See Also

17th century

As a means of recording the passage of time Time

Two distinct views exist on the meaning of time.... 

, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700 in the Gregorian calendar Gregorian calendar

The Gregorian calendar is the calendar [i] that is used nearly everywhere in the world. ... 

.

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Timeline

1651   June 30: The biggest battle of the 17th century, Battle of Beresteczko Battle of Berestechko

The Battle of Berestechko in Volhynia [i], Ukraine [i], most probably the greatest cavalry battle during ... 

, between Poles Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country located in Central Europe [i]. ... 

 and Ukrainians Ukraine

Ukraine is a country [i] in Eastern Europe [i]. ... 

, won by Poles.



Encyclopedia

As a means of recording the passage of time Time

Two distinct views exist on the meaning of time.... 

, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700 in the Gregorian calendar Gregorian calendar

The Gregorian calendar is the calendar [i] that is used nearly everywhere in the world.... 

.


Events


1600s 

  • 1601: Battle of Kinsale Siege of Kinsale

    The Siege of Kinsale was the ultimate battle in England [i]'s successful effort to conquer Gael [i]ic Ireland [i] ... 

    , the most important battle in Irish history, fought.
  • 1602: Dutch East India Company Dutch East India Company

    The Dutch East India [i] Company was established on March 20 [i], 1602 [i], when the ... 

     founded. Its success contributes to the Dutch Golden Age Dutch Golden Age

    [i] history, roughly spanning the [[17th century]... 

    .
  • 1603: Elizabeth I of England Elizabeth I of England

    Elizabeth I was Queen of England [i], Queen of France , and Queen of Ireland [i] ... 

     dies and is succeeded by her cousin King James VI of Scotland James I of England

    James VI of Scotland/James I of England and Ireland was King of England [i] ... 

    , uniting the crowns of Scotland Scotland

    Scotland is a nation [i] in northwest Europe [i] and one of the constituent [i] countries [i] ... 

     and England England

    England is the largest and most populous constituent country [i] of the United Kingdom [i]. ... 

    .
  • 1603: Tokugawa Ieyasu Tokugawa Ieyasu

    Tokugawa Ieyasu ; ?? ?? was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate [i] of Japan [i] whi ... 

     seizes control of Japan Japan

    is an island country [i] in East Asia [i]. ... 

     and establishes the Tokugawa Shogunate Tokugawa shogunate

    The , or Edo bakufu, was a feudal [i] military dictatorship of Japan [i] established by Tokugawa Ieyasu [i] ... 

     which rules the country until 1868.
  • 1603-23: After modernizing his army, Abbas I Abbas I of Persia

    Shah Abbas I born on, was the most eminent ruler of the Safavid [i] Dynasty. ... 

     expands Persia Persian Empire

    The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau [i] ... 

     by capturing territory from the Ottomans Ottoman Empire

    The Ottoman Empire , is also sometimes known in the West [i] as the Turkish Empire. ... 

     and the Portuguese Portugal

    Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic is located in southwestern Europe [i] on the Iberian Peninsula [i] ... 

    .
  • 1605: Gunpowder Plot Gunpowder Plot

    The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 [i] was a failed attempt by a group of provincial English [i] Catholics [i] ... 

     foiled in England England

    England is the largest and most populous constituent country [i] of the United Kingdom [i]. ... 

    .
  • 1607: The London Company London Company

    The London Company was an English [i] joint stock company [i] established by royal charter by James I [i] ... 

     establishes the Jamestown Settlement Jamestown Settlement

    Jamestown Settlement is a name sometimes used to describe the first permanent English [i] settle ... 

     in North America North America

    North America is a continent [i] in the Earth [i]'s northern hemisphere [i] and almost fully in the western hemisphere [i]... 

     precipitating the British colonization of the Americas British colonization of the Americas

    British colonization of the Americas began under the Kingdom of England [i] in the late 16th century, be ... 

    .
  • 1608: Quebec City Quebec City

    Quebec City or Qubec* [i] is the capital [i] of the Canadian [i] ... 

     founded by Samuel de Champlain Samuel de Champlain

    Samuel de Champlain was a French [i] geographer [i], draftsman [i], explorer [i] ... 

     in New France New France

    New France describes the area colonized [i] by France [i] in North America [i] during a period extending ... 

