2C-T-7
Encyclopedia
2C-T-7 is a psychedelic
phenethylamine
of the 2C family
. In his book PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story
, Alexander Shulgin
lists the dosage range as 10 to 30 mg. 2C-T-7 is generally taken orally
, and produces psychedelic
and entactogenic
effects that last 8 to 15 hours. Up until Operation Web Tryp
and three deaths, two of which involved the use of other drugs in addition to 2C-T-7, and one which involved an excessive insufflated dose, 2C-T-7 was sold commercially in Dutch and Japanese smartshops and online. It is known on the streets as 'Blue Mystic' or '7th Heaven'. There has been little real research done on this chemical other than Shulgin's comments in PiHKAL and a few small animal studies mostly aimed at detecting metabolites.
serotonin receptor
agonist
in the brain, a mechanism of action shared by all of the hallucinogenic tryptamines and phenethylamines.
As the 2,5-desmethoxy derivative of 2C-T-7 has been shown to be a moderate monoamine oxidase A
inhibitor, 2C-T-7 may likewise have MAO-A inhibitory effects. If 2C-T-7 does have MAO-A inhibitory effects, then this could indicate that 2C-T-7 is more likely to induce serotonin syndrome
, especially at high dosages, than other serotonergic hallucinogens, which may contribute to the toxic effects of ephedrine and MDMA which have been shown to increase following MAO inhibition. (See: Deaths, infra)
2C-T-7 is psychedelic. In PiHKAL, Shulgin records that the hallucinations are unique, and that the chemical may cause muscle tension and an altered vocal quality. Shulgin suggested reading about amateur research on 2C-T-7's effects. Erowid
gives the following effects list:
The drug can be taken orally or snorted, although nasal administration is reported to be extremely painful. Use of 2C-T-7 as a nootropic
at low doses of 1–10 mg has been reported, and it may be useful for this purpose in a similar manner to LSD
, which shows modest stimulant and nootropic effects at doses of 10 µg.
reports that 2C-T-7 can be lethal even in small doses, however; they provide no source for their claim and of the three known deaths of 2C-T-7 intoxicated individuals, all involved either excessive insufflated
doses or the concomitant ingestion of other stimulants such as ephedrine and MDMA. There have been at least three reported deaths related to 2C-T-7 use as of August, 2007, mainly at insufflated doses of 30 mg or more or combined with stimulants such as MDMA, as well as a number of very uncomfortably intense effects and hospitalizations, these mostly followed insufflation of 2C-T-7. In January 2002, Rolling Stone published an article about 2C-T-7 entitled "The New (legal) Killer Drug", although the legal status of the drug was misrepresented in the article, as 2C-T-7 was already illegal under the United States' analog act. A detailed response on the website Disinformation challenged the accuracy of much of the reporting in that Rolling Stone article.
All of these known deaths of individuals under the influence of 2C-T-7, therefore, occurred in those known either to be intoxicated with potentially deadly stimulants such as ephedrine
or MDMA or after the individual insufflated an excessive amount of 2C-T-7- excessive being an amount greater than necessary to induce the full range of the drug's effects, such as the reported 35 mg insufflated dose taken by the individual who died in the Fall of 2000. This reported dose was characterized as "excessive" by the US DEA. Additionally, ephedrine, itself an MAO inhibitor, and MDMA may interact with any monoamine oxidase
inhibition by 2C-T-7, which is presently speculative, to increase the cardiotoxicity of MDMA or ephedrine, which together were known to be present in two of the three deaths of 2C-T-7-intoxicated individuals. Ephedrine's cardiovascular effects have previously been shown to be potentiated by some MAO-A inhibitors
and 2C-T-7 are covered by the country's analogue
drug laws.
.
, BDB
, 2C-B
and PMMA, were banned in Sweden. This was not done by appending these drugs to the country's normal drug laws, but by passing a new law, "Förordning (1999:58) om förbud mot vissa hälsofarliga varor," which banned the drugs as being materials dangerous to health.
was sent a copy of a letter from the British Home Office to several of its administrative associates which in effect placed all compounds listed in PiHKAL
into Class A.
. On March 18, 2004, the DEA published a Final Rule in the Federal Register permanently placing 2C-T-7 in Schedule I. (69 FR 12794).
