100 BC

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Events

By place

Rome

• Consul
  Consul
  
  Consul was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Roman Empire. The title was also used in other city states, and revived in modern states, notably French Republic before the Napoleon I of Franceic counter-revolution....
  s: Lucius Valerius Flaccus
  Lucius Valerius Flaccus (princeps senatus 86 BC)
  
  Lucius Valerius Flaccus was a Roman consul of the Roman Republic in 100 BC and princeps senatus during the Roman civil wars#Late Republic....
  , Gaius Marius
  Gaius Marius
  
  Gaius Marius was a Roman Republic general and politician elected consul an unprecedented seven times during his career. He was also noted for his dramatic Marian Reforms of Roman legion, authorizing recruitment of landless citizens and reorganizing the structure of the legions into separate Cohort ....
   (Marius's sixth consulship).
• Manius Aquillius
  Manius Aquillius (101 BC)
  
  Manius Aquillius , member of the ancient Roman Republic gens Aquillia, was consul in 101 BC.Probably a son of Manius Aquillius consul in 129 BC, he was a loyal follower of Gaius Marius....
   celebrates an ovation
  Ovation
  
  The ovation was a less-honored form of the Roman triumph. Ovations were granted, when war was not declared between enemies on the level of states, when an enemy was considered basely inferior , and when the general conflict was resolved with little to no bloodshed or danger to the army itself....
   for victories in the Second Servile War
  Second Servile War
  
  The Second Servile War was an unsuccessful slave uprising against the Roman Republic on the island of Sicily. The war lasted from 104 BC until 100 BC....
  .
• Lucius Appuleius Saturninus
  Lucius Appuleius Saturninus
  
  Lucius Appuleius Saturninus was a Roman Republic demagogue and tribune; he was a political ally of Gaius Marius, and his downfall caused a great deal of political embarrassment for Marius, who recused himself from public life until he returned to take command in the Social War of 91 to 88 BC....
  , a tribune
  Tribune
  
  Tribune was a title shared by 10 elected officials in the Roman Republic. Tribunes had the power to convene the Plebeian Council and to act as its president, which also gave them the exclusive right to propose legislation before it....
  , passes a law to redistribute land to military veterans. The law requires that all senators swear to abide by it. Quintus Caecilus Metellus Numidicus refuses and is exiled. He goes to Rhodes
  Rhodes
  
  Rhodes is a Greece List of islands of Greece approximately southwest of Turkey in eastern Aegean Sea. It is the largest of the Dodecanese islands in terms of both land area and population, with a population of 117,007 of which 53,709 resided in the Rhodes capital city of the island....
   to study philosophy.
• December: Saturninus stands for consul for the following year. A rival candidate, Gaius Memmius
  Gaius Memmius (Tribune)
  
  Gaius Memmius , tribune in 111 BC, attacked the aristocrats on a charge of corrupt relations with Jugurtha. Sallust refers to Memmius as 'vir acer et infestus potentiae nobilitatis' , and states that he gave speeches whipping up the plebs, urging them not to accept the behaviour of the nobles....
  , is found murdered by agents of Saturninus, who is declared a public enemy by the Senate
  Roman Senate
  
  The Senate of the Roman Republic was a political institution in the ancient Roman Republic. According to the Greek historian Polybius, our principal source on the Constitution of the Roman Republic, the Roman Senate was the predominant branch of government....
  . Marius, as consul, defeats his former ally in battle in the Forum
  Roman Forum
  
  The Roman Forum , sometimes known by its original Latin name, is located between the Palatine hill and the Capitoline hill of the city of Rome. It is the central area around which the Ancient Rome developed....
  . Saturninus and his followers surrender on condition that their lives are spared, but they are stoned to death with roof tiles by renegade senators.

Anatolia

• Tigranes II of Armenia is placed on Armenia
  Armenia
  
  Armenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in South Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea....
  n throne by the Parthia
  Parthia
  
  Parthia is a region of north-eastern Iran, best known for having been the political and cultural base of the Arsacid dynasty, after which the Arsacid Empire is then also known as the 'Parthian Empire'....
  ns in exchange for the cession of "seventy valleys". (approximate date)

Judea

• The deuterocanonical books
  Deuterocanonical books
  
  "Deuterocanonical books" is a term used since the sixteenth century in the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Christianity to describe certain books and passages of the Christian Old Testament that are not part of the Jewish Bible....
   of 1
  1 Maccabees
  
  1 Maccabees is a deuterocanonical books book written by a Jewish author after the restoration of an independent Jewish kingdom, probably about 100 BC....
   and 2 Maccabees
  2 Maccabees
  
  2 Maccabees is a deuterocanonical books book of the Bible which focuses on the Jews' revolt against Antiochus IV Epiphanes and concludes with the defeat of the Syrian general Nicanor in 161 BC by Judas Maccabeus, the hero of the work....
   were written.

