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ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution

 
ASEAN Agreement On Transboundary Haze Pollution

 
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ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution
 
 
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The ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution is an environmental agreement
Environmental agreement

This is a list of international environmental agreements. Most of the following agreements are legally binding....
 signed in 2002 between all ASEAN nations to bring haze
Haze

Haze is traditionally an Earth's atmosphere phenomenon where dust, smoke and other dry particles obscure the clarity of the sky. The WMO manual of codes includes a classification of horizontal obscuration into categories of fog, ice fog, steam fog, mist, haze, smoke, vog, dust, sand and snow....
 pollution
Pollution

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms ....
 under control in Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India and north of Australia....
 

The agreement is a reaction to an environmental crisis that hit Southeast Asia in the late 1990s.






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Hazyklfrompnbdarbyparkhafiz
Downtown Core, Singapore, Oct 06
Borneo Fires October 2006
Hazeampangkualalumpur
The ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution is an environmental agreement
Environmental agreement

This is a list of international environmental agreements. Most of the following agreements are legally binding....
 signed in 2002 between all ASEAN nations to bring haze
Haze

Haze is traditionally an Earth's atmosphere phenomenon where dust, smoke and other dry particles obscure the clarity of the sky. The WMO manual of codes includes a classification of horizontal obscuration into categories of fog, ice fog, steam fog, mist, haze, smoke, vog, dust, sand and snow....
 pollution
Pollution

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into an environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or discomfort to the ecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms ....
 under control in Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India and north of Australia....
 

The agreement is a reaction to an environmental crisis that hit Southeast Asia in the late 1990s. The crisis was mainly caused by land clearing via open burning in the Indonesia
Indonesia

The Republic of Indonesia , is a transcontinental country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Comprising Islands of Indonesia, it is the world's largest Archipelago state....
n island of Sumatra
Sumatra

Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the list of islands by area in the world ....
. Satellite images confirmed the presence of hot spots throughout Borneo
Borneo

Borneo is the List of islands by area and is located at the centre of Maritime Southeast Asia. Administratively, this island is divided between Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei....
, Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula
Malay Peninsula

The Malay Peninsula or Thai-Malay Peninsula is a major peninsula located in Southeast Asia. It is also known as the Kra Peninsula and runs approximately north-south through the Kra Isthmus....
 and several other places. Malaysia
Malaysia

Malaysia is a federation that consists of States of Malaysia in Southeast Asia with a total landmass of . The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government....
, Singapore
Singapore

Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country microstate located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. It lies 137 kilometres north of the equator, south of the Malaysian state of Johor and north of Indonesia's Riau Islands....
 and to a certain extent, Thailand
Thailand

The Kingdom of Thailand is an independent country that lies in the heart of Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Laos and Myanmar, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and Myanmar....
 and Brunei
Brunei

Brunei Darussalam, officially the State of Brunei, Abode of Peace , is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo, in Southeast Asia....
 were particularly badly affected.

From Sumatra, monsoon
Monsoon

A monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind that lasts for several months. The term was first used in English in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and neighboring countries to refer to the big seasonal winds blowing from the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea in the southwest bringing heavy rainfall to the region....
 winds blew the smoke eastward and hence creating negative environmental externalities
Externality

In economics, an externality or spillover is a positive or negative impact on a party not directly involved in an economic transaction. In such a case, prices do not reflect the full costs or benefits in production or consumption of a product or service....
 on other Southeast Asian nations. Thick haze covered much of Southeast Asia for weeks and caused noticeable health problems among the populace.

As of June 2007, eight countries have ratified
Ratification

Ratification is the act of approving and paying for supplies or services provided to and accepted by the government as a result of an unauthorized commitment....
 the agreement.

Parties to the Agreement


Member State Date of Ratification/Approval Date of Deposit of
Instrument of Ratification/Approval
with the Secretary-General of ASEAN
Malaysia
Malaysia

Malaysia is a federation that consists of States of Malaysia in Southeast Asia with a total landmass of . The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government....
 December 3, 2002 February 18, 2003
Singapore
Singapore

Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is an island country microstate located at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. It lies 137 kilometres north of the equator, south of the Malaysian state of Johor and north of Indonesia's Riau Islands....
 January 13, 2003 January 2003
Brunei Darussalam February 27, 2003 April 23, 2003
Myanmar
Myanmar

Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar, is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia, or Indochina. The country is bordered by the People's Republic of China on the northeast, Laos on the east, Thailand on the southeast, Bangladesh on the west, India on the northwest, and the Bay of Bengal to the southwest with...
 March 5, 2003 March 17, 2003
Viet Nam March 24, 2003 May 29, 2003
Thailand
Thailand

The Kingdom of Thailand is an independent country that lies in the heart of Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Laos and Myanmar, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and Myanmar....
 September 10, 2003 September 26, 2003
Lao PDR December 19, 2004 July 13, 2005
Cambodia
Cambodia

The Kingdom of Cambodia is a country in South East Asia with a population of over 13 million people. The kingdom's capital and largest city is Phnom Penh....
 April 24, 2006 November 9, 2006


See also


  • 2005 Malaysian haze
    2005 Malaysian haze

    The 2005 Malaysian haze was a week-long choking haze over Malaysia that almost brought the central part of Peninsular Malaysia to a standstill, prompted crisis talks with Indonesia and caused widespread inconvenience....
  • 2006 Southeast Asian haze
  • Asian brown cloud
    Asian brown cloud

    The Asian brown cloud is a layer of air pollution that covers parts of South Asia, namely the northern Indian Ocean, India, and Pakistan. Viewed from satellite photos, the cloud appears as a giant brown stain hanging in the air over much of Asia and the Indian Ocean every year between January and March, possibly also during earlier and later...


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