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350 Foundation of Kiev, the capital of the Goth empire in Russia.
650 Khazars conquer Great Bulgarian Empire in southern Russia
859 The Russian city of Novgorod first mentioned in the chronicles.
1110 The Russian Primary Chronicle ends
1221 Nizhny Novgorod City (Russia) was founded.
1237 The Mongols invade Russia.
1238 Battle of the Sit River was fought in the northern part of the present-day Yaroslavl Oblast of Russia between the Mongol Hordes of Batu Khan and the Russians under George II of Vladimir-Suzdal (also known as Yuri II) during the Mongol invasion of Russia.
1238 Battle of the Sit River was fought in the northern part of the present-day Yaroslavl Oblast of Russia between the Mongol Hordes of Batu Khan and the Russians under George II of Vladimir-Suzdal (also known as Yuri II) during the Mongol invasion of Russia.
1242 During a battle on the ice of Lake Peipus, Russian forces, led by Alexander Nevsky, rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights.
1323 The Treaty of Nöteborg between Sweden and Novgorod (Russia) is signed, regulating the border for the first time
1326 Treaty of Novgorod delineates the border between Russia and Norway in Finnmark.
1375 The Russian town of Kostroma is destroyed by Novgorod's ushkuiniks.
1380 Battle of Kulikovo - Russian forces under Grand Prince Dmitri Ivanovich of Moscow defeat a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols (the Golden Horde), stopping their advance at Kulikovo.
1482 Ivan III renounces the Mongol Khanate rule over Russia
1495 Russia invades Sweden through Karelia, but the Russian troops are beaten back at Vyborg.
1514 Battle of Orsha - In one of the biggest battles of the century, Belarusians and Poles defeat the Russian army.
1533 Russia, Ivan IV succeeds his father Vasili III as Grand Prince of Muscovy at 3 years old.
1547 Grand Duke Ivan IV of Muscovy becomes the first Tsar of Russia.
1551 Russia Reforming Synod of the Metropolitan Makary: introduction of a calendar of the saints and an ecclesiastical law code. (''Stoglav'')
1553 '''Russia''', Opening of the maritime way of the White sea by the English captain Chancellor, beginning of the trade with England.
1555 Russia breaks 60 year old truce with Sweden by attacking Finland.
1558 City of Tartu, capital of the Bishopric of Dorpat, now in Estonia, surrenders to Russia.
1565 '''Russia''', beginning of the Opritchtina.
1580 Yermak entered Siberia with a band of 1636 men. Russia begins the conquest of Siberia.
1581 Russia begins the conquest of Siberia
1582 Russia cedes Livonia and Estonia to Poland.
1584 Archangelsk is founded in northern Russia.
1584 Feodor I succeeds his father Ivan IV as Tsar of Russia
1588 Russia, regency of Boris Godunov
1591 '''Russia''', Murder of Dimitri, son of the Tsar.
1591 '''Russia''', Boris Godunov is elected Tsar.
1598 Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I.
1601 Bad harvest in Russia due to rainy summer
1610 Poland captures Moscow, just to lose it again to Russian and Swedish troops.
1613 An Assembly of the Russian Empire elects Mikhail Romanov to be Tsar of Russia, and establishes the Romanov Dynasty.
1617 Peace is reached between Russia and Sweden with the Treaty of Stolbovo, ending the Ingrian War. Sweden gains Ingermanland and Karelia.
1632 Yakutsk in Russia founded.
1645 Alexei Mikhailovich, Tsar of Russia came to the throne.
1654 The Russian Army seizes Smolensk, and Thirteen Years War starts between Russia and Poland over Ukraine
1667 Poland cedes Kiev, Smolensk, and eastern Ukraine to Russia in the Treaty of Andrusovo that put a final end to the Russo-Polish War (1654-1667) and Poland's status as a Central European power.
1676 Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia
1686 Russia, Saxony, Brandenburg and Bavaria join the Holy League against the Ottoman Turkish Empire.
1689 China and Russia signed the Treaty of Nerchinsk.
1695 Russia declares war on Turkey
1696 Peter the Great becomes sole tsar of Russia.
1700 The Great Northern War begins with Russia, Denmark and Saxony/Poland making a coordinated attack on Sweden (to 1721).
