AMDAR
Encyclopedia
Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) is a program initiated by the World Meteorological Organization
.
AMDAR is used to collect meteorological data worldwide by using commercial aircraft.
Data are collected by the aircraft navigation systems and the onboard standard temperature
and static pressure
probes.
The data are then preprocessed before linking them down to the ground either via VHF communication (ACARS)
or via satellite
link ASDAR.
A detailed description is given in the AMDAR Reference Manual (WMO-No 958) available from the World Meteorological Organization
,
Geneva
, Switzerland
.
as a supplement to radiosonde
data, to aid in the plotting of upper-air data between the standard radiosonde soundings at 00Z and 12Z.
World Meteorological Organization
The World Meteorological Organization is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 189 Member States and Territories. It originated from the International Meteorological Organization , which was founded in 1873...
.
AMDAR is used to collect meteorological data worldwide by using commercial aircraft.
Data are collected by the aircraft navigation systems and the onboard standard temperature
Temperature
Temperature is a physical property of matter that quantitatively expresses the common notions of hot and cold. Objects of low temperature are cold, while various degrees of higher temperatures are referred to as warm or hot...
and static pressure
Static pressure
In fluid mechanics the term static pressure has several uses:* In the design and operation of aircraft, static pressure is the air pressure in the aircraft’s static pressure system....
probes.
The data are then preprocessed before linking them down to the ground either via VHF communication (ACARS)
or via satellite
Satellite
In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an object which has been placed into orbit by human endeavour. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as the Moon....
link ASDAR.
A detailed description is given in the AMDAR Reference Manual (WMO-No 958) available from the World Meteorological Organization
World Meteorological Organization
The World Meteorological Organization is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 189 Member States and Territories. It originated from the International Meteorological Organization , which was founded in 1873...
,
Geneva
Geneva
Geneva In the national languages of Switzerland the city is known as Genf , Ginevra and Genevra is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandie, the French-speaking part of Switzerland...
, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
Usage
AMDAR transmissions are most commonly used in forecast modelsNumerical weather prediction
Numerical weather prediction uses mathematical models of the atmosphere and oceans to predict the weather based on current weather conditions. Though first attempted in the 1920s, it was not until the advent of computer simulation in the 1950s that numerical weather predictions produced realistic...
as a supplement to radiosonde
Radiosonde
A radiosonde is a unit for use in weather balloons that measures various atmospheric parameters and transmits them to a fixed receiver. Radiosondes may operate at a radio frequency of 403 MHz or 1680 MHz and both types may be adjusted slightly higher or lower as required...
data, to aid in the plotting of upper-air data between the standard radiosonde soundings at 00Z and 12Z.