. Andersen Consulting was upset that it was paying Arthur Andersen up to 15% of its profits each year (a condition of the 1989 split was that the more profitable unit – AA or AC – paid the other this sum), while at the same time Arthur Andersen was competing with Andersen Consulting through its own newly established business consulting service line called Arthur Andersen Business Consulting. This dispute came to a head in 1998 when Andersen Consulting claimed breach of contract against AWSC and Arthur Andersen. Andersen Consulting put the 15% transfer payment for that year and future years into escrow
Escrow
An escrow is:* an arrangement made under contractual provisions between transacting parties, whereby an independent trusted third party receives and disburses money and/or documents for the transacting parties, with the timing of such disbursement by the third party dependent on the fulfillment of...

 and issued a claim for breach of contract. In August 2000, as a result of the conclusion of arbitration with the International Chamber of Commerce
International Chamber of Commerce
The International Chamber of Commerce is the largest, most representative business organization in the world. Its hundreds of thousands of member companies in over 130 countries have interests spanning every sector of private enterprise....

, Andersen Consulting broke all contractual ties with AWSC and Arthur Andersen. As part of the arbitration settlement, Andersen Consulting paid the sum held in escrow (then $1.2 billion) to Arthur Andersen, and was required to change its name, resulting in the entity being renamed Accenture.

Perhaps most telling about who had "won" the decision was that four hours after the arbitrator made his ruling, Arthur Andersen CEO Jim Wadia
Jim Wadia
Jamshed "Jim" Wadia was a CEO of Arthur Andersen in August 1997, a post from which he resigned on August 7, 2000 due to his inability to favorably steer the then impending spinning off of Andersen Consulting, now known as Accenture, one of the largest consulting firms in the world at the time.-...

 suddenly resigned. Industry analysts and business school professors alike viewed the event as a complete victory for Andersen Consulting. Jim Wadia would provide insight on his resignation years later at a Harvard Business school case activity about the split. It turned out that the Arthur Andersen board passed a resolution saying he had to resign if he didn't get at least an incremental $4 billion (either through negotiation or via the arbitrator decision) for the consulting practice to split off; hence his quick resignation once the decision was announced.

Accounts vary on why the split occurred – executives on both sides of the split cite greed and arrogance on the part of the other side, and executives on the Andersen Consulting side maintained breach of contract when Arthur Andersen created a second consulting group, AABC (Arthur Andersen Business Consulting) which began to compete directly with Andersen Consulting in the marketplace. Many of the AABC firms were bought out by other consulting companies in 2002, most notably, Hitachi Consulting
Hitachi Consulting
Hitachi Consulting is an international management and technology consulting firm with headquarters in Dallas, Texas. It was founded in November 2000 as subsidiary of the Japanese Hitachi Limited Group and currently employs approximately 4,000 people in the U.S., Japan, the UK, Spain, Portugal,...

 and KPMG Consulting, which later changed its name to BearingPoint
BearingPoint
BearingPoint is an independent management and technology consulting firm. Following a post-bankruptcy management buyout in August 2009, BearingPoint has been operated by its European management team and is organized as a partnership...

.

Andersen Consulting's change of name proved to be fortuitous as it avoided the taint when Arthur Andersen was effectively dissolved as a result of its role in the later Enron scandal
Enron scandal
The Enron scandal, revealed in October 2001, eventually led to the bankruptcy of the Enron Corporation, an American energy company based in Houston, Texas, and the dissolution of Arthur Andersen, which was one of the five largest audit and accountancy partnerships in the world...

.

Emergence of Accenture

On January 1, 2001 Andersen Consulting adopted its current name, "Accenture".
The word "Accenture" is supposedly derived from "Accent on the future". Although a marketing consultancy was tasked with finding a new name for the company, the name "Accenture" was submitted by Kim Petersen, a Danish employee from the company's Oslo, Norway office, as a result of an internal competition. Accenture felt that the name should represent its will to be a global consulting leader and high performer, and also intended that the name should not be offensive in any country in which Accenture operates.

Initial public offering

On July 19, 2001, Accenture offered initial public offering (IPO) at the price of $14.50 per share in New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
The New York Stock Exchange is a stock exchange located at 11 Wall Street in Lower Manhattan, New York City, USA. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies at 13.39 trillion as of Dec 2010...

 (NYSE); Goldman Sachs
Goldman Sachs
The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. is an American multinational bulge bracket investment banking and securities firm that engages in global investment banking, securities, investment management, and other financial services primarily with institutional clients...

 and Morgan Stanley
Morgan Stanley
Morgan Stanley is a global financial services firm headquartered in New York City serving a diversified group of corporations, governments, financial institutions, and individuals. Morgan Stanley also operates in 36 countries around the world, with over 600 offices and a workforce of over 60,000....

 served as its lead underwriters. Accenture stock closed the day at $15.17, with the day's high at $15.25. On the first day of the IPO, Accenture raised nearly $1.7 billion.

