Rubidium Rubidium is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Rb and atomic number 37. Rb is a soft, silvery-white metallic element of the alkali metal group. Rb-87, a naturally occurring isotope, is radioactive. Rubidium is very soft and highly reactive, with properties similar to other elements in group 1, like rapid oxidation in Earth's atmosphere.
	Rubus Rubus is a genus of plant in the Family Rosaceae, Subfamily Rosoideae. These plants have prickles like roses and are often called brambles; this name is most often used for the blackberry and similar fruits that are also of rambling habit, and not used for those like the raspberry that grow as upright canes.
	Rubus occidentalis Rubus occidentalis is a species of Rubus native to eastern North America. The common name Black Raspberry is shared with the closely related western American species Rubus leucodermis. Another common name for Rubus occidentalis is a Blackcap. Rubus occidentalis is a deciduous shrub growing to 2-3 m tall, with spine shoots.
	Rubus odoratus The Flowering raspberry or Purple-flowering raspberry grows to be 68 feet tall. It blooms in July and produces fruit AugustSeptember. The fruit is resembles a large, flat raspberry with many Drupe and is rather fuzzy to the touch and tongue. The leaves are large and resemble grape leaves.
	Rubus phoenicolasius The wineberry, a type of raspberry, grows wild in the eastern part of the United States. The heart-shaped Leaf grow in groups of three and are white underneath. The canes have fine, red thorns, which appear much like red hair. The calyx is also red and hairy. The delicate fruits are slightly tart and ripen to a deep red in late June to early July.
	Ruby Ruby is a red gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum . The color is caused mainly by chromium. Its name comes from ruber, Latin for red. Natural rubies are exceptionally rare, but synthetic rubies can be manufactured fairly cheaply. Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sapphires.
	Ruby-crowned Kinglet The Ruby-crowned Kinglet is a very small songbird. Adults are olive-grey on the upperparts with light underparts, with a thin black bill and a short tail. They have white wing bars and a white broken eye ring. The adult male has a red patch on his crown which is usually only visible when he is agitated.
	Rudd The Rudd is a small fish, a widespread member of the family Cyprinidae. The rudd is a benthos-pelagic freshwater fish, widely spread in Europe and middle Asia, around the basins of the North Sea, Baltic Sea Black Sea, Caspian Sea and Aral seas.
	Rudder A rudder is a device used to steer ships, boats, submarines, aircraft, hovercraft or other conveyances that move through air or water. Rudders operate by re-directing the flow of air or water past the hull or fuselage, thus imparting a turning or yawing motion to the craft.
	Rudderfish The rudderfish is a medusafish, the only member of the genus Centrolophus found in all tropical and temperate oceans of the world, at depths of from 50 to 1,000 metres. Its length is from 60 to 150 centimetres. The rudderfish is a moderately elongate blunt-headed fish with long low dorsal fin and anal fins and small pectoral fin and pelvic fins.
	Ruddy Duck The Ruddy Duck is a small stiff-tailed duck. Adult males have a rust-red body, a blue bill and a white face with a black cap. Adult females have a grey-brown body with a greyish face with a darker bill, cap and a cheek stripe. The southern subspecies ferruginea is occasionally considered a distinct species.
	Rudiment A rudiment is one of a set of basic patterns used in rudimental drumming. These patterns form the basic building blocks or "vocabulary" of drumming, and can be combined in a more-or-less infinite variety of ways to create drumming music. There have been many attempts to formalise a standard list of snare drum rudiments.
	Rudolf Diesel Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel was a Germany inventor, famous for the invention of the Diesel engine. He was born in Paris and died on the English Channel.
	Rudolf Hess Walter Richard Rudolf Hess was a prominent figure in Nazi Germany, acting as Adolf Hitler's deputy in the Nazi Party. On the eve of war with the Soviet Union, he flew to Scotland in an attempt to negotiate peace, but was arrested. He was Nuremberg Trials and sentenced to life in prison where he died in 1987, seemingly by a suicide, when the political climate made it harder than ever defending his continued incarceration.
	Rudolf Nureyev Rudolf Nureyev, Tatar-born dancer, was regarded as one of the greatest male dancers of the 20th century, alongside Vaslav Nijinsky and Mikhail Baryshnikov.
	Rudolf Virchow Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow was a Germany Physician, anthropologist, Sanitation pathologist, prehistory, biologist and politician.
	Rudyard Kipling Joseph Rudyard Kipling was a United Kingdom author and poet best known today for his children's books: The Jungle Book , The Second Jungle Book , Just So Stories , and Puck of Pook's Hill ; his versatile novel,Sandison, Alan. 1987. Introduction to the Oxford World's Classics edition of "Kim," by Rudyard Kipling.