1700 Russia accepts Julian calendar.
1703 Founding of St Petersburg in Russia.
1724 Treaty of Constantinople signed. Partitioned Persia between the Ottoman Empire and Russia
1725 Catherine I became empress of Russia.
1725 The Order of Alexander Nevsky was instituted in Russia by an empress Catherine I.
1734 The War of the Polish Succession: Russian troops take Gdansk (German:Danzig) which had been besieged since October 1733. Gdansk is captured after the failure of a French expedition to relieve the city.
1736 A fire in the Russian city of St. Petersburg burns 2000 houses.
1762 The Treaty of Saint Petersburg ends the war between Russia and Prussia.
1770 Russo-Turkish War, 1768-1774: Russian commander Pyotr Rumyantsev routs 150,000 Turks in the Battle of Kagul.
1772 First partition of Poland, by Russia and Prussia, later including Austria
1779 War of Bavarian Succession: Russian and French mediators at the Congress of Teschen negotiate an end to the war. In the agreement Austria receives a part of its territory that was taken from them (the Innviertel).
1780 League of Armed Neutrality alliance formed between Denmark, Sweden, and Russia.
1784 the Turks agree to Russia's annexation of the Crimea in the Treaty of Constantinople
1790 Russo-Swedish War: Second Battle of Svensksund - In the Baltic Sea, the Swedish navy captures one third of the Russian fleet.
1792 Treaty of Jassy ends Russian war with Ottoman Empire over Crimea.
1792 Russia invades Poland: War in defence of the constitution.
1793 Russia and Prussia partition Poland
1796 Persian Expedition of 1796: Russian troops storm Derbent.
1799 British and Russian expedition to the Batavian Republic (now the Netherlands).
1801 The Russian Tsar Paul I is murdered. He is succeeded by his son Alexander I of Russia.
1806 The last major Prussian field force, under Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, surrenders to the French near Lübeck. The king of Prussia has by this time fled to Russia.
1806 Battle of Pultusk: Russian forces under General Bennigsen narrowly escape from a direct confrontation with Napoleon, who goes into winter quarters.
1807 Napoleon attacks Russia.
1807 Napoléon's French Empire begin fighting against Russian and Prussian forces of the Fourth Coalition at the Battle of Eylau in Eylau, Poland.
1807 Battle of Eylau - Napoleon fights a hard, but inconclusive battle against the Russians under Bennigsen.
1807 Battle of Friedland: Napoleon decisively defeats Bennigsen's Russian army.
1808 The fortress of Sveaborg is lost by Sweden to Russia, during the Finnish War.
1808 Russia issues an ultimatum to Sweden, to join France, Denmark and Russia and attacks Finland.
1808 Russian troops cross border to Finland without declaration of war - the Finnish War begins
1808 Swedish troops evacuate Finland. Tsar Alexander I of Russia proclaims Finland a part of Russia.
1809 Peace of Hamina - Peace between Russia and Sweden in the Finnish War. The territory to become the Grand Duchy of Finland is ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn.
1810 Russia acquires Sukhumi through a treaty with Abkhazian dukes, and declares a protectorate over the whole of Abkhazia.
1812 Russia establishes a fur trading colony at Fort Ross, California.
1812 Napoleon's Grande Armée crosses the Niemen river and invades Russia (see Patriotic War of 1812).
1812 Napoleonic Wars - Battle of Maloyaroslavets - an indecisive encounter between the French vanguard and a Russian force leads Napoleon to decide to retreat along the same line as his advance, with disastrous results.
1813 Russian troops reach and take Berlin without a fight after the French garrison evacuated the city.
1815 Austria, Prussia and Russia sign a Holy Alliance to uphold the European status quo.
1815 Austria, Britain, and Bourbon-restored France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Prussia and Russia.
