Circaea The genus Circaea contains 7-10 species of flowering plants, known as enchanter's nightshade. They are woodland plants occurring throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Two species are widespread, Broad-leaved Enchanter's Nightshade and Alpine Enchanter's Nightshade.
	Circaetus Circaetus, the snake eagles, is a genus of medium-sized eagles in the bird of prey family Accipitridae which also includes many other diurnal Bird of preys such as buzzards and harriers. These are mainly resident African species, but the bird migration Short-toed Eagle breeds from the Mediterranean basin into Russia, the Middle East and India, and winters in sub-Saharan Africa and east to Indonesia.
	Circe In Greek mythology, Circe or Krke was a goddess living on the island of Aeaea. Circe's father was Helios, the pre-Olympic Titan of the Sun, and her mother was Perse, an Oceanid; she was sister of Aeetes, the king of Colchis and of Pasiphae and Aegea.
	Circle In Euclidean geometry, a circle is the set of all point in a plane at a fixed distance, called the radius, from a fixed point, the centre. The points can only be those that are part of a conic section; within the set of a plane normal to the axis of a right Conical surface.
	Circlet A circlet is a crown with neither arches nor a Cap. Many ancient crowns were circlet in style, notably the original St. Edward's Crown, the coronation crown of English monarchs, which was destroyed by Oliver Cromwell during the Commonwealth of England.
	Circuit breaker A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch which is designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by Electrical_overload or short circuit. Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then has to be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset to resume normal operation.
	Circular saw Invented in Bitterne_Park, Southampton, England in 1780, the circular saw is a metal disk or blade with saw teeth on the edge as well as the machine that causes the disk to spin. It is a tool for cutting wood or other materials and may be hand-held or Furniture-mounted.
	Circulatory system A circulatory system is an organ that moves substances to and from cell ; it can also help stabilize body temperature and pH . There are three types of circulatory systems : no circulatory system, open circulatory system, and closed circulatory system.
	Circumcision Circumcision is the removal of some or all of the foreskin from the penis. The frenulum may also be removed at the same time, in a procedure called frenectomy. The word "circumcision" comes from Latin circum and caedere . The practice of circumcision predates recorded human history, with depictions found in stone-age cave drawings and Egyptian tombs.
	Circumnavigation To circumnavigate a place, such as an island, a continent, or the Earth, is to travel all the way around it by boat or ship. More recently, the term has also been used to cover aerial round-the-world flights.
	Circumscribe In geometry, a circumscribed planar shape or solid is one that encloses and "fits snugly" around another geometric shape or solid. Specifically, there must be no object similarity to the circumscribed object but smaller and also enclosing the inner figure.
	Circus A circus is most commonly a traveling company of performers that may include acrobatics, clowns, trained animals, hula hoopers and other novelty acts and the word also describes the performance that they give. A circus is held in an oval or circular arena with tiered seating around its circumference; in the case of traveling circuses this location is most often a large tent.
	Cirrocumulus cloud Cirrocumulus clouds are in high layers of sky and are formed horizontally. A Cirrocumulus is a high-altitude cirriform cloud, occurring at 20,000-40,000 ft or 6,000-12,000 m. Cirrocumulus is formed from cirrus cloud or cirrostratus clouds when they are warmed gently from below.
	Cirrostratus cloud Cirrostratus clouds belong to a class characterized by a composition of ice crystals and often by the production of Halo optical phenomenon. They appear as whitish and usually somewhat fibrous veils, often covering the whole sky and sometimes so thin as to be hardly discernible.
	Cirrus cloud A cirrus cloud is a type of cloud composed of ice crystals and characterized by thin, wisplike strands, often accompanied by tufts. Sometimes these wispy clouds are so extensive that they are virtually indistinguishable from one another, forming a veil or sheet called "cirrostratus".
	Cirsium Cirsium is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the Asteraceae, one of several genera known popularly as thistles. They are known for their effusive flowered heads. The radially symmetrical disk flowers are situated at the end of the branches. They have erect, prickly stems and leaves, with a characteristic focal point at the base of the flower which is particularly spiny.
	Cirsium vulgare Cirsium vulgare is a species of the genus Cirsium, native throughout Europe, Asia and northern Africa, but also present in North America as an invasive weed. It is a tall biennial plant, forming a rosette of leaf in the first year, and a flowering stem 1-2.5 m tall in the second year.
	Cis
	Cistaceae The Cistaceae is a rather small family of plants known for its beautiful shrubs, vastly covered by flowers at the time of blossom. This family consists of about 170-200 species in eight genera, distributed primarily in the temperate areas of Europe and the Mediterranean basin, but also found in North America and a limited number of species are found in South America.
	Cistercians The Order of Cistercians , otherwise White Monks is a Roman Catholic Church Order of enclosed monks.
	Cistern A cistern is a receptacle for holding liquids, usually water. Often cisterns are built to catch and store rainwater. They range in capacity from a few litres to thousands of cubic metres.
	Cistus Cistus is a genus of flowering plants in the rockrose family Cistaceae, containing about 20 species. They are perennial shrubs found on dry or rocky soils throughout the Mediterranean region, from Morocco and Portugal through to the Middle East, and also on the Canary Islands.