     .

1610s 

  • 1611: The King James Version King James Version of the Bible

    The King James Version of the Bible, first published in 1611, has had a profound impact on English literature [i] ... 

     of the Bible Bible

    The Bible , is the name used by Jews [i] and Christians [i] for their differing canons [i]... 

     is completed.
  • 1613: The Time of Troubles Time of Troubles

    The Time of Troubles was a period of Russian history [i] comprising the years of interregnum [i] ... 

     in Russia Russia

    Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country [i] that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia [i] ... 

     ends with the establishment of the House of Romanov Romanov

    The House of Romanov was the second and last imperial [i] dynasty [i] of Russia [i], which ruled ... 

     which rules until 1917.
  • 1615: The Mughal Empire Mughal Empire

    The Mughal Empire, was an empire that at its greatest territorial extent ruled most of the Indian subcontinent [i] ... 

     grants extensive trading rights to the British East India Company British East India Company

    The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as "John Company", was a joint-stock company [i] ... 

    .
  • 1618-48: The Thirty Years' War Thirty Years' War

    The Thirty Years' War was fought between 1618 [i] and 1648 [i], principally on the territory of today's ... 

     devastates Central Europe Central Europe

    Central Europe is the region [i] lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern [i] ... 

    .

1620s 


  • 1624-42: As chief minister, Cardinal Richelieu Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu

    Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu, Cardinal-Duc de Richelieu, was a French [i] clergyman [i] ... 

     centralizes power in France.
  • 1625: New Amsterdam New Amsterdam

    New Amsterdam was the name of the 17th century [i] town which grew outside of Fort Amsterdam on Manhatt ... 

     founded by the Dutch West India Company in North America.

1630s 

  • 1637: The Dutch Netherlands

    The Netherlands is the Europe [i]an part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands [i] , which is formed ... 

     tulip mania Tulip mania

    The term tulip mania is used metaphor [i]ically to refer to any large economic bubble [i]. ... 

     bubble bursts.
  • 1637: The Pequot War, the first of the American Indian Wars Indian Wars

    Indian Wars is the name used by historians in the United States [i] to describe a series of conflicts be ... 

  • 1639-51: Wars of the Three Kingdoms Wars of the Three Kingdoms

    The Wars of the Three Kingdoms were an intertwined series of conflicts that took place in Scotland [i], ... 

    , civil wars throughout Scotland Scotland

    Scotland is a nation [i] in northwest Europe [i] and one of the constituent [i] countries [i] ... 

    , Ireland Ireland

    Ireland is the third largest [i] island [i] in Europe [i]. ... 

    , and England English Civil War

    The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations which took place betwee... 

    .

1640s 

  • 1640: Portugal Portugal

    Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic is located in southwestern Europe [i] on the Iberian Peninsula [i] ... 

     regains its independence from Spain Spain

    Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a Europe [i]an parliamentary monarchy [i].... 

     bringing an end to the Iberian Union Iberian Union

    Iberian Union is modern day term that refers to the historical political unit that governed all of the Iberian peninsula [i] ... 

    .
  • 1640: Torture Torture

    Torture is any act by which severe pain, whether physical or psychological [i], is intentiona... 

     is outlawed in England England

    England is the largest and most populous constituent country [i] of the United Kingdom [i]. ... 

    .
  • 1641: The Tokugawa Shogunate Tokugawa shogunate

    The , or Edo bakufu, was a feudal [i] military dictatorship of Japan [i] established by Tokugawa Ieyasu [i] ... 

     institutes Sakoku Sakoku

    Sakoku was the foreign relations [i] policy of Japan [i], whereby nobody, whether foreign or Japanese, c ... 

    - foreigners are expelled and no one is allowed to enter or leave Japan.
  • 1642: Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman Abel Tasman

    Abel Janszoon Tasman , was a Dutch [i] seafarer [i], explorer [i] a ... 

     achieves the first recorded European sighting of New Zealand New Zealand

    New Zealand is a country in the south-western Pacific Ocean [i] consisting of two large islands and many ... 

