Astronomy Almanac >
 Home         
 Images         
 Questions         
 Almanac         
 Our Universe         
   Planets  
   Moons  
   Constellations  
   Stars  
   Messier Objects  
Galaxies  
   Nebulae  
 History         
   Timelines  
   Astronomers  
   Glossary         
Almanac > Planets

Venus

Venus is one of the 8 planets of our solar system. It is the second closest planet to the Sun and the closest planet to Earth.
 

 



Venus

 
 
Fact Sheet

Mass

  4.87×1024 kg

  81.50% (Ratio to Earth)

Diameter

  12,104 km

  94% (Ratio to Earth)

Average Density

  5,243 kg/m3

  95% (Ratio to Earth)

Distance From Sun

  108,200,000 km (Average)

  108,934,900 km (Maximum)

  107,463,300 km (Minimum)

Distance From Earth

  261,039,880 km (Maximum)

  38,050,900 km (Minimum)

Gravity

  8.87 m/s2

Surface Gravity

  90.50% (Ratio to Earth)

Escape Velocity

  10.36 km/s

  92.60% (Ratio to Earth)

Visual Magnitude

  -4.40 V(1,0)

Orbital Velocity

  35.02 km/s (Average)

  35.26 km/s (Maximum)

  34.79 km/s (Minimum)

Orbit Inclination

  3.39 degrees

Orbit Eccentricity

  0.0067

Average Surface Pressure

  9.3 MPa

Temperature

  464 degrees Celsius (Average)

Axis Tilt

  177.36 degrees

Aphelion

  108.94×106

Perihelion

  107.48×106

Synodic Period

  583.92 days

 
Description

Size:
The planet Venus is a comparatively small planet for the solar system with an average mass of 4.87×1024 kg and a diameter of 12,104 km. It is approximately 94% the size of the planet Earth.

Orbital Characteristics:
The planet Venus obits the Sun at an average speed of 35.02 km/s. At this speed it takes Venus 226 Earth days to complete its revolution of the Sun. One day on Venus lasts 2802 hours.

Distance from Earth:
This planet is the second closest planet to our Sun and the closest planet Earth.   During its revolution of the sun, its maximum distance from the planet Earth is 261,039,880 km and its shortest distance is 38,050,900 km.

Brightness:
Venus is a relatively bright planet with a visual magnitude of -4.40 V(1,0) and a solar irradiance of W/m2.

Atmosphere:
Venus has a relatively thick atmosphere with a density of 5,243 kg/m3 and a mean surface pressure of 9.3 MPa.  The atmosphere is composed of the elements Carbon Dioxide (96.5%), Nitrogen (3.5%), and other trace elements.

The average temperature of Venus is 464 degrees Celsius.

Moons:
Venus has no satellites.