Bermuda headquarters

In October 2002, the Congressional General Accounting Office
Government Accountability Office
The Government Accountability Office is the audit, evaluation, and investigative arm of the United States Congress. It is located in the legislative branch of the United States government.-History:...

 (GAO) identified Accenture as one of four publicly-traded federal contractors that were incorporated in a tax haven
Tax haven
A tax haven is a state or a country or territory where certain taxes are levied at a low rate or not at all while offering due process, good governance and a low corruption rate....

 country. The other three, unlike Accenture, were incorporated in the United States before they re-incorporated in a tax haven country, thereby lowering their U.S. taxes. Critics, most notably former CNN
CNN
Cable News Network is a U.S. cable news channel founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. Upon its launch, CNN was the first channel to provide 24-hour television news coverage, and the first all-news television channel in the United States...

 journalist Lou Dobbs
Lou Dobbs
Louis Carl "Lou" Dobbs is an American journalist, radio host, television host on the Fox Business Network, and author. He anchored CNN's Lou Dobbs Tonight until November 2009 when he announced on the air that he would leave the 24-hour cable news television network.He was born in Texas and lived...

, have panned Accenture's incorporation in Bermuda because they viewed Accenture as having been a U.S.-based company trying to avoid U.S. taxes. The GAO itself did not characterize Accenture as having been a U.S.-based company; it stated that "prior to incorporating in Bermuda, Accenture was operating as a series of related partnerships and corporations under the control of its partners through the mechanism of contracts with a Swiss coordinating entity."

Ireland headquarters

Accenture announced on May 26, 2009 that its Board of Directors unanimously approved changing the company’s place of incorporation to Ireland from Bermuda and would become Accenture plc.

The company cited several reasons for the change:
  • Ireland's sophisticated, well-developed corporate, legal and regulatory environment
  • Ireland's long history of international investment and long-established commercial relationships, trade agreements and tax treaties with European Union member states, the United States and other countries where Accenture does business
  • Ireland's stable political and economic environment with the financial and legal infrastructure to meet Accenture's needs


The change was approved and became effective on September 1, 2009, the beginning of the company's 2010 fiscal year.

While Ireland is the company's headquarters for tax and legal purposes, much of the administration occurs in the United States, mainly New York City and Chicago.

Marketing and branding

Accenture advertises in television, print, and in public places, such as airports, around the world. Previous marketing campaigns have featured slogans such as "Now it gets interesting.", replaced in 2002, and "Innovation delivered.", replaced in 2004. The current slogan is "High performance. Delivered."

Accenture has sponsored an international event called the Accenture Match Play Championship, part of the World Golf Championships
World Golf Championships
The World Golf Championships are a group of four annual events for male professional golfers created by the International Federation of PGA Tours, with a fifth to be added in 2012...

, every year since 1999.

Until December 2009, Tiger Woods
Tiger Woods
Eldrick Tont "Tiger" Woods is an American professional golfer whose achievements to date rank him among the most successful golfers of all time. Formerly the World No...

 had been a celebrity spokesperson for the company, whose advertising used the service mark
Service mark
A service mark or servicemark is a trademark used in some countries, notably the United States, to identify a service rather than a product. When a service mark is federally registered, the standard registration symbol ® or "Reg U.S. Pat & TM Off" may be used...

 "Go on, be a Tiger" and the ancillary statement "We know what it takes to be a Tiger." The company terminated Tiger Woods' six-year sponsorship deal on December 13, 2009 and removed references to Woods from its website, after details of Woods's extra-marital affairs exploded in the media .

The current advertising campaign features animals performing interesting feats as a metaphor for clients achieving high performance.

The typeface
Typeface
In typography, a typeface is the artistic representation or interpretation of characters; it is the way the type looks. Each type is designed and there are thousands of different typefaces in existence, with new ones being developed constantly....

 used in the Accenture wordmark
Wordmark
A wordmark, word mark or logotype is a standardized text logo or graphic representation of the name of a company, institution, or product name used for purposes of identification and branding. A wordmark is usually a distinct text-only typographic treatment as can be found in the graphic identities...

 is Rotis Semi-sans
Rotis
Rotis is a typeface developed in 1988 by Otl Aicher, a German graphic designer and typographer. In Rotis, Aicher explores an attempt at maximum legibility through a highly unified yet varied typeface family that ranges from full serif, glyphic, and sans-serif...

