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550 BC Cyrus I of Anshan overthrows Astyages of the Medes, establishing the Persian Empire.
547 BC Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys.
522 BC Babylon rebels against Persian rule.
521 BC The Babylonian rebellion against Persian rule is suppressed.
516 BC Indian subcontinent - Occupation of Punjab is completed by the Persian King Gustasp.
501 BC Naxos is attacked by the Persian Empire.
424 BC King Artaxerxes I of Persia is last mentioned alive in inscription. Three of his sons soon rival each other for the throne as Xerxes II, Sogdianus and Darius II of Persia, with Darius II ultimately successful.
226 Ardashir I is crowned "King of Kings" of Persia (Iran), beginning the 400 year-reign of the Sassanid Empire.
228 Shah Artashir I, four years after establishing the Sassanid Persian Empire, completes his conquest of Parthia.
241 Shapur I of Persia succeeds Ardashir I as king of Persia.
320 The Huns appear in Persia.
441 Persia fights a short war with the Eastern Empire.
562 Peace treaty between the Byzantine and the Persian empires.
591 Persian usurper Bahram VI is defeated by Khosrau II. Bistam then claims the throne.
614 The Persian Empire under general Shahrbaraz captures and sacks Jerusalem; the Church of the Holy Sepulchre is damaged by fire and the True Cross is captured.
629 Jerusalem reconquered by Byzantine Empire from the Persian Empire (September).
650 Arab conquest of Persia completed.
933 Shiragi Arabs from Persia settle on the Comoros.
1469 Uzun Hassan wins in Persia and defeats Abu Said
1847 Ottoman Empire cedes Abadan Island to the Persian Empire.
1850 The Báb, founder of the Bábí Faith, is executed by firing squad in Tabriz, Persia
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