	Rue Rue is a genus of strongly scented evergreen subshrubs 20-60 cm tall, in the family Rutaceae, native to the Mediterranean region, Macaronesia and southwest Asia. Different authors accept between 8-40 species in the genus. The most well-known species is the Common Rue.
	Ruff The Ruff is a medium-sized wader. Their breeding habitat is bogs, marshes and wet meadows with short vegetation in northern Europe and Russia. Ruff are bird migration, wintering in southern and western Europe, Africa and India. They are highly gregarious, with a wintering flock of 1 million birds reported in Senegal.
	Ruffed Grouse The Ruffed Grouse, Bonasa umbellus, is a medium-sized grouse. Ruffed Grouse have two distinct color phases, grey and red. In the grey phase, adults have a long square brownish tail with barring and a black band near the end. The head, neck and back are grey-brown; they have a light breast with barring.
	Ruffles Ruffles is the name of a brand of ruffled potato chips produced by Frito-Lay. Its current official product slogan is "R-R-R-Ruffles Have Ridges!"
	Rugby Rugby may refer to: The sport of rugby football, in its various forms: *Rugby league - *Rugby sevens - *Rugby union - *Tag Rugby *Touch rugby - *Wheelchair rugby *Rugby coaching Places: *Rugby, Warwickshire, England, UK **Rugby **Rugby and Kenilworth constituency
	Rugby football Rugby football, often just referred to as rugby, refers to sports descended from a common form of football developed at Rugby School in England. The two major sports are rugby league and rugby union. American football and Canadian football also originated from Rugby football.
	Rugelach Rugelach is a Jewish pastry of Ashkenazic orgin. It can be made with a cream cheese dough, but the dough is more typically pareve, so that it can be eaten with or after a meat meal. The different fillings can include raisins, walnut, cinnamon, chocolate, marzipan, or apricot which are rolled up inside.
	Ruhr The Ruhr is a medium-size river in western Germany having its source at an elevation of approximately 2,200 feet near the town of Winterberg in the mountainous region of the Sauerland and flowing into the lower Rhine river at an elevation of only 56 feet in the municipal area of Duisburg.
	Ruins Ruins is a term used to describe the remains of man-made architecture: structures that were at one time complete but which have either been deliberately destroyed or fallen into a state of disrepair over time due to the action of weathering and lack of maintenance. There are famous ruins all over the world, from ancient sites in Judea to Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome sites in the Mediterranean Sea, and Inca Empire sites in Peru.
	Rule of thumb A rule of thumb is a principle with broad application that is not intended to be strictly accurate or reliable for every situation. It is an easily learned and easily applied procedure for approximately calculating or recalling some value, or for making some determination. Compare this to heuristic, a similar concept used in mathematics , or in computer science, particularly in algorithm design.
	Ruler A ruler or rule is an Measuring instrument used in geometry, technical drawing and engineering/building to measure distances and/or to rule straight lines. Strictly speaking, the ruler is the instrument used to rule lines and the calibrated instrument used for determining measurement is called a measure.
	Rum Rum is a distilled beverage made from sugarcane by-products such as molasses and sugarcane juice by a process of fermentation and distillation. The distillate, a clear liquid, is then usually aged in oak and other casks. While there are rum producers in places such as Australia, India, Runion, and elsewhere around the world, the majority of rum production occurs in and around the Caribbean and along the Demerara river in South America.
	Rùm Rm is one of the Small Isles, in Lochaber, Highland, Scotland. For several decades the name was spelt Rhum, which was coined in the 1900s by the former owner, Sir George Bullough, because he did not relish the idea of having the title Laird of Rum. It is inhabited by about 30 people.
	Rumba Rumba is both a family of music rhythms and a dance style that originated in Africa and traveled via the African slave trade to Cuba and the New World. The so-called rumba rhythm, a variation of the African standard pattern or clave rhythm, is the Additive rhythm grouping of an eight pulse bar into 3+3+2 or, less often, 3+5.
	Rumble seat A rumble seat is an unupholstered exterior seat which hinges or otherwise opens out from the rear of an early automobile, and seats one or more passengers. This type of seating became largely obsolete when cars became too fast for the comfort of such passengers. The definition differs from that of a dicky seat.
	Rumex The docks and sorrels, genus Rumex Carolus Linnaeus, are a genus of about 200 species of Annual plant, biennial and perennial herbs in the buckwheat family Polygonaceae. Members of this family are very common perennial herbs growing in acidic, sour soils mainly in the northern hemisphere, but have been introduced almost everywhere.
	Rumex acetosella Rumex acetosella is a species of Rumex bearing the common names sheep's sorrel, red sorrel, sour weed, and field sorrel. The plant and its subspecies are common perennial plant weeds. It has green arrowhead-shaped leaves and red-tinted deeply ridged stems, and it sprouts from an aggressive rhizome.
