Shallot Shallot, as the word is commonly used, or eschallot in some countries, refers to two different Allium species of plant. The French grey shallot or griselle, which has been considered to be the "true shallot" by many, is Allium oschaninii, a species which grows wild from Central Asia to Southwest Asia.
	Shamanism Shamanism refers to a range of traditional beliefs and practices similar to Animism that claim the ability to diagnose and cure human suffering and, in some societies, the ability to cause suffering. This is believed to be accomplished by traversing the axis mundi and forming a special relationship with, or gaining control over, spiritual being.
	Shameless Shameless is an offbeat United Kingdom comedic drama television series set in Stretford, Manchester, England. Produced by Company Pictures for the Channel 4 network, the first seven-episode series aired weekly on Tuesday nights at 10pm from 13 January 2004.
	Shamisen A shamisen or samisen, also called sangen is a three-stringed musical instrument played with a plectrum called a bachi. The pronunciation in Japanese language is usually "shamisen" but sometimes "jamisen" rendaku.
	Shampoo Shampoo is a hair care product used for the removal of sebum, dirt, skin particles, environmental pollution and/or other contaminant particles that gradually build up in hair. The goal is to remove the unwanted build-up without stripping out so much as to make hair unmanageable.
	Shamrock The shamrock, an unofficial symbol of Ireland and Boston, Massachusetts, Massachusetts, is a three-leaved young white clover, sometimes White clover but more usually today Trifolium dubium. However, other three leafed plants such as Black medick, Red clover or Wood Sorrel are sometimes designated as shamrocks.
	Shamrocks Shamrocks is a solitaire game akin to La Belle Lucie. The object is the same as the latter: move the cards into the foundations. The game is layout out as in La Belle Lucie: seventeen piles of three cards are placed on the tableau with one card counting as an eighteenth. Any card that can be moved to the foundations should be moved and built up by suit.
	Shandy Shandy is a term for beer flavoured with lemonade or some sort of soft drink. Lemonade-based shandys are more common in Europe and ginger ale is more commonly used in North America and the Caribbean. The proportions of the two ingredients are adjusted to taste, normally half-and-half, although shandy sold canned or bottled is typically much weaker, around 1 part beer to 10 parts lemonade.
	Shang Dynasty The Shang Dynasty or Yin Dynasty is the first confirmed historic Chinese Dynasty and ruled in the northeastern region of the area known as "China proper", in the Yellow River valley. The Shang dynasty followed the quasi-legendary Xia Dynasty and preceded the Zhou Dynasty.
	Shanghai Shanghai , situated on the banks of the Yangtze River Delta in East China, is the largest city of the People's Republic of China and the List of metropolitan areas by population in the world. Widely regarded as the citadel of China's modern economy, the city also serves as one of the most important cultural, commercial, financial, industrial and communications centers of China.
	Shangri-La Shangri-La is a fictional place described in the 1933 novel Lost Horizon by British author James Hilton. In the book, "Shangri-La" is a mystical, harmonious valley, gently guided from a lamasery, enclosed in the western end of the Himalaya. Shangri-La has become synonymous with any earthly paradise but particularly a mythical Himalayan utopia — a permanently happy land, isolated from the outside world.
	Shanks The shanks are wader bird species in a number of genera characterised by a medium length bill and long, often brightly coloured legs. They chase visible prey, rather than probing like most waders. These species are more associated with temperate regions for breeding than the rest of this largely arctic family.
	Shape In geometry, two sets have the same shape if one can be transformed to another by a combination of translation, rotation and Scalings. In other words, the shape of a set is all the geometrical information that is invariant to location, scale and rotation.
	Shaper A shaper is a machine tool used for shaping or surfacing metal and other materials.
	Shark Sharks are fish with a full Cartilage skeleton and a streamlined body. They respire with the use of five to seven gill slits. Sharks have a covering of dermal denticles to protect their skin from damage, parasites and to improve fluid dynamics.
	Sharp-tailed Grouse The Sharp-tailed Grouse, Tympanuchus phasianellus, is a medium-sized grouse. Adults have a short pointed tail with white outer feathers. The plumage is speckled dark and light brown, lighter on the underparts with a white spotted belly. Adult males have a yellow comb over their eyes and a violet display patch on their neck.
	Shasta daisy The Shasta daisy is a commonly grown herbaceous perennial plant with the classic daisy appearance of white petals around a yellow disc, similar to the Oxeye daisy Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. but larger. Formerly classified in the genus Chrysanthemum, these daisies were transferred to their own genus of Leucanthemum because they lack some traits of true Chrysanthemums.
	Shattered Shattered was a reality television program shown on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom in early 2004. Ten contestants were challenged with sleep deprivation for seven days while their actions were constantly monitored. Over the seven days the ten housemates had to endure daily performance testing and a variety of challenges.
