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1538 Bogotá, Colombia, founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
1550 January 6 Spanish Captain Hernando de Santana founds the city of Valledupar in what is now colombian territory.
1810 Colombia declares independence from Spain.
1810 City of Santa Cruz de Mompox, in modern-day Colombia, declares independence from the Spanish Empire.
1819 Simón Bolívar is victorious in the Battle of Boyacá in Colombia
1821 The Republic of Gran Colombia (a federation covering much of presentday Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador) was established, with Simón Bolívar as the founding President and Francisco de Paula Santander as vice president.
1860 In New Granada (modern-day Colombia) southern state of Cauca secedes from the central government in protest of the suggestion of increase of presidential powers. Magdalena and Bolivar join it
1903 With the encouragement of the United States, Panama proclaims itself independent from Colombia.
1916 Humberto Gómez and his mercenaries seize Arauca in Colombia and declare ''Republic of Arauca''. He proceeds to pillage the region before fleeing to Venezuela
1946 Porfirio Barba-Jacob's ashes go back to Colombia.
1948 Civil war in Colombia
1948 Jorge Eliécer Gaitán's assassination provokes a violent riot in Bogotá (the ''Bogotazo''), and a further ten years of violence in all of Colombia (''La violencia'').
1970 A landslide in western Colombia leaves 200 dead.
1972 Colombian looters find Ciudad Perdida but keep it a secret until government reveals it 1975.
1975 Government of Colombia announces finding of Ciudad Perdida
1980 M-19 guerrillas begin the Dominican embassy siege in Colombia, holding 60 people hostage, including 14 ambassadors.
1981 Colombian guerillas execute U.S. Bible translator Chester Allen Bitterman for being a CIA agent.
1985 The volcano Nevado del Ruiz erupts in Colombia, killing an estimated 23,000 people.
1988 A Colombian Boeing 727 jetliner, Avianca Flight 410, crashes into the side of the mountains near the Venezuelan border killing 143.
1989 Leading presidential hopeful Luis Carlos Galán is assassinated near Bogotá in Colombia.
1989 Drug baron Jose Gonzalo Rodriquez Gacha is killed by Colombian poli
1991 A total Solar Eclipse is seen in(Hawaii, Mexico, Central America, Colombia and Brazil).
1992 A Miami jury convicts former Panamanian ruler Manuel Noriega of assisting Colombia's cocaine cartel.
1992 Near Medellín, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison, fearing extradition to the United States.
1993 War on Drugs:: Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar is gunned down in Medellín when the police try to arrest him.
1994 Assassination of Colombian soccer player Andrés Escobar in Bogotá.
1996 War on Drugs: Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARC) attack a military base in Guaviare, Colombia, starting 3 weeks of guerrilla warfare that will claim the lives of at least 130 Colombians.
1996 War on Drugs: Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARC) attack a military base in Guaviare, Colombia, starting 3 weeks of guerrilla warfare that will claim the lives of at least 130 Colombians.
1996 War on Drugs: Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARC) attack a military base in Guaviare, Colombia, starting 3 weeks of guerrilla warfare that will claim the lives of at least 130 Colombians.
1999 A 6.0 Richter scale earthquake hits western Colombia, killing at least 1,000.
1999 The government of Colombia announces it will include the estimated value of the country's illegal drug crops, exceeding half a billion US dollars, in its gross national product.
2002 FARC kidnaps Ingrid Betancourt in Colombia while she campaigns for the presidency.
2002 Colombia holds legislative elections.
2003 The ELN kidnaps 8 foreign tourists in the Ciudad Perdida in Colombia; they demand a human rights investigation and release the last hostages 3 months later.
2004 The Colombian government extradites Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela, one of the most powerful drug dealers in the world, arrested in 1995 and 2003, to the United States.
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