	Rumex obtusifolius The broadleaf dock, or butter dock, is a perennial plant weed, native to Europe but can now be found in the United States and many other countries around the world.
	Ruminant A ruminant is any hoof animal that digests its food in two steps, first by eating the raw material and regurgitating a semi-digested form known as cud, then eating the cud, a process called ruminating. Ruminants include cow, goats, sheep, camels, llamas, giraffes, bison, American Bison, deer, wildebeest, and antelope.
	Ruminantia The biological suborder Ruminantia includes many of the well-known large grazing or browsing mammals: among them cattle, goats, sheep, deer, and antelope. All members of the Ruminantia are ruminants: they digest food in two steps, chewing and swallowing in the normal way to begin with, and then regurgitating the semi-digested cud to re-chew it and thus extract the maximum possible food value.
	Rumpelstiltskin Rumpelstiltskin is a dwarf fictional character in a fairy tale of the same name that originated in Germany. The tale was collected by the Grimm Brothers who first published it in the 1812 edition of Children's and Household Tales. It was subsequently revised in later editions until the final version was published in 1857.
	Rumple Jibjab Rumple animated sketches were created in 2001. They starred US President George W. Bush as he tries to get through his presidency. On hand to help him in troubled times is a 3-inch tall elf-type creature called "Rumple". Also on hand are Vice President of the United States Dick Cheney and former United States Secretary of State Colin Powell.
	RUN RUN was an United States computer magazine publisher monthly by IDGE Communications with its first issue debuting in January 1984. Bi-monthly publishing began in April 1990, and went on until the magazine folded in November/December 1992. In its heyday, Run's monthly circulation was in the 200,000-300,000 range.
	Run out Run out is a method of Dismissal in the sport of cricket. It is governed by Law 38 of the Laws of cricket. A batsman is out Run out if at any time while the ball is in play no part of his bat or person is grounded behind the Crease and his wicket is fairly Wicket#Dismissing a batsman by the opposing side.
	Runcible spoon A runcible spoon is a fictitious spoon that appears in the nonsense verse of Edward Lear. More generally, the word "runcible" is also used of objects other than spoons in Lear's work. It is fundamentally a nonsense word. The word "runcible" is a neologism.
	Runner bean The runner bean is often called the scarlet runner bean since most varieties have red flowers and multicolored seeds, though some have white flowers and white seeds. It differs from the common bean in several respects: the cotyledons stay in the ground during germination, and the plant is a perennial with tuberous roots.
	Running Running is by definition the fastest means for an animal to locomotion on foot. It is defined in sporting terms as a gait in which at some point all feet are off the ground at the same time. It is a form of both anaerobic exercise and aerobic exercise. During running, the speed at which the runner moves can be calculated by multiplying the cadence by the stride length.
	Running back A running back, halfback or tailback is the position of a player on an American football and Canadian football team who lines up in the offensive backfield. Depending on the offensive formation, the halfback may be joined in the backfield by other backs, most commonly a fullback.
	Running Mates Running Mates' is an episode from the second season of the Fox Broadcasting Company animated television series Family Guy.
	Runway A runway is a strip of land on an airport, on which aircraft can take off and landing. Runways may be a prepared surface or an unprepared surface.
	Rupee The Rupee is the common name for the currency used in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Mauritius, and the Seychelles; in Indonesia the unit of currency is known as the rupiah and in the Maldives the rufiyah. The Pakistani rupee and the Indian rupee are subdivided into one hundred paisa or pice.
	Rupert Brooke Rupert Chawner Brooke was a United Kingdom poet known for his idealistic War Sonnets written during the World War I.
	Rupert Murdoch Keith Rupert Murdoch Order of Australia, Order of St. Gregory the Great, is a businessman and media magnate, most known for being the owner of News Corporation. He was born in Australia and is of Scottish people ancestry. He is a naturalized United States citizen, based in New York City, who is a global News media executive and is a top shareholder, chairman and managing director of News Corporation.
	Rural Rural areas are sparsely settled places away from the influence of large city. Such areas are distinct from more intensively settled urban area and suburban areas, and also from unsettled lands such as outback or wilderness. People in rural areas live in towns, villages, on farms and in other isolated houses.
	Ruscaceae Ruscaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asparagales that includes several genera previously included in the Liliaceae, for example in the Cronquist system. The APG II system recommends its inclusion in Asparagaceae but allows for its optional recognition as a monophyletic family; this is a change from the APG system of 1998, which did not accept the family at all.