. The right-pointing caret character over the t is intended to indicate the company's orientation to the future. The character is similar to an accent mark
Accent (music)
In music, an accent is an emphasis placed on a particular note,either as a result of its context or specifically indicated by an accent mark.Accents contribute to the articulation and prosody of a performance of a musical phrase....

 in music.

Organization

The majority of Accenture employees are organized in one of four "workforces", each of which serves a different function in the company. The specifics differ by workforce but it is commonplace for Accenture employees to work in blended teams for a variety of reasons.
  • Consulting: Focus on business consulting, process design work and the application of technologies to business. Responsible for sales, delivery, and leadership of most of Accenture's project-based work. Contains Accenture Technology Labs. Levels are Analyst to Senior Executive.
  • Services: Most focus on outsourcing engagements in the areas of business operations, IT, applications development and maintenance, help desk services, and HR. Can also work on Consulting-led projects. Contains the Accenture National Security Services subsidiary which primarily services to US government entities. Levels are H through A (reverse alphabetical order, lowest to highest) and Senior Executive.
  • Solutions: The Accenture Technology Solutions subsidiary focuses on the specific technology skills needed to deliver projects or outsourcing arrangements. Comprises the majority of Accenture's employees in delivery centers in developing countries like Brazil, India, and the Philippines. Levels are Programmer to Senior Executive, with slight regional variations.
  • Enterprise: Focus on managing and supporting all activities across Accenture's business, including legal, security, facilities, marketing, and client financial management. Levels are Junior Assistant to Senior Executive.
  • Other: Comprises subsidiaries like Avanade
    Avanade
    Avanade Inc., a subsidiary of Accenture LLP., is a multinational IT consulting and software company that develops business software from a Microsoft products platform. Founded on April 4, 2000, Avanade is atypical amongst many systems integrators such as IBM and EDS in that Avanade's services are...

     and Digiplug as described below.

Subsidiaries

  • Coritel BPM is the Spanish subsidiary of Accenture for software development
    Software development
    Software development is the development of a software product...

     and outsourcing. It was founded in 1984 and currently has 6,500 employees.
  • Avanade
    Avanade
    Avanade Inc., a subsidiary of Accenture LLP., is a multinational IT consulting and software company that develops business software from a Microsoft products platform. Founded on April 4, 2000, Avanade is atypical amongst many systems integrators such as IBM and EDS in that Avanade's services are...

    began as a joint venture between Microsoft
    Microsoft
    Microsoft Corporation is an American public multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions...

     and Accenture but is now well over 80% owned by Accenture. It provides IT consulting services and solutions for the Microsoft software platform.
  • Navitaire is a subsidiary of Accenture providing specialized solutions to airlines.
  • Accenture National Security Services
    Accenture National Security Services
    Accenture National Security Services is a wholly owned subsidiary of Accenture that focuses on delivering innovative solutions to the US government classified market...

    is a subsidiary of Accenture that provides services directly to United States government in the national security space. Its customers include the US Departments of Defense
    United States Department of Defense
    The United States Department of Defense is the U.S...

    , Homeland Security
    United States Department of Homeland Security
    The United States Department of Homeland Security is a cabinet department of the United States federal government, created in response to the September 11 attacks, and with the primary responsibilities of protecting the territory of the United States and protectorates from and responding to...

    , Justice
    United States Department of Justice
    The United States Department of Justice , is the United States federal executive department responsible for the enforcement of the law and administration of justice, equivalent to the justice or interior ministries of other countries.The Department is led by the Attorney General, who is nominated...

    , and other agencies that focus on national defense and law enforcement. This Accenture subsidiary was specifically incorporated as a US subsidiary to meet a congressional mandate that defense contractor
    Defense contractor
    A defense contractor is a business organization or individual that provides products or services to a military department of a government. Products typically include military aircraft, ships, vehicles, weaponry, and electronic systems...

    s be based in the United States.
  • Accenture Defense Group is a subsidiary of Accenture providing document management services, information technology software systems, and business process improvement strategies. Clients are multinational governments, government suppliers of "WarFighter" goods and services, corporations, and also include transnational organizations such as the European Space Agency.
  • Accenture Technology Solutions is a subsidiary of Accenture providing technology skills to clients and comprises the entThe Philippines and Romania
    Romania
    Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

     where they work in Accenture Delivery Centers.
  • Accenture SAP Solutions is a subsidiary of Accenture providing SAP
    SAP AG
    SAP AG is a German software corporation that makes enterprise software to manage business operations and customer relations. Headquartered in Walldorf, Baden-Württemberg, with regional offices around the world, SAP is the market leader in enterprise application software...

     computer software to clients, created with former Coritel BPM SAP resources.
  • Digiplug is a subsidiary of Accenture, providing digital supply chain
    Digital supply chain
    The Digital Supply Chain is a new media term which encompasses the process of the delivery of digital media, be it music or video, by electronic means, from the point of origin to destination...

     solution
    Solution
    In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of only one phase. In such a mixture, a solute is dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent. The solvent does the dissolving.- Types of solutions :...

    s to the entertainment industry. Based in France and founded in 1998, Digiplug supplies music and video manufacturing and delivery services to major music labels as well as wireless carriers and mobile terminal device manufacturers around the world.
  • Accenture Mobility Operated Services is a subsidiary of Accenture which helps enterprises develop and deploy new revenue-generating mobile applications.
  • Accenture Interactive is a subsidiary of Accenture which "helps companies develop world-class digital marketing capabilities and optimize their marketing investments".