    .
  • 1644: The Manchu Manchu

    The Manchu are a Tungusic people [i] who originated in Manchuria [i].... 

     conquer China China

    China is a cultural region [i] and ancient civilization [i] in East Asia [i]. ... 

     ending the Ming Dynasty Ming Dynasty

    The Mng Dynasty was the ruling dynasty [i] of China [i] from 1368 [i] to 1644 [i]. ... 

    . The subsequent Qing Dynasty Qing Dynasty

    The Qing Dynasty , occasionally known as the Manchu Dynasty, was a dynasty [i] fou ... 

     rules until 1912.
  • 1648: The Peace of Westphalia Peace of Westphalia

    The Peace of Westphalia, also known as the Treaties of Mnster and Osnabrck, refers to the series o... 

     ends the Thirty Years' War Thirty Years' War

    The Thirty Years' War was fought between 1618 [i] and 1648 [i], principally on the territory of today's ... 

     and the Eighty Years' War Eighty Years' War

    The Eighty Years' War, or Dutch Revolt, was the revolt of the Seventeen Provinces [i] in the Netherlands [i] ... 

     and marks the ends of Spain Spain

    Spain, officially the Kingdom of Spain , is a Europe [i]an parliamentary monarchy [i].... 

     and the Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire

    The Holy Roman Empire was a mainly Central Europe [i]an conglomeration of lands [i] in the Middle Ages [i] ... 

     as major European powers.
  • 1648-53: Fronde civil war in France.
  • 1648-67: The Deluge wars leave Poland Poland

    Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country located in Central Europe [i]. ... 

     in ruins.
  • 1648-69: The Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

    The Ottoman Empire , is also sometimes known in the West [i] as the Turkish Empire. ... 

     captures Crete Crete

    Crete is the largest of the Greek [i] islands and the fifth largest in the Mediterranean Sea [i] ... 

     from the Venetians Republic of Venice

    The Most Serene Republic of Venice was a Venetia [i]n city-state [i] in Northeastern [i]... 

     after the Siege of Candia.

1650s 

  • 1652: Cape Town Cape Town

    Cape Town is the third most populous city [i] in South Africa [i]... 

     founded by the Dutch East India Company in South Africa South Africa

    The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of the Africa [i]n continent [i]. ... 

    .
  • 1652: Anglo-Dutch Wars Anglo-Dutch Wars

    The Anglo-Dutch Wars were fought in the 17th [i] and 18th centuries [i] betwe ... 

     begin.
  • 1655-61: The Northern Wars Northern Wars

    The Northern Wars is a name sometimes used for the series of conflicts between Sweden [i] and its advers ... 

     cement Sweden's Swedish Empire

    Sweden between the years 1611 [i] and 1718 [i] was one of the great power [i]s of Europe. ... 

     rise as a Great Power Rise of Sweden as a Great Power

    Charles IX

Main article: Charles IX of Sweden [i]
... 

.
  • 1656: Velázquez paints Las Meninas Las Meninas

    Las Meninas, painted in 1656 [i], is the most famous of the works by the Spanish [i] painter Diego Velzquez [i] ... 



1660s 

  • 1660: The Commonwealth of England Commonwealth of England

    The Commonwealth of England was the republic [i]an government which ruled first England [i] and then Ireland [i] ... 

     ends and the monarchy is brought back during the English Restoration English Restoration

    The English Restoration or simply Restoration was an episode in the history of England [i] beginni ... 

    .
  • 1660: Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge Royal Society

    The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as the Royal Socie... 

     founded.
  • 1661: The reign of the Kangxi Emperor Kangxi Emperor

    The Kangxi Emperor was the fourth Emperor [i] of the Manchu [i] Qing dynasty [i], and t ... 

     of China begins.
  • 1662: Koxinga Koxinga

    Koxinga is the popular name of Zheng Chenggong, who was a military leader [i] ... 

     captures Taiwan Taiwan

    Taiwan is an island in East Asia [i], but the term "Taiwan" is also commonly used to collectively refer ... 

     from the Dutch Netherlands

    The Netherlands is the Europe [i]an part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands [i] , which is formed ... 

     and founds the Kingdom of Tungning Kingdom of Tungning

    The Kingdom of Tungning was the first Han Chinese [i] government to exist on Taiwan [i], between 1661 an ... 

     which rules until 1683.
  • 1663: France takes full political and military control New France

    New France describes the area colonized [i] by France [i] in North America [i] during a period extending ... 

     over its colonial possessions in New France New France

    New France describes the area colonized [i] by France [i] in North America [i] during a period extending ... 