	Ruscus Ruscus is a genus of six species of flowering plants in the family Ruscaceae, formerly classified in the family Liliaceae. The genus is native to western and southern Europe, Macaronesia, northwest Africa, and southwestern Asia east to the Caucasus.
	Rush hour A rush hour is a part of the day with busy traffic and hence traffic congestion on the roads and crowded public transport; normally the two periods in a day when people are commuting or school. The name is a misnomer: it is usually more than an hour.
	Rushlight A rushlight is a type of candle formed using the dried pith of the Juncaceae as its wick. The green Epidermis or rind was peeled to reveal the inner pith, aside from a single strip left to provide support. It was then dipped in any household fat or grease that was available although beeswax or good tallow, especially mutton fat, improved the quality of the light.
	Rusk A rusk is a rectangular, hard, dry cracker or twice-baked bread. The former definition is used in South Africa, where it is considered a traditional food and is eaten after having been dipped in coffee or tea. Historically, it was baked at home, but there are now several mass-market versions available, the most famous probably being Ouma Rusks.
	Russ Russ or rus is a cultural phenomenon and tradition in the Scandinavian countries Norway and Denmark. In Norway, students who graduate from high school are called russ and celebrate with festivities during the first few weeks of May. In Denmark, freshman college students are called rus.
	Russia Russia , also the Russian Federation , is a country that stretches over a vast expanse of Eurasia. With an area of 17,075,400 square kilometres, it is the List of countries by area country in the world by land mass, covering almost twice the territory of the next-largest country, Canada.
	Russian Orthodox Church The Russian Orthodox Church , also known as the Orthodox Catholic Church of Russia, is that body of Christianity who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in full communion with the other patriarchs and primate s of the Eastern Orthodox Church.
	Russians Russians are an East Slavs ethnic group, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries. The English language term Russians is also used to refer to citizens of Russia, regardless of their ethnicity ; in Russian language, this meaning is covered by the recently revived politically correct term Rossiyanin .
	Russo-Japanese War The Russo-Japanese War was a conflict that grew out of the rival imperialist ambitions of Russian history, 1892-1920 and Japanese Empire in Manchuria and Korea. The major theatres of the war were Lshunkou, the Liaodong Peninsula, and along the railway line from Port Arthur to Harbin.
	Russula Around 750 worldwide species of mushrooms compose the genus Russula. They are typically common, fairly large, and brightly colored - making them one of the most recognizable genera among mycologists and mushroom collectors. Their distinguishing characteristics include a white to dark yellow spore print, brittle free white gill, and an absence of partial veil or universal veil tissue on the stem.
	Russulaceae Russulaceae is a family of fungi in the order Russulales. Its species have typically friable, chalk-like stalks, that break with a distinct crack, like a carrot but with porous flesh. Microscopically, the cells are not all long thin hyphae, which would provide strength and more fibrous appearance when broken.
	Rust Rust is the substance formed when iron compounds corrode in the presence of oxygen and water. It is a mixture of iron oxides and hydroxides. Rusting is a common term for corrosion, and usually corrosion of steel. Iron is found naturally in the ore hematite as iron oxide, and metallic iron tends to return to a similar state when exposed to air, and water.
	Rusty Blackbird The Rusty Blackbird, Euphagus carolinus, is a medium-sized icterid. Adults have a pointed bill and a pale yellow eye. They have black Feather; the female is greyer. "Rusty" refers to the brownish winter plumage. They resemble the western member of the same genus, the Brewer's Blackbird; however, this bird has a longer bill and the male's head is Iridescence green.
	Rutabaga The rutabaga or swede or (yellow) turnip is a root vegetable that originated as a cross between the cabbage and the turnip—see the turnip. Its leaves may also be eaten as a leaf vegetable. "Rutabaga" is the American English term, while "swede" is the term used in much of English English.
	Rutaceae Rutaceae is a family of plants of the order Sapindales. Species of the family generally have flowers that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from herbs to shrubs and small trees. The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the Orange, lemon, Lime and grapefruit.
	Ruth Benedict Ruth Benedict was an United States anthropologist. She was born in New York City, and attended Vassar College, graduating in 1909. She entered graduate studies at Columbia University in 1919, studying under Franz Boas, receiving her Doctor of Philosophy and joining the faculty in 1923.
	Rutherford B. Hayes Rutherford Birchard Hayes was an Politics of the United States, Law of the United States, Military of the United States and the 19th President of the United States . He did not run again in the U.S. presidential election, 1880, keeping his pledge that he would not run for a second term.
	Rutile Rutile is a mineral composed dominantly of titanium dioxide, TiO2. It is one of three distinct titanium dioxide polymorphs that occur at geologically moderate pressures, which all have different crystal structures: * rutile, a tetragonal mineral usually of Prismatic surface Crystal habit, often twinned;