Services

As most consulting firms, the Consulting workforce operates in a matrix structure. The first axis is dedicated to the operating groups, or industries of its clients. The second axis is the growth platforms, which broadly refers to the functional or technical domains in which Accenture specializes. Client engagement teams typically consist of a combination of industry experts, capability specialists and professionals with local market knowledge.

Operating groups

The five operating groups comprise 19 industry groups.
  • Communications, Media & Technology: Communications, Electronics and High Tech, Media and Entertainment
  • Financial Services: Banking, Capital Markets, Insurance
  • Products: Automotive, Air, Freight & Travel Services, Consumer Goods & Services, Industrial Equipment, Infrastructure & Transportation Services, Life Sciences, Retail
  • Resources: Chemicals, Energy, Natural Resources, Utilities
  • Health & Public Service: Health, Public Service

Growth platforms

The growth platforms comprise the domain-specific workgroups in which most of Accenture's client-facing people specialize their skills, develop and use Accenture's methodology, and create and deliver solution
Solution
In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of only one phase. In such a mixture, a solute is dissolved in another substance, known as a solvent. The solvent does the dissolving.- Types of solutions :...

s to clients. Most people in the Services and Solutions workforces are aligned under the Technology growth platform.
  • Management Consulting: This growth platform is focused on business solutions, processes, and change management in the areas of Customer Relationship Management, Finance & Performance Management, Process & Innovation Performance, Risk Management, Strategy, Supply Chain Management, and Talent & Organization Performance.
  • Technology: This growth platform brings together the full range of systems integration, technology consulting, and IT outsourcing skills. Specialties include enterprise solutions, system integration, technical architecture, business intelligence, infrastructure consulting, and technology research/development.
  • Business Process Outsourcing: This growth platform focuses on the full range of BPO services to enable high performance, including function-specific services such as procurement, HR and finance and accounting, as well as services geared to the needs of specific industries such as utilities, insurance and health care.

Leadership

Chairman of the Board:
  • Joe Forehand
    Joe Forehand
    Joe Forehand is former Chairman of the board and former CEO of Accenture. He became CEO in November 1999, and chairman in February 2001.Forehand was born in Alexander City, Alabama and graduated in 1971 from Auburn University and is a brother of the Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity...

     (February 2001 – August 2006)
  • William "Bill" D. Green
    William D. Green
    William D. Green is an American business executive. He is currently the chairman of the global Accenture management consulting firm.- Early life :...

     (September 2006 – …)


Chief executive officer:
  • George Shaheen
    George Shaheen
    George T. Shaheen , an American businessman, was chief executive at management consulting firm Andersen Consulting from 1989 to 1999, before moving on to now-defunct online grocer Webvan. His Webvan employment agreement, signed September 19, 1999 was filed with the SEC. By going to Webvan,...

     (November 1989 - November 1999 )
  • Joe Forehand
    Joe Forehand
    Joe Forehand is former Chairman of the board and former CEO of Accenture. He became CEO in November 1999, and chairman in February 2001.Forehand was born in Alexander City, Alabama and graduated in 1971 from Auburn University and is a brother of the Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity...

     (November 1999 – August 2004)
  • William D. "Bill" Green
    William D. Green
    William D. Green is an American business executive. He is currently the chairman of the global Accenture management consulting firm.- Early life :...

     (September 2004 – December 2010)
  • Pierre Nanterme
    Pierre Nanterme
    Pierre Nanterme, 51 years old, is a French businessman. He is currently Chief Executive of Accenture. He has been appointed Accenture's Chief Executive Officer on October 20, 2010, effective January 1, 2011...

     (January 2011 – …)

See also

  • WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship
    WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship
    The WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship is one of the annual World Golf Championships. It is a knockout event and is staged in January or February each year...

  • Top 50 Business Intellectuals
    Top 50 Business Intellectuals
    In 2002, the Accenture consulting company compiled a list of the top 50 business intellectuals. From a list of 300 brainstormed by their staff, they found the top 50 by summing of the ranks of these rankings:* Google hits...


External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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