Middle East

• Elephant
  Elephant
  
  Elephants are large land mammals of the order Proboscidea and the family Elephantidae. There are three living species: the African Bush Elephant, the African Forest Elephant and the Asian Elephant ....
  s became extinct from Middle East
  Middle East
  
  File:GreaterMiddleEast1.pngThe Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East....
   by this date.

Asia

• Peasant revolts under Emperor Wu of Han
  Emperor Wu of Han
  
  Emperor Wu of Han , , personal name Liu Che , was the seventh emperor of China of the Han Dynasty in modern day mainland China, ruling from 141 BC to 87 BC....
  .
• Gandhara
  Gandhara
  
  Gandhara is the name of an ancient kingdom , located in northern Pakistan, Jammu and Kashmir and eastern Afghanistan. Gandhara was located mainly in the vale of Peshawar, the Potohar plateau and on the Kabul River....
   and Punjab
  Punjab region
  
  Punjab , also Panjab , is a region straddling the border between India and Pakistan. The "Five Rivers" are Beas River, Ravi River, Sutlej, Chenab and Jhelum River; all these are tributaries of the Indus river, Jhelum being the biggest one....
   ruled by the Indo-Greek
  Indo-Greek Kingdom
  
  The Indo-Greek Kingdom covered various parts of the northwest and northern Indian subcontinent during the last two centuries BC, and was ruled by more than 30 Hellenistic civilization kings, often in conflict with each other....
   king Demetrios III
  Demetrios III
  
  Demetrius III Aniketos "The Invincible" is here identified with an Indo-Greek king who reigned in the area of Gandhara and Punjab region....
  .
• History of China is written by Sima Qian
  Sima Qian
  
  Sima Qian was a Prefect of the Grand Scribes of the Han Dynasty. He is regarded as the father of Chinese historiography because of his highly praised work, Records of the Grand Historian , an overview of the history of China covering more than two thousand years from the Yellow Emperor to Emperor Wu of Han China ....
   (approximate date).

Americas

• Mural room in the Maya pyramid at San Bartolo, Guatemala
  Guatemala
  
  Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize and the Caribbean to the northeast, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast....
  , painted.

Births

• July 12 — Julius Caesar
  Julius Caesar
  
  'Gaius Julius Caesar' , July 13, 100 BC ? March 15, 44 BC,) was a Roman Republic military and political leader. He played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....
  , Roman general and politician (or 102 BC) (d. 44 BC)
• Titus Labienus
  Titus Labienus
  
  Titus Labienus was a professional Ancient Rome soldier in the late Roman Republic. He served as Tribune of the Plebs in 63 BC, and is remembered as one of Julius Caesar's lieutenants, mentioned frequently in the accounts of his military campaigns....
  , Caesar's chief lieutenant in the conquest of Gaul
  Gaul
  
  Gaul is the name used for the region of Western Europe comprising part of present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the River Rhine....
   (d. 45 BC)

Deaths

• Cornelia Africana
  Cornelia Africana
  
  Cornelia Scipionis Africana was the second daughter of Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, the hero of the Second Punic War, and Aemilia Paulla....
  , widow of Tiberius Gracchus
  Tiberius Gracchus
  
  Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus was a Ancient Rome politician of the 2nd century BC and brother of Gaius Gracchus. As a tribune, he caused political turmoil in the Roman Republic by his attempts to legislate agrarian reforms....
   (b. c. 190 BC)
• Lucius Appuleius Saturninus
  Lucius Appuleius Saturninus
  
  Lucius Appuleius Saturninus was a Roman Republic demagogue and tribune; he was a political ally of Gaius Marius, and his downfall caused a great deal of political embarrassment for Marius, who recused himself from public life until he returned to take command in the Social War of 91 to 88 BC....
  , Roman politician
• Theodosius of Bithynia
  Theodosius of Bithynia
  
  Theodosius of Bithynia was a Greek people astronomer and mathematician who wrote the Sphaerics, a book on the geometry of the sphere. Born in Tripolis , in Bithynia, Theodosius is cited by Vitruvius as having invented a sundial suitable for any place on Earth....
  , Greek astronomer and mathematician (b. c. 160 BC)