    .
  • 1664: British troops capture New Amsterdam and rename it New York New York City

    [i] in the [[United States]... 

    .
  • 1665: Portugal Portuguese Empire

    The Portuguese Empire was the first Global empire [i] in history and also the earliest and longest lived ... 

     defeats the Kongo Empire Kingdom of Kongo

    The Kingdom of Kongo was an African kingdom located in west central Africa [i] in what are now northern ... 

    .
  • 1666: The Great Fire of London Great Fire of London

    The Great Fire of London was a major conflagration [i] that swept through the City of London [i] from 2- ... 

    .
  • 1667-99: The Great Turkish War halts the Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

    The Ottoman Empire , is also sometimes known in the West [i] as the Turkish Empire. ... 

    's expansion into Europe.

1670s 

  • 1670: The Hudson's Bay Company Hudson's Bay Company

    The Hudson's Bay Company is the oldest commercial corporation [i] in North America [i] and is one of th ... 

     is founded in Canada Canada

    Canada is the world's second-largest [i] country by total area, occupying most ... 

    .
  • 1672-78: Franco-Dutch War
  • 1674: Maratha Empire Maratha Empire

    The Maratha Empirealso known as the Maratha Confederacy, was a Hindu [i] state of India [i] which ... 

     founded in India India

    India , officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia [i]. ... 

     by Shivaji Shivaji

    Shivaji Bhonsl, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhonsl(listen) was the founder of the Maratha empire [i] ... 

    .
  • 1676: Russia and the Ottoman Empire Ottoman Empire

    The Ottoman Empire , is also sometimes known in the West [i] as the Turkish Empire. ... 

     commence the Russo-Turkish Wars.

1680s 

  • 1682: Peter the Great Peter I of Russia

    Peter I the Great . ruled Russia [i] from 7 May [i] 1682 [i] until his death, before 1696 jointly wit ... 

     becomes joint ruler of Russia Russia

    Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country [i] that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia [i] ... 

     .
  • 1682: La Salle explores the length of the Mississippi River Mississippi River

    The Mississippi River, derived from the old Ojibwe [i] word misi-ziibi meaning 'grea ... 

     and claims Louisiana Louisiana

    cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">

... 

 for France.
  • 1683: China China

    China is a cultural region [i] and ancient civilization [i] in East Asia [i]. ... 

     conquers the Kingdom of Tungning Kingdom of Tungning

    The Kingdom of Tungning was the first Han Chinese [i] government to exist on Taiwan [i], between 1661 an ... 

     and annexes Taiwan Taiwan

    Taiwan is an island in East Asia [i], but the term "Taiwan" is also commonly used to collectively refer ... 

    .
  • 1685: Edict of Fontainebleau outlaws Protestantism in France.
  • 1687: Isaac Newton Isaac Newton

    [i] [[[Old Style and New Style dates|OS]] [i]: [[25 December]] [i] [[1642]] [i]... 

     publishes Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica

    The Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica is a three-volume work by Isaac Newton [i] publish ... 

    .
  • 1688-89: After the Glorious Revolution Glorious Revolution

    The Glorious Revolution was the overthrow of James II of England [i] in 1688 [i] by a union of Parliamentarians [i]... 

    , England becomes a constitutional monarchy Constitutional monarchy

    A constitutional monarchy is a form of monarchical [i] government [i] established under a constitution [i] ... 

     and the Dutch Republic Dutch Republic

    he Republic of the Seven United Netherlands was a Europe [i]an republic [i] between 1581 and 1795, in ... 

     goes into decline.
  • 1688-97: The Grand Alliance sought to stop French expansion during the Nine Years War.
  • 1689: Nerchinsk Treaty establishes a border between Russia Russia

    Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country [i] that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia [i] ... 

     and China China

    China is a cultural region [i] and ancient civilization [i] in East Asia [i]. ... 

    .