Psychedelic
The term psychedelic is derived from the Greek words ψυχή and δηλοῦν , translating to "soul-manifesting". A psychedelic experience is characterized by the striking perception of aspects of one's mind previously unknown, or by the creative exuberance of the mind liberated from its ostensibly...
phenethylamine
Phenethylamine
Phenylethylamine or phenethylamine is a natural monoamine alkaloid, trace amine, and also the name of a class of chemicals with many members well known for psychoactive drug and stimulant effects. Studies suggest that phenylethylamine functions as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter in the...
of the 2C family
2C (psychedelics)
2C is a general name for the family of psychedelic phenethylamines containing methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of the benzene ring. Most of these compounds also carry lipophilic substituents at the 4 position, usually resulting in more potent and more metabolically stable and longer acting...
. In his book PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story
PiHKAL
PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story is a book by Dr. Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin which was published in 1991. The subject of the work is psychoactive phenethylamine chemical derivatives, notably those that act as psychedelics and/or empathogen-entactogens...
, Alexander Shulgin
Alexander Shulgin
Alexander "Sasha" Theodore Shulgin is an American pharmacologist, chemist, artist, and drug developer.Shulgin is credited with the popularization of MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, especially for psychopharmaceutical use and the treatment of depression and...
lists the dosage range as 10 to 30 mg. 2C-T-7 is generally taken orally
Mouth
The mouth is the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food andsaliva. The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane epithelium lining the inside of the mouth....
, and produces psychedelic
Psychedelic drug
A psychedelic substance is a psychoactive drug whose primary action is to alter cognition and perception. Psychedelics are part of a wider class of psychoactive drugs known as hallucinogens, a class that also includes related substances such as dissociatives and deliriants...
and entactogenic
Empathogen-entactogen
The terms empathogen and entactogen are used to describe a class of psychoactive drugs that produce distinctive emotional and social effects similar to those of MDMA. Putative members of this class include 2C-B, 2C-I, MDMA, MDA, MDEA, MBDB, 2C-T-7, and 2C-T-2, among others...
effects that last 8 to 15 hours. Up until Operation Web Tryp
Operation Web Tryp
Operation Web Tryp was a United States Drug Enforcement Administration operation that ended on July 21, 2004 with the arrests of 10 persons. Its purpose was to investigate web sites suspected of distribution of unscheduled, unregulated tryptamines and phenethylamines of questionable legality...
and three deaths, two of which involved the use of other drugs in addition to 2C-T-7, and one which involved an excessive insufflated dose, 2C-T-7 was sold commercially in Dutch and Japanese smartshops and online. It is known on the streets as 'Blue Mystic' or '7th Heaven'. There has been little real research done on this chemical other than Shulgin's comments in PiHKAL and a few small animal studies mostly aimed at detecting metabolites.
Pharmacology
The mechanism that produces the psychedelic and entactogenic effects of 2C-T-7 is most likely to result from action as a 5-HT2A5-HT2A receptor
The mammalian 5-HT2A receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT2 receptor that belongs to the serotonin receptor family and is a G protein-coupled receptor . This is the main excitatory receptor subtype among the GPCRs for serotonin , although 5-HT2A may also have an inhibitory effect on certain areas such...
serotonin receptor
5-HT receptor
The serotonin receptors, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors or 5-HT receptors, are a group of G protein-coupled receptors and ligand-gated ion channels found in the central and peripheral nervous systems. They mediate both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission...
agonist
Agonist
An agonist is a chemical that binds to a receptor of a cell and triggers a response by that cell. Agonists often mimic the action of a naturally occurring substance...
in the brain, a mechanism of action shared by all of the hallucinogenic tryptamines and phenethylamines.
As the 2,5-desmethoxy derivative of 2C-T-7 has been shown to be a moderate monoamine oxidase A
Monoamine Oxidase A
Monoamine oxidase A, also known as MAO-A, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAO-A gene. Monoamine oxidase A is an isozyme of monoamine oxidase. It preferentially deaminates norepinephrine , epinephrine , serotonin, and dopamine...
inhibitor, 2C-T-7 may likewise have MAO-A inhibitory effects. If 2C-T-7 does have MAO-A inhibitory effects, then this could indicate that 2C-T-7 is more likely to induce serotonin syndrome
Serotonin syndrome
Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening adverse drug reaction that may occur following therapeutic drug use, inadvertent interactions between drugs, overdose of particular drugs, or the recreational use of certain drugs...
, especially at high dosages, than other serotonergic hallucinogens, which may contribute to the toxic effects of ephedrine and MDMA which have been shown to increase following MAO inhibition. (See: Deaths, infra)
Effects
Erowid
Erowid, also called The Vaults of Erowid, is an online library of information about psychoactive plants and chemicals and other topics on altered states of consciousness such as meditation and lucid dreaming. It provides information about legal and illegal substances, including their desired and...
gives the following effects list:
Positive
- sense of well-being (enhanced lucidity, sense of inner peace)
- emotional opening
- significant closed and open eye visuals
- increased appreciation of musicMusicMusic is an art form whose medium is sound and silence. Its common elements are pitch , rhythm , dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture...
