Academia Mihăileană was an institution of higher learning based in
IaşiIaşi , is a city and municipality in Moldavia, in north-eastern Romania...
,
MoldaviaMoldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river...
, and active in the first part of the 19th century. Like other
Eastern EuropeEastern Europe is a region lying in the Eastern part of Europe. The term is highly context-dependent and there are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region"...
ean institutions of its kind, it was both a
high schoolHigh school is the name used in some parts of the world, particularly in Scotland, Northern America and Oceania, to describe an institution that provides all or part of secondary education...
and a
higher learningHigher education refers to a level of education that is provided by universities, vocational universities, community colleges, liberal arts colleges, institutes of technology and other collegiate level institutions, such as vocational schools, trade schools and career colleges, that award academic...
institute, housing several faculties.
Academia Mihăileană's founder is intellectual
Gheorghe AsachiGheorghe Asachi or Asaki was a Moldavian-born Romanian prose writer, poet, painter, historian, dramatist and translator. An Enlightenment-educated polymath and polyglot, he was one of the most influential people of his generation...
, who obtained the permission and support of the ruling Prince
Mihail SturdzaMihail Sturdza was a prince of Moldavia from 1834 to 1849. A man of liberal education, he established the Mihaileana Academy, a kind of university, in Iaşi. He brought scholars from foreign countries to act as teachers, and gave a very powerful stimulus to the educational development of the...
. It derived its
Mihăileană name from the monarch's first name (literary: "Michaelian Academy").
Academia Mihăileană was an institution of higher learning based in
IaşiIaşi , is a city and municipality in Moldavia, in north-eastern Romania...
,
MoldaviaMoldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river...
, and active in the first part of the 19th century. Like other
Eastern EuropeEastern Europe is a region lying in the Eastern part of Europe. The term is highly context-dependent and there are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region"...
ean institutions of its kind, it was both a
high schoolHigh school is the name used in some parts of the world, particularly in Scotland, Northern America and Oceania, to describe an institution that provides all or part of secondary education...
and a
higher learningHigher education refers to a level of education that is provided by universities, vocational universities, community colleges, liberal arts colleges, institutes of technology and other collegiate level institutions, such as vocational schools, trade schools and career colleges, that award academic...
institute, housing several faculties.
History
Academia Mihăileană's founder is intellectual
Gheorghe AsachiGheorghe Asachi or Asaki was a Moldavian-born Romanian prose writer, poet, painter, historian, dramatist and translator. An Enlightenment-educated polymath and polyglot, he was one of the most influential people of his generation...
, who obtained the permission and support of the ruling Prince
Mihail SturdzaMihail Sturdza was a prince of Moldavia from 1834 to 1849. A man of liberal education, he established the Mihaileana Academy, a kind of university, in Iaşi. He brought scholars from foreign countries to act as teachers, and gave a very powerful stimulus to the educational development of the...
. It derived its
Mihăileană name from the monarch's first name (literary: "Michaelian Academy"). Sturdza issued the official decision which authorized the founding of the Academy in 1834. Because the institution was not assigned a building of its own, courses began at the Vasilian Gymnasium, a school founded by the same Asachi in 1828. On June 6, 1835 the academy had its official inauguration on separate premises, with the participation of Prince Sturdza.
Although Academia Mihăileană no longer provided faculty courses after 1847, it was not legally disaffected, and temporarily suspended its activity (during a time of political turmoil caused by the frequent
OttomanThe Ottoman Empire or Ottoman State , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299 to November 1, 1922 The Ottoman Empire or Ottoman State (Ottoman Turkish: دَوْلَتِ عَلِیَّهِ عُثْمَانِیَّه Dawlet-il ʿAliyyat-il ʿOs̠māniyye, Modern Turkish:...
-
RussianThe Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia, and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
clashes on Moldavia's soil, and the periods of Russian occupation).
In 1860
DomnitorDomnitor was the official title of the ruler of the United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia between 1859 and 1866...
Alexander John CuzaAlexander John Cuza was a Moldavian-born Romanian politician who ruled as the first Domnitor of the United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia between 1859 and 1866.-Early life:Born in Bârlad, Cuza belonged to the traditional boyar class in Moldavia, being the son of Ispravnic Ioan Cuza...
decided to disestablish the institution and split its patrimony. Its faculties were set up as a nucleus for the newly-established
University of IaşiThe Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi is the first modern university in Romania...
, while the inferior courses were re-created as the National High-School Iaşi (where studies lasted 7 years). Many of the academy’s professors continued their activity within the University.
Organisation
Academia Mihăileană was organized in three faculties, of Law, Philosophy and Theology, following the model of its predecessor, the
Princely Academy from IaşiThe Princely Academy from Iaşi was an institution of higher learning, active in the 18th and 19th centuries.- History :Founded in Iaşi by the Prince Antioh Cantemir in 1707, the Academy symbolically continued the Academia Vasiliană, although no direct link exists between the two similar institutions...