1690s 

  • 1692: Salem witch trials Salem witch trials

    The Salem Witch Trials, which began in 1692 [i], resulted in a number of convictions and executions for ... 

     in Massachusetts.
  • 1700-21: Russia Russia

    Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country [i] that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia [i] ... 

     supplants Sweden Sweden

    The Kingdom of Sweden is a Nordic country [i] in Scandinavia [i]. ... 

     as the dominant Baltic Baltic region

    The Baltic region is an ambiguous term used to denominate an arbitrary region connected to the Baltic Sea [i] ... 

     power after the Great Northern War Great Northern War

    The Great Northern War was the war fought between a coalition of Russia [i], Denmark-Norway [i] ... 

    .

Significant people

  • Gustavus Adolphus Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden

    Gustav II Adolf , widely known by the Latin [i]ized name Gustavus Adolphus and referred to by Pr ... 

    , King of Sweden Monarch of Sweden

    Sweden [i] is a constitutional monarchy [i] with a representative democracy [i] based on a parliamentary [i] ... 

     .
  • Tokugawa Ieyasu Tokugawa Ieyasu

    Tokugawa Ieyasu ; ?? ?? was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate [i] of Japan [i] whi ... 

  • Francis Bacon Francis Bacon

    Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban, KC [i] was an English [i] philosopher [i], ... 

    , English philosopher and politician .
  • Johann Sebastian Bach Johann Sebastian Bach

    Johann Sebastian Bach was a prolific German [i] composer [i] and organist [i] whose sac ... 

    , genial german composer
  • Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez, spanish painter
  • Pierre Corneille Pierre Corneille

    Pierre Corneille was a French tragedian [i] who was one of the three great 17th Century French ... 

    , French dramatist
  • William Harvey William Harvey

    William Harvey was a medical doctor [i] who is credited with first correctly describing, in exact det... 

    , medical doctor
  • Jean Racine Jean Racine

    [i] [[France]... 

    , French dramatist
  • Molière Molière

    Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, better known as Molire , was a French [i] theatre [i] writer, director [i] ... 

    , French dramatist, actor, director
  • Jean de La Fontaine Jean de La Fontaine

    Jean de La Fontaine was the most famous French [i] fabulist [i] and probably the most widely rea ... 

     French poet
  • Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux  French poet and critic
  • Gian Lorenzo Bernini Gian Lorenzo Bernini

    Gian Lorenzo Bernini was a pre-eminent Baroque [i] sculptor [i] and architect of 17th centur ... 

      Italian artist
  • Jean-Baptiste Lully Jean-Baptiste Lully

    Jean-Baptiste Lully, originally Giovanni Battista Lulli, was an Italian [i]-born French composer [i] ... 

     Italian-born French compsoer
  • André Le Nôtre André Le Nôtre

    [i] from [[1645]... 

     French landscape architect
  • Gabriel Bethlen Gabriel Bethlen

    Gabriel Bethlen was a prince of Transylvania [i], duke of Opole [i] and leader of an anti-Habsburg [i] i ... 

    , Hungarian prince of Transylvania
  • Sir Thomas Browne Thomas Browne

    e Theosophist [i] Madame Blavatsky [i]

... 

, English author, philosopher and scientist .
  • Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra Miguel de Cervantes

    Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra , was a Spanish [i] novelist [i], poet [i] and playwright [i]. ... 

    , Spanish Author
  • Charles I of England Charles I of England

    [i] [[1625]... 

     .
  • Charles II of England Charles II of England

    Charles II was the King of England [i], King of Scots [i], and King of Ireland [i] from 30 January [i] ... 

     .
  • Queen Christina of Sweden Christina of Sweden

    Christina , later known as Maria Christina Alexandra and sometimes Count Dohna, was Queen regent [i] ... 

    , high profile Catholic convert, matron of arts
  • Oliver Cromwell Oliver Cromwell

    Oliver Cromwell was an English [i] military and political leader, best known for making England ... 

    , Lord Protector of England England

    England is the largest and most populous constituent country [i] of the United Kingdom [i]. ... 

    , Scotland Scotland

    Scotland is a nation [i] in northwest Europe [i] and one of the constituent [i] countries [i] ... 

     and Ireland Ireland

    Ireland is the third largest [i] island [i] in Europe [i]. ... 

  • Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector of England England

    England is the largest and most populous constituent country [i] of the United Kingdom [i]. ... 