1824 Frontier treaty between United States and Russia is signed.
1825 Decembrist Revolt in Russia.
1827 Greek War of Independence: Treaty of London between France, Britain, and Russia, to demand that the Turks agree to an armistice in Greece.
1828 Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829: Varna is taken by the Russian army.
1829 Greece receives autonomy from the Ottoman Empire. This effectively ends the Greek War of Independence. Greece continues to seek full independence through diplomatic negotiations with the Empire as well as with Russia, France and Britain.
1830 Greece gains full independence from the Ottoman Empire as the final result of the Greek War of Independence. Negotiations for the borders between the two states continue until 1832, under the supervision of Russia, France and Britain.
1831 Battle of Grochow. Polish rebel forces divide a Russian army.
1840 Austria, Britain, Prussia, and Russia sign a London Treaty with the Sublime Porte, ruler of the Ottoman Empire.
1849 Hungary declares independence - Austria crushes the rebellion with Russian aid.
1849 A Russian court sentences Fyodor Dostoevsky to death for anti-government activities linked to a radical intellectual group, but his execution is canceled at the last minute
1853 Crimean War: The Ottoman Empire declares war on Russia.
1853 Crimean War: Battle of Sinop - The Russian fleet destroys the Turkish fleet.
1854 A Russian fort is established at the present site of Almaty.
1854 Britain sends Russia an ultimatum to withdraw from two Ottoman provinces it had conquered, Moldavia and Wallachia.
1854 United Kingdom declares war on Russia - Crimean War begins.
1854 France declares war on Russia.
1854 In the battle at Bomarsund in Ĺland, Royal Navy mate Charles D. Lucas throws a live Russian artillery shell overboard by hand before it explodes - the incident is the first that will be retroactively awarded the Victoria Cross in 1857.
1857 Russian serfs emancipated.
1860 Vladivostok, Russia is founded.
1861 Serfdom is abolished in Russia.
1861 A crowd in Warsaw protesting Russian rule over Poland is fired upon by Russian troops killing five protesters.
1875 Treaty of Saint Petersburg is signed between Japan and Russia.
1877 War between Russia and the Ottoman Empire (Russo-Turkish War), leading to the formation of Bulgaria in 1878. See Russian Foreign Affairs after the Crimean War.
1877 Russo-Turkish War, 1877–1878: Russia declares war on Ottoman Empire.
1879 Russia and the United Kingdom sign the Treaty of Gandamak establishing an Afghan state.
1880 First successful test of an electric Tram in the world takes place in St. Petersburg, Russia.
1887 The Reinsurance Treaty is closed between Germany and Russia.
1891 Famine in Russia
1891 France and Russia conclude defensive allian
1892 Sergei Witte replaces Ivan Vyshnegradsky as Russian finance minister.
1894 Russian Tsar Alexander III dies and is succeeded by his son Nicholas II.
1900 Russia responds to international pressure to free Finland by tightening imperial control over the country.
1900 Russia invades Manchuria
1904 Russo-Japanese War: Russian troops in Korea retreat toward Manchuria followed by 100,000 Japanese troops.
1904 Russian Baltic Fleet fires on British trawlers it mistakes for Japanese torpedo boats in the North Sea, in what would be known as the Dogger Bank incident.
1905 Russo-Japanese War: The Russian Army surrenders at Port Arthur, China; an event which shocked the world.
1905 Massacre of Russian demonstrators at the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg, one of the triggers of the abortive Russian Revolution of 1905.
1905 Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden, Manchuria after losing 100,000 troops in 3 days.
1905 Russo-Japanese War: Treaty of Portsmouth signed - In New Hampshire a treaty mediated by US President Theodore Roosevelt, is signed by victor Japan and defeated party Russia. In the agreement, Russia cedes the island of Sakhalin and port and rail rights in Manchuria to Japan.
1905 Tsar Nicholas II is forced to grant Russia's first constitution, conceding a national assembly (Duma) with limited powers.
1906 the Fundamental Laws are announced at the first state Duma in Tzarist Russia.
