27th century BC

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Events

• 2900 BC – 2334 BC: Mesopotamia
  Mesopotamia
  
  Mesopotamia is the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern Iraq, as well as some parts of northeastern Syria, some parts of southeastern Turkey, and some parts of the Khuzestan Province of southwestern Iran....
  n wars of the Early Dynastic period.
• 2775 BC - 2650 BC: Second Dynasty wars in Egypt
  Egypt
  
  Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
  .
• 2750 BC – 2600 BC: Ancient burial sites with human Skeletons are created; they are later discovered in Ibbankatuwa, Dambulla
  Dambulla
  
  The city of Dambulla is situated in the Central Province of Sri Lanka, situated 148 km north-east of Colombo and 72 km north of Kandy.Major attractions of the city include the largest and best preserved cave temple complex of Sri Lanka, and the Rangiri Dambulla International Stadium, famous for being built in just 167 days....
   in Sri Lanka
  Sri Lanka
  
  Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is an island country in South Asia, located about off the southern coast of India....
  .
• 2737 BC: Invention of tea
  Tea
  
  Tea refers to the agricultural products of the leaves, leaf buds, and internodes of the Camellia sinensis plant, prepared and cured by various methods....
   as a beverage by Shennong
  Shennong
  
  Shennong , also known as the Yan Emperor or the Emperor of the Five Grains , is a legendary Emperor of China and culture hero of Chinese mythology who is believed to have lived some 5,000 years ago, and taught ancient China the practices of agriculture....
  , according to a Chinese legend.
• Germination of the Bristlecone pine
  Bristlecone pine
  
  The bristlecone pines are a small group of pine trees that are thought to reach an age far greater than that of any other single living organism known, up to nearly 5,000 years....
   tree "Methuselah
  Methuselah (tree)
  
  Methuselah is a Great Basin Bristlecone Pine in the White Mountains , which was 4,789 years old when sampled in 1957 by Schulman and Harlan....
  " about 2700 BC, the oldest tree
  TREE
  
  TREE was a Boston hardcore punk band formed in the summer of 1990. They were active in the Boston music scene until disbanding in 2002....
   still living now.
• 2700 BC: Early Dynastic (Archaic
  Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
  
  The Archaic or Early Dynastic Period of Egypt immediately follows the unification of Lower and Upper Egypt c. 3150 BC. It is generally taken to include the First dynasty of Egypt and Second dynasty of Egypt Dynasties, lasting from the Protodynastic Period of Egypt until 2686 BC, or the beginning of the Old Kingdom....
  ) period ended in Ancient Egypt
  Ancient Egypt
  
  Ancient Egypt was an Ancient history civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile in what is now the modern nation of Egypt....
   (according to French
  France
  
  France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
   Egyptologist Nicolas Grimol). This period includes 1st and 2nd Dyasties.
• c. 2700 BC: Old Kingdom
  Old Kingdom
  
  The Old Kingdom is the name commonly given to that period in the 3rd millennium BCE when Ancient Egypt attained its first continuous peak of civilization in complexity and achievement ? this was the first of three so-called "Kingdom" periods, which mark the high points of civilization in the lower Nile Valley ....
   started in Ancient Egypt
  Ancient Egypt
  
  Ancient Egypt was an Ancient history civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile in what is now the modern nation of Egypt....
  . 3rd–6th Dynasties.
• c. 2686 BC: Early Dynastic (Archaic) period ends in Ancient Egypt
  Ancient Egypt
  
  Ancient Egypt was an Ancient history civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile in what is now the modern nation of Egypt....
   (other date is 2700 BC).
• c. 2686 BC: Old Kingdom starts in Ancient Egypt (other date is 2700 BC).
• 2686 BC: Egypt
  Egypt
  
  Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
  : End of Second Dynasty
  Second dynasty of Egypt
  
  The Second Dynasty of ancient Egypt is often combined with the First dynasty of Egypt under the group title, Early Dynastic Period of Egypt. The capital at that time was Thinis....
  , start of Third Dynasty
  Third dynasty of Egypt
  
  Third Dynasty The Third Dynasty of ancient Egypt is the first dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Other dynasties of the Old Kingdom include the Fourth dynasty of Egypt, Fifth dynasty of Egypt and Sixth dynasty of Egypt....
  . Pharaoh
  Pharaoh
  
  Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
   Khasekhemwy
  Khasekhemwy
  
  Khasekhemwy was the fifth and final Pharaoh of the Second dynasty of Egypt. Little is known of Khasekhemwy, other than that he led several significant military campaigns and built several monuments, still extant, mentioning war against the Northerners....
   died. Pharaoh
  Pharaoh
  
  Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
   Sanakhte
  Sanakhte
  
  Sanakht, generally identified with the Nebka of much later king lists, was probably either the first or second pharaoh of the Third dynasty of Egypt of Ancient Egypt....
   started to reign.
• c. 2685 BC: Bull lyre, from the tomb of Queen Puabi
  Puabi
  
  Pu-Abi was an important personage in the Sumerian city of Ur who lived about 2600-2500 BCE, during the First Dynasty of Ur. While she is normally labeled as a "queen", that title is somewhat in dispute....
  , Ur
  Ur
  
  Ur is modern Tell el-Mukayyar, Iraq, and was a city in ancient Sumer. Once a coastal city near the mouth of the then Euphrates river on the Persian Gulf, Ur is now well inland....
   (modern Muqaiyir, Iraq
  Iraq
  
  Iraq , officially the Republic of Iraq , is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros Mountains, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
  ) was made. It is now in University Museum
  University museum
  
  A university museum is a museum or collection run by a university, typically founded to aid teaching and research within the university. The Ashmolean Museum at the University of Oxford in England is an early example, originally housed in the building that is now the Museum of the History of Science....
  , University of Pennsylvania
  University of Pennsylvania
  
  The University of Pennsylvania is a private research university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Penn is America's first university and is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States....
  , Philadelphia.
• c. 2681 BC - c. 2662 BC: Reign of Djoser
  Djoser
  
  Netjerikhet or Djoser is the best-known pharaoh of the Third dynasty of Egypt. He commissioned his official, Imhotep , to build the first of the pyramids, a step pyramid for him at Saqqara....
  , Pharaoh
  Pharaoh
  
  Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
   of Egypt
  Egypt
  
  Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
  , Third Dynasty.
• 2668 BC: Pharaoh
  Pharaoh
  
  Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
   Sanakhte
  Sanakhte
  
  Sanakht, generally identified with the Nebka of much later king lists, was probably either the first or second pharaoh of the Third dynasty of Egypt of Ancient Egypt....
   died.
• c. 2667 BC: Pharaoh
  Pharaoh
  
  Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
   Djoser
  Djoser
  
  Netjerikhet or Djoser is the best-known pharaoh of the Third dynasty of Egypt. He commissioned his official, Imhotep , to build the first of the pyramids, a step pyramid for him at Saqqara....
   starts to rule (other date is 2681 BC).
• 2660 BC: Archaic
  Early Dynastic Period of Egypt
  
  The Archaic or Early Dynastic Period of Egypt immediately follows the unification of Lower and Upper Egypt c. 3150 BC. It is generally taken to include the First dynasty of Egypt and Second dynasty of Egypt Dynasties, lasting from the Protodynastic Period of Egypt until 2686 BC, or the beginning of the Old Kingdom....
   period ends in Ancient Egypt
  Ancient Egypt
  
  Ancient Egypt was an Ancient history civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile in what is now the modern nation of Egypt....
  .
• c. 2660 BC: Old Kingdom
  Old Kingdom
  
  The Old Kingdom is the name commonly given to that period in the 3rd millennium BCE when Ancient Egypt attained its first continuous peak of civilization in complexity and achievement ? this was the first of three so-called "Kingdom" periods, which mark the high points of civilization in the lower Nile Valley ....
   in Ancient Egypt
  Ancient Egypt
  
  Ancient Egypt was an Ancient history civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile in what is now the modern nation of Egypt....
   started (Another date is 2715 BC).
• c. 2648 BC: Pharaoh
  Pharaoh
  
  Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
   Djoser
  Djoser
  
  Netjerikhet or Djoser is the best-known pharaoh of the Third dynasty of Egypt. He commissioned his official, Imhotep , to build the first of the pyramids, a step pyramid for him at Saqqara....
   dies (another date is 2662 BC).
• 2630 BC – 2611 BC: Imhotep
  Imhotep
  
  Imhotep , 27th century BC was an Egyptians polymath, who served under the third dynasty of Egypt king, Djoser, as chancellor to the pharaoh and high priest of the sun god Ra at Heliopolis ....
  , Vizier of Egypt
  Egypt
  
  Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
  , constructs the Pyramid of Djoser
  Pyramid of Djoser
  
  The Pyramid of Djoser , or step pyramid is an archeological remain in the Saqqara necropolis, Egypt, northwest of the city of Memphis, Egypt....
  
