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Airport Surface Detection Equipment, Model X, or ASDE-X, is a runway
Runway

A runway is a strip of land on an airport, on which aircraft can Takeoff and landing. Runways may be a man-made surface or a natural surface ....
-safety tool that enables air traffic controller
Air traffic controller

Air traffic controllers are people who operate the air traffic control system to expedite and maintain a safe and orderly flow of Aircraft and help prevent mid-air collisions....
s to detect potential runway conflicts by providing detailed coverage of movement on runways and taxiway
Taxiway

A taxiway is a path on an airport connecting runways with Airport ramps, hangars, Airport terminals and other facilities. They mostly have hard surface such as asphalt or concrete, although smaller airports sometimes use gravel or grass....
s. By collecting data from a variety of sources, ASDE-X is able to track vehicles and aircraft
Aircraft

An aircraft is a vehicle which is able to flight by being supported by the air, or in general, the atmosphere, of a planet. Examples include balloons, airplanes and helicopters....
 on airport
Airport

An airport is a location where aircraft such as Fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters, and Non-rigid airship take off and land. Aircraft may also be stored or maintained at an airport....
 surfaces and obtain identification information from aircraft transponder
Transponder

In telecommunication, the term transponder has the following meanings:* An automatic information appliance that receiver , amplifier, and Transmission a Signalling on a different frequency ....
s.

The data that ASDE-X uses comes from a surface movement radar
Surface movement radar

Surface Movement Radar is used to detect aircraft and vehicles on the surface of an airport. It is used by air traffic controllers to supplement visual observations....
 located on the air traffic control tower
Control tower

A control tower, or more specifically an air traffic control tower, is the name of the airport building from which the air traffic control unit controls the movement of aircraft on and around the airport....
 or remote tower, multilateration
Multilateration

Multilateration, also known as hyperbolic positioning, is the process of locating an object by accurately computing the time difference of arrival of a signal emitted from the object to three or more receivers....
 sensors, ADS-B
Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast

Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast is a cooperative surveillance technique for air traffic control and related applications.An ADS-B-equipped aircraft determines its own position using a global navigation satellite system and periodically broadcasts this position and other relevant information to potential ground stations and other...
 (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) sensors, terminal radars, the terminal automation system, and from aircraft transponders.






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Encyclopedia


Asde X
Airport Surface Detection Equipment, Model X, or ASDE-X, is a runway
Runway

A runway is a strip of land on an airport, on which aircraft can Takeoff and landing. Runways may be a man-made surface or a natural surface ....
-safety tool that enables air traffic controller
Air traffic controller

Air traffic controllers are people who operate the air traffic control system to expedite and maintain a safe and orderly flow of Aircraft and help prevent mid-air collisions....
s to detect potential runway conflicts by providing detailed coverage of movement on runways and taxiway
Taxiway

A taxiway is a path on an airport connecting runways with Airport ramps, hangars, Airport terminals and other facilities. They mostly have hard surface such as asphalt or concrete, although smaller airports sometimes use gravel or grass....
s. By collecting data from a variety of sources, ASDE-X is able to track vehicles and aircraft
Aircraft

An aircraft is a vehicle which is able to flight by being supported by the air, or in general, the atmosphere, of a planet. Examples include balloons, airplanes and helicopters....
 on airport
Airport

An airport is a location where aircraft such as Fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters, and Non-rigid airship take off and land. Aircraft may also be stored or maintained at an airport....
 surfaces and obtain identification information from aircraft transponder
Transponder

In telecommunication, the term transponder has the following meanings:* An automatic information appliance that receiver , amplifier, and Transmission a Signalling on a different frequency ....
s.

The data that ASDE-X uses comes from a surface movement radar
Surface movement radar

Surface Movement Radar is used to detect aircraft and vehicles on the surface of an airport. It is used by air traffic controllers to supplement visual observations....
 located on the air traffic control tower
Control tower

A control tower, or more specifically an air traffic control tower, is the name of the airport building from which the air traffic control unit controls the movement of aircraft on and around the airport....
 or remote tower, multilateration
Multilateration

Multilateration, also known as hyperbolic positioning, is the process of locating an object by accurately computing the time difference of arrival of a signal emitted from the object to three or more receivers....
 sensors, ADS-B
Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast

Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast is a cooperative surveillance technique for air traffic control and related applications.An ADS-B-equipped aircraft determines its own position using a global navigation satellite system and periodically broadcasts this position and other relevant information to potential ground stations and other...
 (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) sensors, terminal radars, the terminal automation system, and from aircraft transponders. By fusing the data from these sources, ASDE-X is able to determine the position and identification of aircraft and vehicles on the airport surfaces, as well as of aircraft flying within 5 miles (8 km) of the airport (selectively up to 60 nmi).

