3. Maj
Encyclopedia
3. Maj is a shipyard
in Croatia
, located in the city of Rijeka
. It builds mainly oil tanker
s, bulk cargo ships, and container ships. It also sometimes builds smaller passenger ferries
or yacht
s. It employs approximately 2,850 workers.
The first docks were erected in 1892 as an affiliate to the German
Howaldtswerke
from Kiel
. After their rent expired in 1902, it had low activity until 1905 when three businessmen from Budapest
resumed the operation, now under the name Danubius, renamed in 1911 to Ganz&co Danubius. The activity grew throughout the 1910s. In 1920 it passed to Italian
possession, and the name was changed once again, to Cantieri Navali del Quarnaro.
During World War II
, the shipyard was utterly destroyed, and had to be completely rebuilt. After the war it went under the name Kvarnersko Brodogradilište, and was later named 3. Maj or 3 May, in memory of 3 May 1945 when Rijeka was freed from Axis
occupation. 3. Maj grew during the whole post-war period in Yugoslavia
to become one of the largest shipyards on the Mediterranean. Before the Yugoslav wars
it would employ 4,500 workers at full capacity, but it underwent an economic crisis during the war in Croatia and has still to fully recover.
Shipyard
Shipyards and dockyards are places which repair and build ships. These can be yachts, military vessels, cruise liners or other cargo or passenger ships. Dockyards are sometimes more associated with maintenance and basing activities than shipyards, which are sometimes associated more with initial...
in Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
, located in the city of Rijeka
Rijeka
Rijeka is the principal seaport and the third largest city in Croatia . It is located on Kvarner Bay, an inlet of the Adriatic Sea and has a population of 128,735 inhabitants...
. It builds mainly oil tanker
Tanker (ship)
A tanker is a ship designed to transport liquids in bulk. Major types of tankship include the oil tanker, the chemical tanker, and the liquefied natural gas carrier.-Background:...
s, bulk cargo ships, and container ships. It also sometimes builds smaller passenger ferries
Ferry
A ferry is a form of transportation, usually a boat, but sometimes a ship, used to carry primarily passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo as well, across a body of water. Most ferries operate on regular, frequent, return services...
or yacht
Yacht
A yacht is a recreational boat or ship. The term originated from the Dutch Jacht meaning "hunt". It was originally defined as a light fast sailing vessel used by the Dutch navy to pursue pirates and other transgressors around and into the shallow waters of the Low Countries...
s. It employs approximately 2,850 workers.
The first docks were erected in 1892 as an affiliate to the German
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
Howaldtswerke
Howaldtswerke
Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft is a German shipbuilding company, headquartered in Kiel. In 2009 it was the largest shipyard in Germany and has more than 2,400 employees. It has been part of ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems owned by ThyssenKrupp, since 2005...
from Kiel
Kiel
Kiel is the capital and most populous city in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein, with a population of 238,049 .Kiel is approximately north of Hamburg. Due to its geographic location in the north of Germany, the southeast of the Jutland peninsula, and the southwestern shore of the...
. After their rent expired in 1902, it had low activity until 1905 when three businessmen from Budapest
Budapest
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
resumed the operation, now under the name Danubius, renamed in 1911 to Ganz&co Danubius. The activity grew throughout the 1910s. In 1920 it passed to Italian
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
possession, and the name was changed once again, to Cantieri Navali del Quarnaro.
During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, the shipyard was utterly destroyed, and had to be completely rebuilt. After the war it went under the name Kvarnersko Brodogradilište, and was later named 3. Maj or 3 May, in memory of 3 May 1945 when Rijeka was freed from Axis
Axis Powers
The Axis powers , also known as the Axis alliance, Axis nations, Axis countries, or just the Axis, was an alignment of great powers during the mid-20th century that fought World War II against the Allies. It began in 1936 with treaties of friendship between Germany and Italy and between Germany and...
occupation. 3. Maj grew during the whole post-war period in Yugoslavia
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the abolition of the Yugoslav monarchy until it was dissolved in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,...
to become one of the largest shipyards on the Mediterranean. Before the Yugoslav wars
Yugoslav wars
The Yugoslav Wars were a series of wars, fought throughout the former Yugoslavia between 1991 and 1995. The wars were complex: characterized by bitter ethnic conflicts among the peoples of the former Yugoslavia, mostly between Serbs on the one side and Croats and Bosniaks on the other; but also...
it would employ 4,500 workers at full capacity, but it underwent an economic crisis during the war in Croatia and has still to fully recover.