	Citadel A citadel is a Fortification for protecting a town, sometimes with a castle in its middle. The term derives from the same Latin language root as the word "city", civis, meaning citizen. Citadels are most often used to protect a garrison or political power from the inhabitants of the town it is defending.
	Citizenship Citizenship is membership in a political community and carries with it rights to political participation; a person having such membership is a citizen. It is largely coterminous with nationality, although it is possible to have a nationality without being a citizen ; it is also possible to have political rights without being a national of a state.
	Citrate A citrate is an ionic form of citric acid, such as C3H5O(COO)33−, that is, citric acid minus three hydrogen ions. Citrates are compounds containing this group, either ionic compounds, the salts, or analogous covalent compounds, esters.
	Citric acid Citric acid is a weak organic chemistry acid found in citrus fruits. It is a natural preservative and is also used to add an acidic taste to foods and soft drinks. In biochemistry, it is important as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle and therefore occurs in the metabolism of almost all living things.
	Citrine Citrine, also called citrine quartz or citrine topaz, is an amber-colored gemstone. It is a form of quartz with ferric iron impurities, and is rarely found naturally. Most commercial citrine is in fact artificially heated amethyst or smoky quartz. Brazil is the leading producer of naturally mined citrine, with much of its production coming from the state of Rio Grande do Sul.
	Citron The Citron is a species of citrus fruit. It is characterized by its thick rind and small sections. Generally, it is eaten preserved or in bakery goods, such as fruitcakes. The citron was the first of the citrus known to the Romans. Pliny's Natural History gives an account of the tree that some called the Assyrian, others the Median "apple".
	Citrulline The chemical compound citrulline is an a-amino acid. Its name is derived from citrullus, the Latin word for watermelon, from which it was first isolated.
	Citrullus Citrullus is a small genus of desert vines, among which Citrullus lanatus is an important crop. External links Category:Cucurbitaceae fr:Citrullus lt:Arbuzas pt:Citrullus
	Citrus Citrus is a common term and genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae, originating in tropical and subtropical southeast Asia. The plants are large shrubs or small trees, reaching 5-15 m tall, with spine shoots and alternately arranged evergreen leaf with an entire margin.
	Cittern The cittern is a stringed instrument of the lute family dating from the Renaissance. With its flat back, it was much simpler, and therefore cheaper, to construct than the lute, in addition to which it was easier to play and keep in tune and, being smaller and less delicate, far more portable.
	City A city is an urban area that is differentiated from a town, village, or hamlet by size, population density, importance, or de jure. In most parts of the world, cities are generally substantial and nearly always have an urban core, but in the United States many incorporated areas which have a very modest population, or a suburban or even mostly rural character, are designated as cities.
	City block A city block is a central element of urban planning and urban design. A city block is the smallest area that is surrounded by streets. In most cities of the world that were planned, and did not develop and expand over a long period of time, streets are traditionally laid out on a grid plan, so that city blocks are square or rectangular.
	City hall A city hall or town hall is the headquarters of a city or town's administration. The usual term in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand is 'Town Hall' or 'guildhall', the phrase is used as the building's proper name rather than as a generic term. However, Brisbane City Hall is an example of an Australian local council that has a "city hall".
	City limits In the United States, the term city limits refers to the defined boundary of a city. Usually such limits are formally described in a state or territorial law as being under the control of the municipal corporation or Government agency that constitutes the Municipal government.
	City of London The City of London is a small area in Greater London, England. The modern conurbation of London developed from the city status in the United Kingdom of London and the nearby City of Westminster, which was the centre of the royal government. The City of London is now Europe's largest "central business district" and financial district.
	City of Westminster The City of Westminster is a London borough with City status in the United Kingdom, situated to the west of the City of London and north of the River Thames. It forms part of Inner London, and the bulk of London's central area. The city contains most of London's London West End, as well as the permanent headquarters of the United Kingdom's government, with the Palace of Westminster, Whitehall, and the Royal Courts of Justice.
	Cityscape A cityscape is the urban equivalent of a landscape. In the visual arts a cityscape is an artistic representation, such as a painting, drawing, print or photograph, of the physical aspects of a city or urban area.
	Ciudad Juárez Ciudad Jurez, or simply Jurez, is a city in the Mexican state of Chihuahua with a population of 1,142,354. It stands on the Rio Grande, across the U.S.-Mexico border from El Paso, Texas. The two cities form a binational metropolitan area of 2,280,782 making it the second-largest binational metropolitan area on the U.S.Mexico border.
	Civet The 32 species of civet, genet, and linsang make up the family Viverridae. They are small, lithe-bodied, mostly arboreal members of the Order Carnivora. General appearance is broadly cat-like, but the muzzle is extended and often pointed, rather like an otter or a mongoose.
	Civic center A civic center or civic centre is a prominent Earth area within a community that is constructed to be its focal point or center. It usually contains one or more dominant Infrastructure, which may also include a government building. Recently, the term "civic center" has been used in reference to an entire central business district of a community or a major shopping center in the middle of a community.