	Shaving Shaving is the removal of body hair, most commonly facial hair, using a razor or any other bladed implement to slice it down to the level of the skin. Shaving is a common method of depilation, and is most commonly used by men to remove their facial hair. Both men and women sometimes shave their chest hair, abdominal hair, leg hair, underarm hair, pubic hair or other bodily hair.
	Shavuot Shavuot, also spelled Shavuos, is a Jewish holiday that occurs on the sixth day of the Hebrew month of Sivan. It marks the conclusion of the Counting of the Omer and the day the Torah was given at Biblical Mount Sinai. It is one of the three pilgrim festivals mandated by the Torah.
	Shawl A shawl is an extremely simple item of clothing, loosely worn over the shoulders, upper body and arms, sometimes also over the head. It is usually a rectangular piece of cloth, often folded to make a triangle, but can also be triangular in shape to begin with. The first shawls, or "shals" were part of traditional male costume in Kashmir.
	Shawm The shawm was a Renaissance musical instrument of the woodwind family, made in Europe from the late 13th century until the 17th century. It was developed from the oriental Zurna. It is the ancestor of the modern oboe. The shawm was called Schalmei in German language, and this word is believed to derive from the Latin calamus, meaning reed or stalk.
	Shawnee The Shawnee, or Shawano, are a people Native Americans in the United States to North America. They originally inhabited the areas of Ohio, Kentucky, and Pennsylvania.
	Shears A pair of shears is any scissors-type tool of relatively large size. Like scissors, shears combine slightly offset jaws to cut material through physical shear, and combine this with levers to apply a considerable shear force. Shears are usually intended for cutting much heavier material than scissors though.
	Shearwater Shearwaters are medium-sized long-winged seabirds. There are more than 25 species of shearwaters, four large species in the genus Procellaria, three large species in the genus Calonectris, and 19 mostly smaller species in the genus Puffinus. Those in Procellaria are usually called "petrel", though they are thought to be more closely to the shearwaters than to the other petrels.
	Shed A shed is typically a simple, single-floor structure in a back garden or on an allotment that is used for storage, hobby, as a workshop or an office. Sheds vary considerably in the complexity of their construction and their size, from small open-sided tin-roofed structures to large wood-framed sheds with shingled roofs, windows, and electrical outlets.
	Sheep dog A Sheep dog is a type of domestic dog whose original purpose was to herd or Livestock guardian dog sheep. Sheepdogs are just one category of herding dogs. Many sheep dogs are now kept as domestic pets or companion dogs. These dogs are very active and intellegent and require both physical and mental exercise which should be considered carefully before purchase as a companion dog.
	Sheep Frog Hypopachus variolosus is a species of Microhylidae frog known as the sheep frog.
	Sheep's Fescue Sheep's Fescue is a species of Poaceae. Sometimes this plant is found in acidic moss, for example in the Portlethen Moss, Scotland.
	Sheepshank The sheepshank is a type of knot. The knot is constructed as follows: * pull a section of rope back and lay it alongside the rope, so that the rope forms a Z approximately 20 cm long. * flatten the Z so that there are 3 sections of rope lying alongside each other, with two U-bends where the rope reverses direction.
	Sheepshead Sheepshead can also refer to a type of Sheepshead_. Sheepshead is a card game related to the Skat family of games, originating in Central Europe in the late 1700's under the German name Schafkopf. Although Schafkopf literally means "sheepshead", the term is actually derived from Middle High German and referred to playing cards on an overturned barrel .
	Sheet bend The sheet bend is a type of knot, related in structure to the bowline. It is very fast to tie and is useful when joining two ropes of different diameters. To tie the sheet bend, take the larger rope in one hand. Make a loop in this rope about three inches long and hold both ends of the loop in one hand.
	Sheet metal Sheet metal is simply metal formed into thin and flat pieces. It is one of the fundamental forms used in metalworking, and can be cut and bent into a variety of different shapes. Countless everyday objects are constructed of the material. Thicknesses can vary significantly, although extremely thin pieces of sheet metal would be considered to be Metal leaf or Metal leaf, and pieces thicker than 1/4 inch or a centimeter can be considered Structural steel.
	Sheet music Sheet music is a hand-written or printed form of musical notation; like its analogs -- books, pamphlets, etc. -- the medium of sheet music typically is paper. Use of the term sheet is intended to differentiate music on paper from a recording, broadcast, or live performance, and more specifically usually refers to the print publication of commercial music alongside the release of a new film, show, record album, or other special event which involves music.