Controllers in the tower see this information presented as a color display of aircraft and vehicle positions overlaid on a map of the airport's runways/taxiways and approach corridors. The system essentially creates a continuously updated map
Map

A map is a visual representation of an area?a symbolic depiction highlighting relationships between elements of that space such as Object , regions, and topic-comment....
 of all airport-surface operations that controllers can use to spot potential collisions.

Consisting largely of commercial off-the-shelf
Commercial off-the-shelf

Commercial, off-the-shelf is a term for Computer software or hardware, generally technology or computer products, that are ready-made and available for sale, lease, or license to the general public....
 products, ASDE-X was designed as a solution for the smaller of the top-tier airports, and is especially helpful to controllers at night or in bad weather when visibility is poor. The Federal Aviation Administration
Federal Aviation Administration

The Federal Aviation Administration is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation with authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of civil aviation in the U.S....
 has also begun the process of deployment of visual and audio alarms, known as Safety Logic, that will assist ASDE-X by alerting controllers to possible collisions or runway incursions.

Pilots normally select their transponders to on just prior to take off and will turn it to standby or off after landing. When ASDE-X is available at an airport, that fact will be included in the recorded ATIS (Automated Terminal Information Service) information to indicate to the pilot to leave his transponder on while taxiing on the ground.

The first ASDE-X was activated for operational use and testing at General Mitchell International Airport
General Mitchell International Airport

General Mitchell International Airport is a county-owned public airport located five miles south of the central business district of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, a city in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, Wisconsin, United States....
 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Milwaukee is the largest city in Wisconsin and List of United States cities by population in the United States. It is the county seat of Milwaukee County, Wisconsin and is located on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan....
, in June 2003, and declared ready for national deployment in October 2003.

Airports with ASDE-X installed as of April 2008:
  • Bradley International Airport, Hartford, CT
  • Chicago O’Hare International Airport, Chicago, IL
  • William P. Hobby Airport, Houston, TX
  • Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Atlanta, GA
  • Charlotte Douglas International Airport, Charlotte, NC
  • Orlando International Airport, Orlando, FL
  • Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, St. Louis, MO
  • General Mitchell International Airport, Milwaukee, WI
  • Theodore Francis Green State Airport, Providence, RI
  • Louisville International Airport-Standiford Field, Louisville, KY
  • Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, Seattle, WA
  • Washington Dulles International Airport (Chantilly, VA)
  • John F. Kennedy International Airport (New York, NY)


Airports slated to get ASDE-X by 2011:
  • Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport (Baltimore, MD)
  • Boston Logan International Airport (Boston, MA)
  • Chicago Midway Airport (Chicago, IL)
  • Dallas-Ft. Worth International Airport (Dallas, TX)
  • Denver International Airport (Denver, CO)
  • Detroit Metro Wayne County Airport (Detroit, MI)
  • Ft. Lauderdale/Hollywood Airport (Ft. Lauderdale, FL)
  • George Bush Intercontinental Airport (Houston, TX)
  • Honolulu International-Hickam Air Force Base Airport (Honolulu, HI)
  • John Wayne-Orange County Airport (Santa Ana, CA)
  • LaGuardia Airport, (New York, NY)
  • Las Vegas McCarran International Airport (Las Vegas, NV)
  • Los Angeles International Airport (Los Angeles, CA)
  • Memphis International Airport (Memphis, TN)
  • Miami International Airport (Miami, FL)
  • Minneapolis St. Paul International Airport (Minneapolis, MN)
  • Newark International Airport (Newark, NJ)
  • Philadelphia International Airport (Philadelphia, PA)
  • Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport (Phoenix, AZ)
  • Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (Arlington, VA)
  • San Diego International Airport (San Diego, CA)
  • Salt Lake City International Airport (Salt Lake City, UT)
  • Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (Seattle, WA)
  • Allama International Airport Lahore Pakistan

    See also

    • Air traffic control
      Air traffic control

      Air traffic control is a service provided by ground-based Air traffic controller who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air. The primary purpose of ATC systems worldwide is to separate aircraft to prevent collisions, to organize and expedite the flow of traffic, and to provide information and other support for pilots when able....


    External links

    • by the Federal Aviation Administration, dated March 2, 2007.
    • [https://employees.faa.gov/org/linebusiness/ato/news/field/story/index.cfm?newsId=54036 Electronic Eyes Improve Runway Safety] by the Federal Aviation Administration's Air Traffic Organization (FAA ATO), dated Nov. 16, 2007.
    • , from the Washington Post
    • from AviationNews.net, dated April 8, 2008.
    • ASDE-X: Coming To An Airport Near You To Squawk Or Not To Squawk, That Is The Question from National Business Aviation Association March 28, 2004
    •