1907 The new Duma is opened in St. Petersburg, Russia and 40,000 demonstrators had to be dispersed by Russian troops.
1913 Outpouring of monarchist sentiment in Russia when the House of Romanov celebrate the 300th anniversary of their succession to the throne
1914 Germany declares war on Russia, following Russia's military mobilization in support of Serbia.
1914 London Agreement - no member of Triple Entente (Britain, France, or Russia) may seek a separate peace with Central Powers.
1914 World War I: Ottoman warships shell Russian Black Sea ports: Russia, France, and Britain declare war on November 1-5.
1915 World War I: Germany uses poison gas against Russians.
1915 Britain, France and Russia agree to give Constantinople and the Bosporus to Russia in case of victory (the treaty is later nullified by the Bolshevik revolution)
1917 October Revolution begins: The workers of St. Petersburg in Russia, led by the Bolsheviks and the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin, attacked the ineffective Kerensky Provisional Government (Russia was still using the Julian Calendar at the time, so period references show an October 25 date). The Soviets of Workers, Farmers and Soldiers took control of the economy and the administration of a country for the first time in history.
1917 Finland takes a step towards full sovereignty recognizing the personal union with Russia finished after the Tsar being dethroned.
1919 September 27 — Last British troops leave Archangel, Russia and leave fighting to the Russians
1921 Russian sailors rebel in Kronstadt - On
1943 World War II: In Russia, the Battle of Stalingrad comes to an end with the surrender of the German 6th Army.
1943 World War II: Rostov-na-Donu, Russia is liberated.
1980 Fifty people are killed at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia, when a Vostok-2M rocket explodes on its launch pad during a fueling operation.
1989 Kamchatka opened to Russian civilian visitors
1989 Ufa train disaster: A natural gas explosion near Ufa, Russia kills 645 as 2 trains passing each other throw sparks near a leaky pipeline.
1990 The parliament of the Russian Federation formally declares its sovereignty.
1990 Russian Garry Kasparov holds his title by winning the World Chess Championship match against his countryman Anatoly Karpov.
1991 Boris Yeltsin is elected President of Russia, the largest and most populous of the fifteen Soviet republics.
1991 Boris Yeltsin begins his 5-year term as the first elected president of Russia.
1991 The name ''Saint Petersburg'' is restored to Russia's second-largest city, which had been renamed ''Leningrad'' in 1924.
1991 In Russia, the KGB is replaced by the SVR.
1991 Leaders of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine meet and sign an agreement ending the Soviet Union and establishing the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), in the Belovezhskaya Pushcha Nature Reserve in Belarus.
1992 Boris Yeltsin announces that Russia will stop targeting United States cities with nuclear weapons.
1992 Russian leaders in Crimea declare their separation from Ukraine as a new republi They withdraw the secession on May 10.
1992 A 'Joint Understanding' agreement on arms reduction is signed by U.S. President George H.W. Bush and Russian President Boris Yeltsin (this is later codified in START II).
1992 In Russia, Andrei Chikatilo is found guilty of 52 serial murders.
1993 A nuclear accident occurs at Tomsk 7 in Russia.
1993 Second October Revolution in Russia.
1994 U.S. President Bill Clinton and Russian President Boris Yeltsin sign the Kremlin Accords, which stop the preprogrammed aiming of nuclear missiles toward each country's targets, and also provide for the dismantling of the nuclear arsenal in Ukraine.
1994 Cold War: Russia and the People's Republic of China agree to de-target their nuclear weapons against each other.
1995 Summer - Iraq disarmament crisis: According to UNSCOM, the unity of the UN Security Council begins to fray, as a few countries, particularly France and Russia, are starting to become increasingly more interested in making financial deals with Iraq than disarming the country.
1995 In Moscow, Russian anti-corruption journalist Vladislav Listyev is killed by a gunman.
1995 Astronaut Norman Thagard becomes the first American to ride into space aboard a Russian launch vehicle (the Soyuz TM-21),lifting off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
1995 Neftegorsk, Russia is hit by a 7.6 magnitude earthquake, killing at least 2000 people (2/3rd of the town's population).