	Sheffield !colspan=2 align=center bgcolor="#ff9999"|City of Sheffield |- |colspan=2 align=center||- !colspan=2 bgcolor="#ff9999"|Geography |- |width="45%"|Status:||Metropolitan borough, City status in the United Kingdom |- |Regions of England:||Yorkshire and the Humber |- |Ceremonial County:||South Yorkshire
	Shekel Shekel, also rendered sheqel, refers to one of many ancient units of weight and currency. The first known usage is from Ancient Mesopotamian units of measurement#Ancient Mesopotamian weights and measures around 3000 BC. The Shekel was originally derived from the weight of 180 grains.
	Shel Silverstein Sheldon Alan "Shel" Silverstein was an United States poet, songwriter, musician, composer, cartoonist, screenwriter, and author of children's books. He was also known as "Uncle Shelby." Silverstein claimed he never studied the poetry of others, and therefore developed his own style.
	Shelduck The Shelducks, genus Tadorna, are a group of large birds in the Tadorninae subfamily of the Anatidae, the biological family that includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl such as the goose and swans. A shelduck is approximately 58.5 cm in length and has a white plumage with bold brown and black markings.
	Shelf Shelf is a detail of furniture for storing items. The same name is applied to various things that resemble a shelf in form or function: * Continental shelf * Ice shelf ** Ross Ice Shelf ** Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf * Shelf cloud - a meteorological phenomenon * Shelf
	Shelf life Shelf life is that length of time that food, drink, medicine and other decomposition items are given before they are considered unsuitable for sale or Eating. In some regions, a best before, use by or freshness date is required on packaged perishable foods.
	Shell game The shell game is portrayed as a gambling game, but in reality, when a wager for money is made, it is an illegal confidence trick used to perpetrate fraud. This famous swindle, is referred to, in bunko slang, as a short-con, because it is quick and easy to pull off.
	Shellac Shellac is a brittle or flaky secretion of the lac insect Coccus lacca, found in the forests of Assam and Thailand. Freed from wood it is called "seedlac." Once it was commonly believed that shellac was a resin obtained from the wings of a bug found in India. In actuality, shellac was obtained from the secretion of the female bug, harvested from the bark of the trees where she deposits it to provide a sticky hold on the trunk.
	Shellfish Shellfish is a culinary term for aquatic invertebrates used as food: molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms. Both saltwater and freshwater invertebrates are considered shellfish. Molluscs commonly used as food include the clam, mussel, oyster, Periwinkle , and scallop.
	Shenandoah National Park Shenandoah National Park encompasses part of the Blue Ridge Mountains in the Piedmont region of Virginia. The national park is long and narrow, with the broad Shenandoah River and valley on the west side, and the rolling hills of the Virginia Piedmont on the east.
	Shenandoah River The Shenandoah River is a tributary of the Potomac River, approximately 150 mi long, in the U.S. states of Virginia and West Virginia. The principal tributary of the Potomac, the river and its tributaries drain several lateral valleys in the Appalachian Mountains on the west side of the Blue Ridge Mountains, mostly in northwestern Virginia.
	Shenandoah Valley The Shenandoah Valley region of western Virginia, from Winchester, Virginia to Staunton, Virginia, is bounded by the Blue Ridge Mountains to the east and the Appalachian Plateau and Allegheny Plateau Plateaus to the west. It is located within the Ridge-and-valley_Appalachians Region.
	Shenyang Shenyang is the capital city of Liaoning Provinces of China in Northeast China. It is a sub-provincial city with a population of 7.2 million, 13000 km. Along with its nearby cities, Shenyang is an important industrial center in China.
	Shepherd A shepherd is one who takes care of sheep, usually in flocks in the fields.
	Shepherd's pie Shepherd's pie is a traditional British cuisine that consists of a bottom layer of minced lamb in gravy covered with mashed potato and a layer of cheese. It is a favourite dish of institutional cooks keen on feeding large groups of people. Category:Savoury pies
	Shepherd's Purse Shepherd's Purse is originally from Europe, but has become very common in many parts of the world. Its name derives from Latin and means "little box", "purse of the shepherd". This name refers to the capsule in the shape of a shepherd's purse, which is also its common name. Shepherd's Purse grows in gardens, lots, fields, waste grounds, and embankments with soils that are not too dry and that provide enough sunshine.
	Sherbet Sherbet or Sherbert historically was a cool effervescent or iced fruit drink. The meaning, spelling and pronunciation has fractured between three English-speaking countries. It is usually spelled either sherbet or sherbert. In the US, the most common meaning of sherbert is a frozen dessert sorbet or a special kind of ice cream: see sherbet.
	Sheriff Sheriff is both a political and a legal office held under English and Welsh law, Scots law or Law of the United States, or the person who holds such office. The term "sheriff" originates from the older office position of "shire reeve".
	Sherlock Holmes Sherlock Holmes is a fictional character Detective fiction of the late 19th century and early 20th century, who made his first published appearance in 1887 in literature. He was devised by Scotland author and physician Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.