    , Scotland Scotland

    Scotland is a nation [i] in northwest Europe [i] and one of the constituent [i] countries [i] ... 

     and Ireland Ireland

    Ireland is the third largest [i] island [i] in Europe [i]. ... 

     .
  • René Descartes René Descartes

    Ren Descartes

, also known as Cartesius, was a noted French philosopher [i], mathematician [i]... 

, French philosopher and mathematician
  • John Donne John Donne

    John Donne was a Jacobean [i] poet and preacher, the represen... 

    , English metaphysical poet
  • John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester

    John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester was an English libertine [i], a friend of King Charles II [i] ... 

      English poet
  • Elizabeth I of England Elizabeth I of England

    Elizabeth I was Queen of England [i], Queen of France , and Queen of Ireland [i] ... 

     .
  • Galileo Galilei Galileo Galilei

    Galileo Galilei was an Italian [i] physicist [i], astronomer [i], astrologer [i] and philosopher [i] ... 

    , Italian natural philosopher
  • Andreas Gryphius Andreas Gryphius

    Andreas Gryphius was a German [i] lyric poet and dramatist.

... 

, German poet and dramatist
  • Thomas Hobbes Thomas Hobbes

    Thomas Hobbes was an English [i] philosopher [i], whose famous 1651 book Leviathan [i] ... 

    , English philosopher and mathematician
  • Christiaan Huygens Christiaan Huygens

    Christiaan Huygens , was a Dutch [i] mathematician [i] and physicist [i] ... 

    , Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer
  • Johannes Kepler Johannes Kepler

    Johannes Kepler , a key figure in the scientific revolution [i], was a German [i] mathematician [i] ... 

    , German astronomer
  • Gottfried Leibniz Gottfried Leibniz

    Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was a German [i] polymath [i] who wrote mostly in French and Latin.

... 

, German philosopher and mathematician
  • John Locke John Locke

    John Locke was an influential English [i] philosopher [i].... 

    , English philosopher
  • James I of England James I of England

    James VI of Scotland/James I of England and Ireland was King of England [i] ... 

     .
  • James II of England James II of England

    James VII of Scotland and James II of England became King of Scots [i], King of England [i], and King of Ireland [i] ... 

     .
  • Leopold I Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor

    Leopold I Habsburg [i], Holy Roman emperor [i], was the second son of the emperor Ferdinand III [i] ... 

    , Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor

    The Holy Roman Emperor was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire [i], a predecessor of numerous countries mainl ... 

  • Louis XIV Louis XIV of France

    Louis XIV ruled as King of France [i] and of Navarre [i] from ... 

    , King of France,
  • Mary II of England Mary II of England

    Mary II reigned as Queen of England [i] and Ireland [i] from 13 February [i] 1689 [i], and as Queen of ... 

     .
  • Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh , Irish historian and genealogist.
  • John Milton John Milton

    Milton redirects here, for other uses, see Milton [i]

... 

, English author and poet
  • Miyamoto Musashi Miyamoto Musashi

    , prior to adulthood known simply as Takezo Shinmen, as Miyamoto Bennosuke or Miyamoto Musana... 

    , famous warrior in Japan Japan

    is an island country [i] in East Asia [i]. ... 

    , author of The Book of Five Rings The Book of Five Rings

    The Book of Five Rings is a text on kenjutsu [i] and the martial art [i]s in general, written by Miyamoto Musashi [i]... 

    , a treatise on strategy and martial combat.
  • Isaac Newton Isaac Newton

    [i] [[[Old Style and New Style dates|OS]] [i]: [[25 December]] [i] [[1642]] [i]... 

    , English physicist and mathematician
  • Blaise Pascal Blaise Pascal

    Blaise Pascal was a French [i] mathematician [i], physicist [i], and religious [i] philosopher [i] ... 

    , French theologian, mathematician and physicist
  • Pierre de Fermat Pierre de Fermat

    Pierre de Fermat was a French [i] lawyer [i] at the Parlement [i] of Toulouse [i], southwes ... 

     French lawyer and mathematician 1601 – 1665
  • Samuel Pepys Samuel Pepys

    Samuel Pepys, FRS [i] was an English [i] naval administrator [i] ... 

