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or is a letter derived from the Latin alphabet
Latin alphabet

The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. It evolved from the western variety of the Greek alphabet called the Cumae alphabet, and was initially developed by the Ancient Romes to write the Latin....
. Both glyphs of the majuscule and minuscule forms of this letter are based on the rotated form of a minuscule e
E

E is the fifth letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English language is spelled e , plural ees . The letter E is the most commonly used letter in the Czech language, Danish language, Dutch language, English language, French language, German language, Hungarian language, Latin language, Norwegian language, Spanish language...
; a similar letter with identical minuscule is used in the Pan-Nigerian Alphabet
Pan-Nigerian alphabet

The Pan-Nigerian Alphabet is a set of 33 Latin letters standardized by the National Language Centre of Nigeria in the 1980s. It is intended to be sufficient to write all the languages of Nigeria without using digraphs....
, but has the capital form majuscule , based on a horizontally flipped (or rotated) majuscule E.

The majuscule is encoded in Unicode
Unicode

Unicode is a computing industry standard allowing computers to consistently represent and manipulate Character expressed in most of the world's writing systems....
 as U+018F while the minuscule as U+0259. The Nigerian majuscule is encoded as U+018E and the Nigerian minuscule as U+01DD.

The letter was used in the Uniform Turkic Alphabet
Uniform Turkic Alphabet

The Uniform Turkic Alphabet was a Latin alphabet used by non-Slavic peoples of the USSR in the 1930s. The alphabet used ligatures from Ja?alif as it was also a part of the uniform alphabet....
, for example, in Janalif for the Tatar language
Tatar language

The Tatar language is a Turkic languages language spoken by the Tatars....
 in the 1920s-1930s.

In the Latin Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani language

Azerbaijani is a language belonging to the Turkic languages language family, spoken in southwestern Asia, primarily in Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran....
 and Chechen
Chechen language

The Chechen language is spoken by more than 1.3 million people, mostly in Chechnya and by Chechen people elsewhere....
 alphabets, represents the near-open front unrounded vowel
Near-open front unrounded vowel

The near-open front unrounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some Speech communication languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is ...
, .






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or is a letter derived from the Latin alphabet
Latin alphabet

The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. It evolved from the western variety of the Greek alphabet called the Cumae alphabet, and was initially developed by the Ancient Romes to write the Latin....
. Both glyphs of the majuscule and minuscule forms of this letter are based on the rotated form of a minuscule e
E

E is the fifth letter in the Latin alphabet. Its name in English language is spelled e , plural ees . The letter E is the most commonly used letter in the Czech language, Danish language, Dutch language, English language, French language, German language, Hungarian language, Latin language, Norwegian language, Spanish language...
; a similar letter with identical minuscule is used in the Pan-Nigerian Alphabet
Pan-Nigerian alphabet

The Pan-Nigerian Alphabet is a set of 33 Latin letters standardized by the National Language Centre of Nigeria in the 1980s. It is intended to be sufficient to write all the languages of Nigeria without using digraphs....
, but has the capital form majuscule , based on a horizontally flipped (or rotated) majuscule E.

The majuscule is encoded in Unicode
Unicode

Unicode is a computing industry standard allowing computers to consistently represent and manipulate Character expressed in most of the world's writing systems....
 as U+018F while the minuscule as U+0259. The Nigerian majuscule is encoded as U+018E and the Nigerian minuscule as U+01DD.

The letter was used in the Uniform Turkic Alphabet
Uniform Turkic Alphabet

The Uniform Turkic Alphabet was a Latin alphabet used by non-Slavic peoples of the USSR in the 1930s. The alphabet used ligatures from Ja?alif as it was also a part of the uniform alphabet....
, for example, in Janalif for the Tatar language
Tatar language

The Tatar language is a Turkic languages language spoken by the Tatars....
 in the 1920s-1930s.

In the Latin Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani language

Azerbaijani is a language belonging to the Turkic languages language family, spoken in southwestern Asia, primarily in Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran....
 and Chechen
Chechen language

The Chechen language is spoken by more than 1.3 million people, mostly in Chechnya and by Chechen people elsewhere....
 alphabets, represents the near-open front unrounded vowel
Near-open front unrounded vowel

The near-open front unrounded vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some Speech communication languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is ...
, . In the International Phonetic Alphabet
International Phonetic Alphabet

The International Phonetic Alphabet "The acronym 'IPA' strictly refers [...] to the 'International Phonetic Association'. But it is now such a common practice to use the acronym also to refer to the alphabet itself that resistance seems pedantic....
, minuscule is used to represent the mid central vowel
Mid central vowel

The mid central vowel is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is @....
 (see schwa
Schwa

In linguistics, specifically phonetics and phonology, schwa can mean the following:*An stress and tone neutral vowel sound in any language, often but not necessarily a mid-central vowel....
).

When using , the Azerbaijani language has problems with the Turkish encoding, so sometimes ä
Æ

? is a grapheme formed from the letters a and e. Originally a ligature representing a Latin diphthong, it has been promoted to the full status of a letter in the alphabets of many languages....
 has been used instead, as in the Tatar language
Tatar language

The Tatar language is a Turkic languages language spoken by the Tatars....
 and Turkmen language
Turkmen language

Turkmen is the name of the national language of Turkmenistan. It is spoken by approximately 3,430,000 people in Turkmenistan, and by an additional approximately 6,000,000 people in other countries, including Iran , Iraq , Syria , Afghanistan , and Turkey ....
.

In the Latin transliteration of Avestan, the corresponding long vowel is written as schwa-macron, .

See also

  • Schwa
    Schwa

    In linguistics, specifically phonetics and phonology, schwa can mean the following:*An stress and tone neutral vowel sound in any language, often but not necessarily a mid-central vowel....
  • Schwa (Cyrillic)
    Schwa (Cyrillic)

    Schwa is a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet. It is currently used in Abkhaz language, Bashkir language, Dungan language, Kalmyk language, Kazakh language, Kurdish language and Tatar language....
  • Existential quantification
    Existential quantification

    In predicate logic, an existential quantification is the predication of a property or relation to at least one member of the domain. In laymen's terms, it simply refers to something....
     uses the ? symbol