	Sherry Sherry is a type of wine originally produced in and around the town of Jerez, Spain. The town's Persian language name during the Rustamid period was Xerex, from which both sherry and Jerez are derived. This was because the founder of the empire, Rustam Shirazi wanted to produce a wine in remembrance of the famous Shiraz wine in Iran.
	Sherwood Forest Sherwood Forest is a country park surrounding the village of Edwinstowe in Nottinghamshire, England, the remnant of a much larger forest historically associated with the legend of Robin Hood. This much larger forest extended into several neighbouring counties. There is a particular oak tree in Sherwood Forest named the Major Oak which, according to local folklore, was Robin Hood's headquarters.
	Shetland Islands The Shetland Islands, also called Shetland geographical renaming Hjaltland, comprise one of 32 council areas of Scotland. It is an archipelago between the Orkney Islands and the Faroe Islands, north of mainland Scotland, with a total area of approximately 1 E9 m.
	Shetland pony Shetland pony horses are small but strong for their size. Ancient equidae had lived in Shetland Islands since the Bronze Age, and later breeders crossed them with ponies imported by Norsemen settlers. The islanders domesticated the resulting Shetland ponies.
	Shetland Sheepdog akcgroup = Herding | akcstd = altname = Shetland CollieDwarf Scotch ShepherdToonie dogApartment Collie | ankcgroup = Group 5 | ankcstd = ckcgroup = Group 7 - Herding Dogs | ckcstd = country = Scotland | fcigroup = 1 | fcinum = 88 | fcisection = 1 | fcistd = image = Shetland Sheepdog 600.jpg
	Shield ---- A shield is a protective device, meant to intercept attacks. The term often refers to a device that is held in the hand, as opposed to armour or a bullet proof vest. The oldest form of shield was a protection used to block attacks by Mle weapon and Ranged weapon.
	Shift key The shift key is a modifier key on a alphanumeric keyboard, used to type majuscule and other alternate "upper" characters. There are typically two shift keys, on the left and right sides of the row below the home row. On an English keyboard, characters that typically require the use of the shift key include the bracket, the question mark, the exclamation point, and the colon.
	Shift register In digital circuits a shift register is a group of processor registers set up in a linear fashion which have their inputs and outputs connected together in such a way that the data is shifted down the line when the circuit is activated.
	Shigella Shigella are Gram-negative, Motility, Endospore rod-shaped bacterium closely related to Escherichia coli and salmonella. The causative agent of human shigellosis, Shigella also cause disease in other primates, but not in other mammals.
	Shiitake The shiitake is an edible mushroom native to East Asia. It is generally known in the English-speaking world by its Japanese language name, shiitake. In Chinese language, it is called xianggu. Two Chinese variant names for high grades of shiitake are donggu and huagu; both are produced at colder temperatures.
	Shikoku For the 1999 Japanese film, see Shikoku . Shikoku is the smallest and least populous of the four main islands of Japan. Its ancient names include Iyo-no-futana-shima , Iyo-shima , and Futana-shima . The current name refers to the four provinces of Japan which made up the island: Awa Province , Iyo Province, Sanuki Province, and Tosa Province.
	Shilling The shilling was an English coin first issued in 1548 for Henry VIII of England, although arguably the testoon issued about 1487 for Henry VII of England was the first English shilling. These English issues were preceded by Scottish coinage, groats valued at twelvepence, issued in the reign of James III of Scotland.
	Shingle Oak Shingle Oak is a deciduous tree in the List of Quercus species#Section Lobatae group of oaks. It is native to eastern North America from southern New York west to southern Wisconsin and eastern Kansas, and south to central Alabama and Arkansas.
	Shining Path The Communist Party of Peru , more commonly known as the Shining Path is a Maoism Guerrilla warfare organization in Peru. The more familiar name distinguishes the group from several other Peruvian communist parties with similar names . It originates from a maxim of Jos Carlos Maritegui, founder of the original Peruvian Communist Party: "El Marxismo-Leninismo abrir el sendero luminoso hacia la revolucin" .
	Shinplaster Shinplaster was a common name for paper money of low denomination List of circulating currencies widely in the frontier economies of the 19th century. These notes were in various places issued by Banks, merchants, wealthy individuals and associations, either as banknotes, or circulating IOUs.
	Shinto is a folk religion of Japan and was once its state religion. It involves the worship of kami , gods. Some kami are local and can be regarded as the spiritual being/spirit or genius of a particular place, but others represent major natural objects and processes, for example, Amaterasu, the Sun goddess.
	Ship A ship is a large, sea-going watercraft. A ship usually has sufficient size to carry its own boats, such as lifeboats, dinghy, or runabout s. A rule of thumb saying goes: "a boat can fit on a ship, but a ship can't fit on a boat". Consequently submarines are referred to as "boats", because early submarines were small enough to be carried aboard a ship in transit to distant waters.