    , English civil servant and diarist
  • Henry Purcell Henry Purcell

    Henry Purcell , a Baroque composer, is generally considered to be one of England's greatest composersin... 

    , English composer
  • Samarth Ramdas Samarth Ramdas

    Samarth Ramdas is considered one of the greatest Hindu saints of Indian history.... 

    , Hindu Saint
  • Sant Tukaram Tukaram

    Sant Tukaram, respectfully referred to as Shri Tukaram, and colloquially referred to as "Tuka" was a seventeenth century [i] ... 

    , Hindu Saint
  • Anne of Austria Anne of Austria

    [i]

... 

  Queen consort and regent of France
  • Cardinal Richelieu Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu

    Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu, Cardinal-Duc de Richelieu, was a French [i] clergyman [i] ... 

    , French Cardinal, Duke, and politician
  • Cardinal Mazarin Jules Cardinal Mazarin

    Jules Mazarin, born Giulio Raimondo Mazzarino was an accomplished Italian [i] politician who ... 

    , French cardinal and politician of Italian origin
  • Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan

    Franoise-Athnas de Rochechouart-Mortemart, marquise de Montespan was a mistress [i] of Louis XIV of France [i] ... 

      lover of Louis XIV Louis XIV of France

    Louis XIV ruled as King of France [i] and of Navarre [i] from ... 

  • Françoise d'Aubigné, marquise de Maintenon Françoise d'Aubigné, marquise de Maintenon

    Franoise d'Aubign, marquise de Maintenon was the second wife of Louis XIV [i]. ... 

     * Rembrandt van Rijn Rembrandt

    Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn is generally considered one of the greatest painter [i]s in European art history [i]... 

    , Dutch painter
  • William Shakespeare William Shakespeare

    William Shakespeare was an English [i] poet [i] and playwright [i] widely regarded as the great ... 

    , English author and poet
  • Pedro Calderón de la Barca Pedro Calderón de la Barca

    Pedro Caldern de la Barca, was an important dramatist [i] of the Spanish Golden Age [i].

... 

 Spanish dramatist
  • Shivaji Bhonsle Shivaji

    Shivaji Bhonsl, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhonsl(listen) was the founder of the Maratha empire [i] ... 

    , Hindu King, 1st Maratha ruler, established Hindavi Swaraj.
  • Baruch Spinoza Baruch Spinoza

    Benedictus de Spinoza , named Baruch Spinoza by his synagogue elders, and known as Bento de Es... 

    , Dutch philosopher
  • Seathrún Céitinn, Irish historian
  • Jan III Sobieski John III Sobieski

    Jan III Sobieski was one of the most notable monarchs of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth [i], the King of Poland [i]... 

    , King of Poland
  • Imre Thököly, prince of Transylvania, leader of the anti-Habsburg uprising in Hungary Hungary

    Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked [i] country in Central Europe [i], ... 

  • Albrecht von Wallenstein Albrecht von Wallenstein

    Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Wallenstein, September 24 [i], 1583 [i] – February 25 [i], 1634 [i]) ... 

    , German General in the Thirty Years' War Thirty Years' War

    The Thirty Years' War was fought between 1618 [i] and 1648 [i], principally on the territory of today's ... 

    , Catholic
  • William III of England William III of England

    William III of England was a Dutch [i] aristocrat and a Protestant [i] Prince of Orange [i] ... 

     .
  • Abel Janszoon Tasman Abel Tasman

    Abel Janszoon Tasman , was a Dutch [i] seafarer [i], explorer [i] a ... 

     , was a Dutch seafarer and explorer.
  • Michiel de Ruyter Michiel de Ruyter

    Michiel Adriaenszoon de Ruyter was one of the most famous admiral [i]s in Dutch history [i] ... 

     , Dutch admiral
  • Guru Teg Bahadur, , 9th Sikh Guru
  • Peter The Great Peter I of Russia

    Peter I the Great . ruled Russia [i] from 7 May [i] 1682 [i] until his death, before 1696 jointly wit ... 

    , , Russian greatest King

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

List of 17th century inventions

Major changes in philosophy and science take place, often characterized as the Scientific revolution.
  • Calculus Calculus

    Calculus is a central branch of mathematics [i], developed from algebra [i] and geometry [i]. ... 

     is invented and used to formulate classical mechanics Classical mechanics

    Classical mechanics is used to describe the motion of macroscopic objects, from projectiles [i] to parts ... 