Neutral
- sexual dysfunction
- general change in consciousnessConsciousnessConsciousness is a term that refers to the relationship between the mind and the world with which it interacts. It has been defined as: subjectivity, awareness, the ability to experience or to feel, wakefulness, having a sense of selfhood, and the executive control system of the mind...
(as with most psychoactives) - pupilPupilThe pupil is a hole located in the center of the iris of the eye that allows light to enter the retina. It appears black because most of the light entering the pupil is absorbed by the tissues inside the eye. In humans the pupil is round, but other species, such as some cats, have slit pupils. In...
dilation - change in perception of timeTimeTime is a part of the measuring system used to sequence events, to compare the durations of events and the intervals between them, and to quantify rates of change such as the motions of objects....
- visual hallucinations
- auditory hallucinations
Negative
- arrhythmia
- paranoia
- psychotic break
- nauseaNauseaNausea , is a sensation of unease and discomfort in the upper stomach with an involuntary urge to vomit. It often, but not always, precedes vomiting...
and vomiting - muscle tension
- insomnia
- muscle tremors and/or convulsions
- memory loss (at higher doses)
- potential trigger of HPPD
- delirium (at higher doses) (potentially dangerous)
- violent behavior (at higher doses)
- tachycardia
The drug can be taken orally or snorted, although nasal administration is reported to be extremely painful. Use of 2C-T-7 as a nootropic
Nootropic
Nootropics , also referred to as smart drugs, brain steroids, memory enhancers, cognitive enhancers, and intelligence enhancers, are drugs, supplements, nutraceuticals, and functional foods that improve mental functions such as cognition, memory, intelligence, motivation, attention, and concentration...
at low doses of 1–10 mg has been reported, and it may be useful for this purpose in a similar manner to LSD
LSD
Lysergic acid diethylamide, abbreviated LSD or LSD-25, also known as lysergide and colloquially as acid, is a semisynthetic psychedelic drug of the ergoline family, well known for its psychological effects which can include altered thinking processes, closed and open eye visuals, synaesthesia, an...
, which shows modest stimulant and nootropic effects at doses of 10 µg.
Deaths
The Partnership for a Drug-Free AmericaPartnership for a Drug-Free America
The Partnership for a Drug-Free America is a non-profit organization that helps parents prevent, intervene in and find treatment for drug and alcohol use by their children...
reports that 2C-T-7 can be lethal even in small doses, however; they provide no source for their claim and of the three known deaths of 2C-T-7 intoxicated individuals, all involved either excessive insufflated
Insufflation (medicine)
Insufflation is the practice of inhaling a substance. Insufflation has limited medical use, but is a common route of administration with many respiratory drugs used to treat conditions in the lungs and paranasal sinus .The technique is common for many recreational drugs and is also used for some...
doses or the concomitant ingestion of other stimulants such as ephedrine and MDMA. There have been at least three reported deaths related to 2C-T-7 use as of August, 2007, mainly at insufflated doses of 30 mg or more or combined with stimulants such as MDMA, as well as a number of very uncomfortably intense effects and hospitalizations, these mostly followed insufflation of 2C-T-7. In January 2002, Rolling Stone published an article about 2C-T-7 entitled "The New (legal) Killer Drug", although the legal status of the drug was misrepresented in the article, as 2C-T-7 was already illegal under the United States' analog act. A detailed response on the website Disinformation challenged the accuracy of much of the reporting in that Rolling Stone article.
All of these known deaths of individuals under the influence of 2C-T-7, therefore, occurred in those known either to be intoxicated with potentially deadly stimulants such as ephedrine
Ephedrine
Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine commonly used as a stimulant, appetite suppressant, concentration aid, decongestant, and to treat hypotension associated with anaesthesia....
or MDMA or after the individual insufflated an excessive amount of 2C-T-7- excessive being an amount greater than necessary to induce the full range of the drug's effects, such as the reported 35 mg insufflated dose taken by the individual who died in the Fall of 2000. This reported dose was characterized as "excessive" by the US DEA. Additionally, ephedrine, itself an MAO inhibitor, and MDMA may interact with any monoamine oxidase
Monoamine oxidase
L-Monoamine oxidases are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of monoamines. They are found bound to the outer membrane of mitochondria in most cell types in the body. The enzyme was originally discovered by Mary Bernheim in the liver and was named tyramine oxidase...