• 2627 BC – 2000 BC: Construction of the Caral
  Caral
  
  Chico civilization]]'Caral' is a large settlement in the Supe Valley, near Supe, Barranca province, Peru, some 200 km north of Lima. Caral is one of the most ancient cities of Americas and as a matter of fact of the entire world, and is a well-studied site of the Norte Chico civilization....
   metropolis in Peru
  Peru
  
  Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
  
• 2613 BC: Egypt
  Egypt
  
  Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
   — End of Third Dynasty
  Third dynasty of Egypt
  
  Third Dynasty The Third Dynasty of ancient Egypt is the first dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Other dynasties of the Old Kingdom include the Fourth dynasty of Egypt, Fifth dynasty of Egypt and Sixth dynasty of Egypt....
  , start of Fourth Dynasty
  Fourth dynasty of Egypt
  
  The Fourth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, also written Dynasty 4 and Dynasty IV, is characterized as a golden age of the Old Kingdom....
  . Pharaoh
  Pharaoh
  
  Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
   Huni
  Huni
  
  Huni was the last Pharaoh of Egypt of the Third dynasty of Egypt. He established a fortress on the island of Elephantine, securing the southern border of Egypt at the Cataracts of the Nile....
   died. Pharaoh
  Pharaoh
  
  Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
   Sneferu
  Sneferu
  
  Sneferu, also spelled as Snefru or Snofru , was the founder of the Fourth dynasty of Egypt, reigning from around 2613 BC to 2589 BC....
   started to reign.
• c. 2613 BC – 2494 BC: The Great Sphinx at Giza
  Giza
  
  in the 2006 national census, while the governate had 6,272,571 at the same census. Its large population makes it the 2nd largest suburb in the world, tied with Incheon, Korea and Quezon City, Philippines, second only to Yokohama, Japan....
   is built. Fourth Dynasty
  Fourth dynasty of Egypt
  
  The Fourth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, also written Dynasty 4 and Dynasty IV, is characterized as a golden age of the Old Kingdom....
  .
• c. 2601 BC - c. 2515 BC: Great Pyramids at Giza
  Giza
  
  in the 2006 national census, while the governate had 6,272,571 at the same census. Its large population makes it the 2nd largest suburb in the world, tied with Incheon, Korea and Quezon City, Philippines, second only to Yokohama, Japan....
   are built for Menkaure, Khafre and Khufu
  Khufu
  
  Khufu was a Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt's Old Kingdom. He reigned from around 2589 to 2566 B.C. Khufu was the second pharaoh of the Fourth dynasty of Egypt....
  . Fourth Dynasty
  Fourth dynasty of Egypt
  
  The Fourth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, also written Dynasty 4 and Dynasty IV, is characterized as a golden age of the Old Kingdom....
  .
• c. 2601 BC: Khufu
  Khufu
  
  Khufu was a Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt's Old Kingdom. He reigned from around 2589 to 2566 B.C. Khufu was the second pharaoh of the Fourth dynasty of Egypt....
   started to rule in Ancient Egypt
  Ancient Egypt
  
  Ancient Egypt was an Ancient history civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile in what is now the modern nation of Egypt....
  .
• 2600 BC: Mature Harappan
  Harappan
  
  Harappan can refer to:* Aspects related to Harappa an archaeological site and city in northeast Pakistan* The Indus Valley Civilization that thrived along Indus River ...
   phase of the Indus Valley Civilization
  Indus Valley Civilization
  
  The Indus Valley Civilization , abbreviated IVC, was an ancient civilization that flourished in the Indus River basin. Primarily centered along the Indus river, the civilization encompassed most of Pakistan, including its Sindh, Punjab and Balochistan provinces, and extending into modern day Indian states of Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab...
   begins. The cities of Harappa
  Harappa
  
  Harappa is a city in Punjab , northeast Pakistan, about 35 km southwest of Sahiwal.The modern town is located near the former course of the Ravi River and also beside the ruins of an ancient history fortification city, which was part of the Cemetery H culture and the Indus Valley Civilization....
   and Mohenjo-daro
  Mohenjo-daro
  
  Mohenjo-daro was one of the largest city-settlements of the Indus Valley Civilization of south Asia situated in the province of Sind, Pakistan....
   become large metropolises and the civilization expands to over 2,500 cities and settlements across the whole of Pakistan
  Pakistan
  
  Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia and borders Central Asia and the Middle East. It has a 1,046 kilometre coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south, and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and People's Republic of China in th...
  , much of northern India, and parts of Afghanistan
  Afghanistan
  
  Afghanistan , officially the Islamic republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country that is located approximately in the center of Asia....
   and Iran
  Iran
  
  Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran and formerly known internationally as Persian Empire until 1935, is a country in Central Eurasia, located on the northeastern shore of the Persian Gulf and the southern shore of the Caspian Sea....
  , covering a region of around one million square miles, which was larger than the land area of its contemporaries Egypt
  Egypt
  
  Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
   and Mesopotamia
  Mesopotamia
  
