485 BC

• Darius I
  Darius I of Persia
  Darius I or Darius the Great , was a Zoroastrian Persian Shahanshah of Persia...
  
  , one of the greatest rulers of the Achaemenid dynasty
  Achaemenid Empire
  The Achaemenid Empire or Persian Empire was the successor state of the Median Empire, ruling over significant portions of what would become Greater Iran. The Persian and the Median Empire taken together are also known as the Medo-Persian Empire, succeeding the Neo-Assyrian Empire...
  
   of Persia
  Achaemenid Empire
  The Achaemenid Empire or Persian Empire was the successor state of the Median Empire, ruling over significant portions of what would become Greater Iran. The Persian and the Median Empire taken together are also known as the Medo-Persian Empire, succeeding the Neo-Assyrian Empire...
  
  , dies and is succeeded by his son, Xerxes I
  Xerxes I of Persia
  Xerxes the Great, also known as Xerxes I of Persia, was a Zoroastrian Persian Shahanshah of the Achaemenid Empire.Xerxes was the son of Darius the Great and his wife Atossa...
  
  . During this time the Persian empire extends as far west as Macedon
  Macedon
  Macedonia or Macedon was an ancient kingdom, centered in the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula, bordered by Epirus to the west, Paionia to the north, the region of Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south...
  
  ia and Libya
  Libya
  Libya , officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya , is a country located in North Africa...
  
   and as far east as the Hyphasis
  Beas River
  The Beas River is the second easternmost of the rivers of the Punjab, a tributary of Indus River. The river rises in the Himalayas in central Himachal Pradesh, India, and flows for some 470 km to the Sutlej River in western Punjab state.-Etymology:The river was also known as Arjikuja of...
  
   (Beas) River; it stretches to the Caucasus Mountains
  Caucasus Mountains
  The Caucasus Mountains is a mountain system in Eurasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.The Caucasus Mountains are made up of two separate mountain systems:* the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range and...
  
   and the Aral Sea
  Aral Sea
  The Aral Sea is an endorheic basin in Central Asia; it lies between Kazakhstan in the north and Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region of Uzbekistan, in the south...
  
   in the north and to the Persian Gulf
  Persian Gulf
  The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. Historically and commonly known as the Persian Gulf, this body of water is sometimes controversially referred to as the Arabian Gulf by most Arab states or simply The...
  
   and the Arabian Desert
  Arabian Desert
  The Arabian Desert is a vast desert wilderness stretching from Yemen to the Persian Gulf and Oman to Jordan and Iraq. It occupies most of the Arabian Peninsula with an area of 2,330,000 square kilometers...
  
   in the south.

• Gelo
  Gelo
  Gelo , son of Deinomenes, was a 5th century BC ruler of Gela and Syracuse and first of the Deinomenid rulers.- Early life :...
  
  , the tyrant of Gela
  Gela
  Gela is a town in the province of Caltanissetta in the south of Sicily, Italy. The city is at about 84 kilometers distance from the city of Caltanissetta, on the Mediterranean Sea. The city has a larger population than the provincial capital, and ranks second in land area.Gela is an important...
  
  , takes advantage of an appeal by the descendants of the first colonist of Syracuse, the Gamoroi, who had held power until they were expelled by the Killichiroi, the lower class of the city, and makes himself master of that city, leaving his brother Hieron
  Hiero I of Syracuse
  Hieron I was the son of Deinomenes, the brother of Gelon and tyrant of Syracuse in Sicily from 478 to 467 BC. In succeeding Gelon, he conspired against a third brother Polyzelos. During his reign, he greatly increased the power of Syracuse...
  
   to control Gela.

Persian Empire

• Darius I
  Darius I of Persia
  Darius I or Darius the Great , was a Zoroastrian Persian Shahanshah of Persia...
  
  , one of the greatest rulers of the Achaemenid dynasty
  Achaemenid Empire
  The Achaemenid Empire or Persian Empire was the successor state of the Median Empire, ruling over significant portions of what would become Greater Iran. The Persian and the Median Empire taken together are also known as the Medo-Persian Empire, succeeding the Neo-Assyrian Empire...
  
   of Persia
  Achaemenid Empire
  The Achaemenid Empire or Persian Empire was the successor state of the Median Empire, ruling over significant portions of what would become Greater Iran. The Persian and the Median Empire taken together are also known as the Medo-Persian Empire, succeeding the Neo-Assyrian Empire...
  
  , dies and is succeeded by his son, Xerxes I
  Xerxes I of Persia
  Xerxes the Great, also known as Xerxes I of Persia, was a Zoroastrian Persian Shahanshah of the Achaemenid Empire.Xerxes was the son of Darius the Great and his wife Atossa...
  
  . During this time the Persian empire extends as far west as Macedon
  Macedon
  Macedonia or Macedon was an ancient kingdom, centered in the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula, bordered by Epirus to the west, Paionia to the north, the region of Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south...
  
  ia and Libya
  Libya
  Libya , officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya , is a country located in North Africa...
  
   and as far east as the Hyphasis
  Beas River
  The Beas River is the second easternmost of the rivers of the Punjab, a tributary of Indus River. The river rises in the Himalayas in central Himachal Pradesh, India, and flows for some 470 km to the Sutlej River in western Punjab state.-Etymology:The river was also known as Arjikuja of...
  
   (Beas) River; it stretches to the Caucasus Mountains
  Caucasus Mountains
  The Caucasus Mountains is a mountain system in Eurasia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.The Caucasus Mountains are made up of two separate mountain systems:* the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range and...
  
   and the Aral Sea
  Aral Sea
  The Aral Sea is an endorheic basin in Central Asia; it lies between Kazakhstan in the north and Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region of Uzbekistan, in the south...
  
   in the north and to the Persian Gulf
  Persian Gulf
  The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. Historically and commonly known as the Persian Gulf, this body of water is sometimes controversially referred to as the Arabian Gulf by most Arab states or simply The...
  
   and the Arabian Desert
  Arabian Desert
  The Arabian Desert is a vast desert wilderness stretching from Yemen to the Persian Gulf and Oman to Jordan and Iraq. It occupies most of the Arabian Peninsula with an area of 2,330,000 square kilometers...
  
   in the south.

Sicily

• Gelo
  Gelo
  Gelo , son of Deinomenes, was a 5th century BC ruler of Gela and Syracuse and first of the Deinomenid rulers.- Early life :...
  
  , the tyrant of Gela
  Gela
  Gela is a town in the province of Caltanissetta in the south of Sicily, Italy. The city is at about 84 kilometers distance from the city of Caltanissetta, on the Mediterranean Sea. The city has a larger population than the provincial capital, and ranks second in land area.Gela is an important...
  
  , takes advantage of an appeal by the descendants of the first colonist of Syracuse, the Gamoroi, who had held power until they were expelled by the Killichiroi, the lower class of the city, and makes himself master of that city, leaving his brother Hieron
  Hiero I of Syracuse
  Hieron I was the son of Deinomenes, the brother of Gelon and tyrant of Syracuse in Sicily from 478 to 467 BC. In succeeding Gelon, he conspired against a third brother Polyzelos. During his reign, he greatly increased the power of Syracuse...
  
   to control Gela.