inhibition by 2C-T-7, which is presently speculative, to increase the cardiotoxicity of MDMA or ephedrine, which together were known to be present in two of the three deaths of 2C-T-7-intoxicated individuals. Ephedrine's cardiovascular effects have previously been shown to be potentiated by some MAO-A inhibitors
Legality
Around the year 2000, 2C-T-7 began to change from an obscure chemical to a drug used at parties and clubs in North America and Europe as it became available through a number of grey-market commercial vendors. This aroused the attention of the authorities, and since many countries have scheduled the chemical.Australia
In Australia, 2C-T-22C-T-2
2C-T-2, or 2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylthiophenethylamine is a psychedelic and entactogenic phenethylamine of the 2C family. It was first synthesized in 1981 by Alexander Shulgin. The drug has structural and pharmacodynamic properties similar to the drug 2C-T-7 .-Dosage:In Alexander Shulgin's book...
and 2C-T-7 are covered by the country's analogue
Analog (chemistry)
In chemistry, a structural analog , also known as chemical analog or simply analog, is a compound having a structure similar to that of another one, but differing from it in respect of a certain component. It can differ in one or more atoms, functional groups, or substructures, which are replaced...
drug laws.
The Netherlands
The Netherlands was the first country in the world to ban 2C-T-7, after being sold in smartshops for a short period. After 2C-T-2 was first banned, 2C-T-7 quickly appeared on the market, but was soon banned as well. 2C-T-7 is a list I drug of the Opium LawOpium Law
The Opium Law is the section of the Dutch law which covers nearly all psychotropic drugs. All non-psychotropic, but prescription-only drugs are covered by the Medicine Act.- Origin and history :...
.
Sweden
2C-T-2 became commercially available in Sweden in the summer of 1998, being sold in smartshops similar to those in the Netherlands. On April 1, 1999, both 2C-T-2 and 2C-T-7, along with MBDBMBDB
Methylbenzodioxolylbutanamine is an entactogen of the phenethylamine chemical class. MBDB is a closely related chemical analogue of MDMA, with the only difference between the two molecules being an ethyl group instead of a methyl group attached to the alpha carbon.MBDB was first synthesized by...
, BDB
J (psychedelic)
Benzodioxolylbutanamine is an entactogen, psychedelic, and stimulant of the phenethylamine chemical class. It is the α-ethyl analogue of methylenedioxyphenethylamine and methylenedioxyamphetamine .BDB was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin...
, 2C-B
2C-B
2C-B or 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine is a psychedelic drug of the 2C family. It was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin in 1974. In Shulgin's book PiHKAL, the dosage range is listed as 16–24 mg. 2C-B is sold as a white powder sometimes pressed in tablets or gel caps and is referred...
and PMMA, were banned in Sweden. This was not done by appending these drugs to the country's normal drug laws, but by passing a new law, "Förordning (1999:58) om förbud mot vissa hälsofarliga varor," which banned the drugs as being materials dangerous to health.
UK
In 1999, Alexander ShulginAlexander Shulgin
Alexander "Sasha" Theodore Shulgin is an American pharmacologist, chemist, artist, and drug developer.Shulgin is credited with the popularization of MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, especially for psychopharmaceutical use and the treatment of depression and...
was sent a copy of a letter from the British Home Office to several of its administrative associates which in effect placed all compounds listed in PiHKAL
PiHKAL
PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story is a book by Dr. Alexander Shulgin and Ann Shulgin which was published in 1991. The subject of the work is psychoactive phenethylamine chemical derivatives, notably those that act as psychedelics and/or empathogen-entactogens...
into Class A.
US
On September 20, 2002, 2C-T-7 was classified as a Schedule I substance in the United States by an emergency ruling by the DEADrug Enforcement Administration
The Drug Enforcement Administration is a federal law enforcement agency under the United States Department of Justice, tasked with combating drug smuggling and use within the United States...
. On March 18, 2004, the DEA published a Final Rule in the Federal Register permanently placing 2C-T-7 in Schedule I. (69 FR 12794).
External links
- Erowid 2C-T-7 Vault
- PiHKAL #43 2C-T-7 by Alexander ShulginAlexander ShulginAlexander "Sasha" Theodore Shulgin is an American pharmacologist, chemist, artist, and drug developer.Shulgin is credited with the popularization of MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, especially for psychopharmaceutical use and the treatment of depression and...
- 2C-T-7 Entry in PiHKAL