(1707-1821), where Asachi had been a teacher of Applied Sciences and Engineering from 1814 to 1819. The program of study in the faculties of Philosophy and Theology lasted two years, while the Faculty of Law took three years. In order to get into the faculty of law, one had to first graduate from in Philosophy.
The Academy delivered certificates of study, but not specific academic degrees. Like present-day graduates of the
FrenchFrance , officially the French Republic , is a country located in Western Europe, with several overseas islands and territories located on other continents. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean...
École Normale SupérieureThe École Normale Supérieure is a French grande école...
, students who completed courses at Academia Mihăileană only received a certificate that gave them the right to work in the service of the state, in administration, justice or education. Due to the quality of the study programs and to the qualification of the professors (most of them had a
PhDPHD may refer to:* Parisada Hindu Dharma, an Indonesian reform organization* PHD, a track on The Crystal Method album Tweekend* PHD finger, a protein sequence* PHD Mountain Software, an outdoor clothing and equipment company...
from
AustrianThe Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire founded on a remnant of the Holy Roman Empire centered on what is today's Austria that officially lasted from 1804 to 1867...
or
HungarianHungary , in English officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. Its capital is Budapest. Hungary is a member of OECD, NATO, EU, V4 and is a Schengen state...
universities and were members of various academic associations), the Western universities readily recognized the Academy's study certificates. Their possessors could enlist directly in a doctoral program, similar to graduates of any Western university in the period.
Notable faculty and alumni
- Simion Bărnuţiu
Simion Bărnuţiu was a Transylvanian-born Romanian historian, academic, philosopher, jurist, and liberal politician. A leader of the 1848 revolutionary movement of Transylvanian Romanians, he represented its Eastern Rite Catholic wing...
(1808-1864), philosopher and jurist
- Dimitrie Asachi (1820-1868), mathematician
- Damaschin Bojincă (1802-1869), professor, politician, historian
- Alexandru Costinescu (1812-1872), architect engineer
- Iacob Cihac (1800-1888), medical doctor, professor of natural history
- Anastasie Fătu (1816-1886), medical doctor and naturalist, founder of the Iaşi Botanical Garden
- Christian Flechtenmacher (1785-1843), jurist, legislator, professor of Law
- Ion Ghica
Ion Ghica was a Romanian revolutionary, mathematician, diplomat and twice Prime Minister of Romania . He was a full member of the Romanian Academy and its president for four times...
(1816-1897), revolutionary, politician, diplomat, writer, professor
- Dimitrie Gusti
Dimitrie Gusti was a Romanian sociologist, ethnologist, historian, and voluntarist philosopher; a professor at the University of Iaşi and the University of Bucharest, he served as Romania's Minister of Education in 1932-1933...
(1818-1887), writer, politician, professor
- Ion Ionescu de la Brad
Ion Ionescu de la Brad , born Ion Isăcescu, was a Moldavian-born Romanian revolutionary, agronomist, statistician, scholar and writer....
(1818-1891), revolutionary, agronomist, professor, scholar
- Mihail Kogălniceanu
Mihail Kogălniceanu was a Moldavian-born Romanian liberal statesman, lawyer, historian and publicist; he became Prime Minister of Romania October 11, 1863, after the union of the Danubian Principalities under Domnitor Alexander John Cuza, and later served as Foreign Minister under Carol I...
(1817-1891), politician, historian, professor
- Gheorghe Lemeni (1813-1848), painter
- Petre Maler-Câmpeanu (1809-1893), professor of philosophy, philologist
- Eftimie Murgu
Eftimie Murgu was a Romanian politician who took part in the 1848 Revolutions.He was born in Rudăria to Samu Murgu, an officer in the Imperial Army and Cumbria Murgu...
(1805-1870), revolutionary, politician, professor of philosophy
- Gheorghe Năstăseanu (1812-1864), painter
- Gheorghe Panaiteanu Bardasare
Gheorghe Panaiteanu Bardasare was a Romanian painter.-External links:*...
(1816-1900), painter and graphician
- Gheorghe Săulescu (1798-1864), philologist, poet, professor of universal history and logic
- Filaret Scriban (1811-1873), theologian, translator, professor of rhetoric, poetry and mythology
- Neofit Scriban (1808-1884), theologian, writer
- Teodor Stamati (1812-1852), physicist and mathematician
- Anton Velini (1812-1873), professor of philosophy, pedagogue
See also
- Academia Vasiliană
The Vasilian College or Vasilian Academy was an institution of higher learning in the Principality of Moldavia, founded by Prince Vasile Lupu in 1640....
- The Princely Academy
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University