  Mesopotamia is the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern Iraq, as well as some parts of northeastern Syria, some parts of southeastern Turkey, and some parts of the Khuzestan Province of southwestern Iran....
   combined, and also had superior urban planning
  Urban planning
  
  Urban, city, and town planning is the integration of the disciplines of land use planning and transport planning, to explore a very wide range of aspects of the built and social environments of urbanized municipalities and communities....
   and sewage
  Sewage
  
  Sewage is the mainly liquid waste containing some solids produced by humans which typically consists of washing water, feces, urine, laundry waste and other material which goes down Plumbing fixture from households and industry....
   systems. The civilization began using the mature Indus script
  Indus script
  
  The term Indus script refers to short strings of symbols associated with the Indus Valley Civilization, in use during the Mature Harappan period, between the 26th century BC and 20th century BC centuries BC....
   for its writing system.
• 2600 BC: End of the Early Dynastic II Period and the beginning of the Early Dynastic IIIa Period in Mesopotamia
  Mesopotamia
  
  Mesopotamia is the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, largely corresponding to modern Iraq, as well as some parts of northeastern Syria, some parts of southeastern Turkey, and some parts of the Khuzestan Province of southwestern Iran....
  .
• 2700 BC: Mesoamericans begin to plant and domesticate corn
  Maize
  
  Maize , known as corn in some countries, is a cereal domesticated in Mesoamerica and subsequently spread throughout the American continents....
  .

Significant persons

• Gilgamesh
  Gilgamesh
  
  Gilgamesh also known as Bilgames in the earliest text , was the son of Lugalbanda and the fifth king of Uruk , ruling circa 2700 BC, according to the Sumerian king list....
  , fourth King of Uruk
  Uruk
  
  Uruk , from the Akkadian rendering of the Sumerian toponym 'unug', is modern Warka , Iraq. Uruk was an ancient city of Sumer and later Babylonia, situated east of the present bed of the Euphrates river, on the ancient Nil canal, some 30 km east of As-Samawah, Al Muthanna Governorate, Iraq....
   in Sumer
  Sumer
  
  Sumer was a civilization and a historical region located in Southern Iraq , known as the Cradle of civilization. It lasted from the first settlement of Eridu in the Ubaid period through the Uruk period and the Dynastic periods until the rise of Babylon in the early 2nd millennium BC....
  
• Djoser
  Djoser
  
  Netjerikhet or Djoser is the best-known pharaoh of the Third dynasty of Egypt. He commissioned his official, Imhotep , to build the first of the pyramids, a step pyramid for him at Saqqara....
  , first Pharaoh
  Pharaoh
  
  Pharaoh is a title used in many modern discussions of the ancient Egyptian rulers of all periods. In antiquity this title began to be used for the ruler who was the religious and political leader of united ancient Egypt, only during the New Kingdom, specifically, during the middle of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt....
   of the Third dynasty of Egypt
  Egypt
  
  Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
  
• Imhotep
  Imhotep
  
  Imhotep , 27th century BC was an Egyptians polymath, who served under the third dynasty of Egypt king, Djoser, as chancellor to the pharaoh and high priest of the sun god Ra at Heliopolis ....
  , Vizier of Egypt
  Egypt
  
  Egypt is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Western Asia. Covering an area of about , Egypt borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west....
   and architect
  Architect
  
  An architect is trained and licenced in planning and designing buildings, and participates in supervising the construction of a building. Etymologically, architect derives from the Latin architectus, itself derived from the Greek arkhitekton , i.e....
  

Deaths

• Enos
  Enos (biblical figure)
  
  Enos or Enosh is a biblical name in the genealogies of Adam , and consequently referred to within the genealogies of Books of Chronicles, and of Jesus in the Gospel of Luke....
  , son of Seth
  Seth
  
  Seth , in the Book of Genesis of the Hebrew Bible, is the third listed son of Adam and Eve and brother of Cain and Abel and is the only other son mentioned by name....
  , (3525 BC–2630 BC) according to the Hebrew Calendar
  Hebrew calendar
  
  The Hebrew calendar or Jewish calendar is a lunisolar calendar used by Jews, now predominantly for religious purposes. It is used to reckon the Jewish New Year and dates for Jewish holidays, and also to determine appropriate Torah reading of Torah portions, Yahrzeits , and daily Psalm reading, among many ceremonial uses....
  
• Fu Hsi
  Fu Hsi
  
  In Chinese mythology, Fu Xi or Fu Hsi , mid 2800s BCE, was the first of the mythical Three August Ones and Five Emperors of ancient China....
  , legendary ruler of China (traditional dates: 2752 BC–2638 BC)

Decades and years