    .
  • First measurement of the speed of light Speed of light

    The speed of light in a vacuum [i] is an important physical constant [i] denoted by the letter c for ... 

    , 1676.
  • Banknote Banknote

    A banknote is a kind of negotiable instrument, a promissory note [i] made by a bank [i] payable to beare ... 

    s were reintroduced in Europe.
  • Ice cream Ice cream

    Ice cream is a frozen dessert [i] made from dairy product [i]s such as cream [i] , combined with... 

  • Tea Tea

    Tea is the second most popular beverage [i] in the world . ... 

     and coffee Coffeehouse

    A coffeehouse, coffee shop, or cafe shares some of the characteristics of a bar [i], an ... 

     become popular in Europe.
  • Central Banking Bank

    A bank is a business that provides banking services for profit.... 

     in France and modern Finance Finance

    Finance studies and addresses the ways in which individuals, businesses [i] and organizations raise, all ... 

     by Scottish economist John Law.
  • 1609: Johann Carolas of Germany published the 'Relation', the first newspaper
  • 1610: The Orion Nebula was identified by Nicolas de Peiresc of France
  • c. 1612: The first flintlock musket was likely created for Louis XIII of France by gunsmith Marin de Bourgeoys
  • 1620: Funded by James I James I of England

    James VI of Scotland/James I of England and Ireland was King of England [i] ... 

     of England England

    England is the largest and most populous constituent country [i] of the United Kingdom [i]. ... 

    , Cornelius Drebbei built the first 'submarine Submarine

    A submarine is a specialized watercraft [i] that can operate underwater [i].... 

    ' made of wood and greased leather
  • 1623: The first English dictonary, 'English Dictionarie' was published by Henry Cockeram, listing difficult words with definitions
  • 1642: Mezzotint engraving introduced grey tones to printed images
  • 1643: Evangelista Torricelli of Italy Italy

    Italy, officially the Italian Republic , is a Southern European [i] country. ... 

     invented the mercury Barometer Barometer

    A barometer is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure [i]. ... 

  • 1645: Giacomo Torelli of Venice Venice

    Venice is the capital [i] of the region [i] of Veneto [i] and the province of the same name [i] ... 

    , Italy Italy

    Italy, officially the Italian Republic , is a Southern European [i] country. ... 

     invented the first rotating stage
  • 1657: Christiaan Huygens Christiaan Huygens

    Christiaan Huygens , was a Dutch [i] mathematician [i] and physicist [i] ... 

     developed the first functional pendulum clock Pendulum clock

    A pendulum clock uses a pendulum as its time base.... 

     based on the learnings of Galileo Galilei Galileo Galilei

    Galileo Galilei was an Italian [i] physicist [i], astronomer [i], astrologer [i] and philosopher [i] ... 

  • 1663: The first reflecting telescope Telescope

    The word "telescope" usually refers to optical telescope [i]s, but there are telescopes for most of the ... 

     was built by James Gregory based on suggestions of Italian astronomer Niccolo Zucchi
  • c. 1670: Monk Dom Perignon discovered Champagne in France France

    France, officially the French Republic, is a country [i] whose metropolitan territory [i] ... 

  • 1676: Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Anton van Leeuwenhoek

    Antony

Van Leeuwenhoek's early discoveries in the field of microbiology can be likened to Galileo's [i] ... 

 fist discovered Bacteria Bacteria

Bacteria are a major group of living organism [i]s. ... 


  • 1679: Binary system developed by Gottfried Leibnitz Gottfried Leibniz

    Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was a German [i] polymath [i] who wrote mostly in French and Latin.

... 

, possibly influenced by Shao Yung
  • 1684: Calculus Calculus

    Calculus is a central branch of mathematics [i], developed from algebra [i] and geometry [i]. ... 

     independently developed by both Gottfried Leibnitz Gottfried Leibniz

    Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was a German [i] polymath [i] who wrote mostly in French and Latin.

... 

 and Sir Issac Newton Isaac Newton

[i] [[[Old Style and New Style dates|OS]] [i]: [[25 December]] [i] [[1642]] [i]... 


Decades and years