1995 U.S. astronaut Norman Thagard breaks NASA's space endurance record of 14 days, one hour and 16 minutes, aboard the Russian space station Mir.
1995 STS-71: The Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'' docks with the Russian Mir space station for the first time.
1995 Iraq disarmament crisis: With help from Israel and Jordan, UN inspector Ritter intercepts 240 Russian gyroscopes and accelerometers on their way to Iraq from Russia.
1995 Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraqi scuba divers, under the direction of UNSCOM, dredge the Tigris River near Baghdad. The divers find over 200 prohibited Russian made missile instruments and components.
1996 The International Monetary Fund approves a $10.2 billion loan to Russia for economic reform.
1996 First Chechnya War: Russian President Boris Yeltsin meets with Chechnyan rebels for the first time and negotiates a cease-fire in the war.
1997 A large fire occurred in the Russian Space station, Mir.
1997 The tail of a Russian An-24 charter plane breaks off while en-route to Turkey, causing the plane to crash, killing all 50 on board, and resulting in the grounding of all An-24s.
1997 An unmanned Progress spacecraft collides with the Russian Space station, Mir.
1997 In Ottawa, Canada, representatives from 121 countries sign a treaty prohibiting the manufacture and deployment of anti-personnel landmines. The United States, the People's Republic of China, and Russia do not sign the treaty, however.
1998 Russia begins to circulate new rubles to stem inflation and promote confiden
1998 Japan launches a probe to Mars, joining the United States and Russia as a space-exploring nation.
1998 Galina Starovoitova, Russian legislator and democracy advocate, is assassinated in St Petersburg, Russia.
1998 Galina Starovoitova, Russian legislator and democracy advocate, is assassinated in St Petersburg, Russia.
1998 Iraq disarmament crisis: UN Security Council members France, Germany and Russia call for sanctions to end against Iraq. The 3 Security Council members also call for UNSCOM to either be disbanded or for its role to be recast. The U.S. says it will veto any such proposal
1999 Hundreds of Chechen guerrillas invade the Russian republic of Dagestan, triggering a short war.
1999 Russian President Boris Yeltsin fires his Prime Minister, Sergei Stepashin, and for the fourth time fires his entire cabinet.
2000 Presidential elections in Russia: Vladimir Putin is elected President.
2001 FBI agent Robert Hanssen is arrested and charged with spying for Russia for 15 years.
2001 The People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation sign the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation.
2002 In Kaspiysk, Russia, a remote-control bomb explodes during a holiday parade, killing 43 and injuring at least 130.
2003 A female suicide bomber detonates a bomb near a bus carrying soldiers and civilians to a military airfield in Mozdok, a major staging point for Russian troops in Chechnya, killing at least 16 people.
2003 A suicide bomber rams a truck filled with explosives into a military hospital near Chechnya, killing 50 people, including Russian troops wounded in Chechnya.
2003 A suicide bombing on a commuter train in southern Russia kills 44 people. President Vladimir Putin condemns the attack as a bid to destabilize the country 2 days before parliamentary elections.
2003 Parliamentary elections are held in Russia.
2004 Two airliners in Russia, carrying a total of 89 passengers, crash within minutes of each other after flying out of Domodedovo International Airport, leaving no survivors. Authorities suspect suicide attacks by rebels from Chechnya to be the cause of the crashes.
2004 A woman commits a suicide attack near a subway station in northern Moscow, Russia, killing at least 10 people and injuring at least 50. Authorities hold Chechen rebels responsible.
2004 Chechen terrorists take between 1,000 and 1,500 people hostage, mostly children, in a school in Beslan, Northern Ossetia. The hostage-takers demand the release of Chechen terrorists imprisoned in neighbouring Ingushetia and the independence of Chechnya from Russia.
2004 Russian forces end the siege at a school in Beslan, Northern Ossetia. At least 335 people (among which are 32 of the approximately 40 hostage-takers) are killed and at least 700 people injured.
2005 A Volna booster rocket carrying the first light sail spacecraft (a joint Russian-United States project) fails 83 seconds after its launch, destroying the spacecraft.
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