	Civil defense Civil defense, spelled civil defence outside the United States and now often called civil protection, is an effort to prepare civilians for military attack. It uses the principles of emergency operations: prevention, mitigation, preparation, response, or emergency evacuation, and recovery.
	Civil disobedience Civil disobedience encompasses the active refusal to obey certain laws, demands and commands of a government or of an occupying power without resorting to physical violence. Civil disobedience has been used in nonviolent resistance movements in India , in South Africa in the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement in the fight against segregation and disfranchisement, and in Europe, for example in the Scandinavia resistance
	Civil engineering In modern usage, civil engineering is a broad field of engineering that deals with the Urban planning, construction, and maintenance of fixed structures, or public works, as they are related to earth, water, or civilization and their processes. Most civil engineering today deals with power plants, bridges, roads, railways, structures, water supply, irrigation, environment, sewer, flood control and traffic.
	Civil rights Civil rights are the protections and privileges of personal liberty given to all citizens by law. Civil rights are distinguished from "human rights" or "natural rights"—civil rights are rights that are bestowed by nations on those within their territorial boundaries, while natural or human rights are rights that many scholars claim ought to belong to all people.
	Civil rights movement Historically, the civil rights movement was a concentrated period of time around the world of approximately one generation wherein there was much worldwide civil unrest and popular rebellion. The process of moving toward equality under the law was long and tenuous in many countries, and most of these movements did not achieve or fully achieve their objectives.
	Civil union A civil union is a legal partnership agreement between two persons. They are typically created for homosexuality with the purpose of granting them benefits that are found in marriage. Some jurisdictions, however, also allow entry by heterosexuality.
	Civilization The word civilization has a variety of meanings related to human society. The word "civilization" comes from the Latin word for townsman or citizen, civis, and its adjectival form, civilis. To be "civilized" essentially meant being a townsman, governed by the constitution and legal statutes of that community.
	Clabbers Clabbers is a game played by tournament Scrabble players for fun, or occasionally at Scrabble variant tournaments. The name derives from the fact that the words CLABBERS and SCRABBLE form an anagram pair.
	Cladistics Cladistics is a branch of biology that determines the evolutionary relationships between organisms based on derived similarities. It is the most prominent of several forms of phylogenetic systematics, which study the evolutionary relationships between organisms. Cladistics is a method of rigorous analysis, using "shared derived traits" of the organisms being studied.
	Cladonia Cladonia is a genus of moss-like lichens in the family Cladoniaceae. They are the primary food source for reindeer and caribou. Cladonia species are of economic importance to reindeer-herders, such as the Sami people in Scandinavia or the Nenets in Russia.
	Cladonia rangiferina Reindeer lichen, latin Cladonia rangiferina, is a light-colored, fruticose lichen belonging to the family Cladoniaceae. It grows in both hot and cold climates in well-drained, open environments. Found primarily in areas of alpine tundra, it is extremely cold-hardy.
	Cladoniaceae Cladoniaceae is a family of lichens in the order Lecanorales. The family is classified as fungi. Reindeer moss and cup lichen belong to this family. Category:Lecanoromycetes Category:Lichens
	Claim Jumper Claim Jumper is a restaurant chain with 38 locations in Arizona, California, Illinois, Colorado, Nevada, and Washington. The first Claim Jumper opened in Los Alamitos, California in 1977. The restaurants typically have a dignified American Old West theme.
	Clam Clams are shelled marine or freshwater mollusks belonging to the class Bivalvia In culinary use, clam most often refers to the hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria but may refer to other species such as the soft-shell clam Mya arenaria. They are eaten raw, steamed, boiled, baked or Fried clam: the method of preparation depends partly on size and species.
	Clam chowder Clam chowder is any of several chowders containing clams and broth. Along with the clams, potato chunks are common, as are onions sauted in the drippings from salt pork. Vegetables are uncommon, but small carrot strips might occasionally be added, primarily for color.
	CLAMP CLAMP is an all-female Japan mangaka group. Their manga series are often made into anime after release. More than 90 million CLAMP tankobon copies have been sold worldwide. CLAMP originally began in 1989 as a twelve-member dojinshi circle. The former members of CLAMP included Tamayo Akiyama, Soshi Hishika, O-Kyon, Kazue Nakamori, Inoue Yuzuru, Sei Nanao, Shinya Ohmi and Leeza Sei.
	Clamshell In design, clamshell is a form resembling the Animal shell of a clam, with the ability to open up in the same way. Bookbinding build clamshell boxes in which valuable books or loose papers can be protected from light and dust. This design is often used in technology, particularly portable devices such as mobile phones, laptop, subnotebooks, the Game Boy Advance SP and the Nintendo DS.
	Clank Clank is a fictional character in the Ratchet & Clank series series of video games, voiced by prominent voice actor David Kaye.
	Clapperboard In motion picture and videotape production, a clapperboard is a device used to synchronize picture and sound; additionally the clapboard is used to designate and mark particular scenes and takes recorded during a production. Many other names are commonly used, including clapboard, slate, slate board, sync slate, sticks, board, and marker.
	Claque Claque is, in its origin, a term which refers to an organized body of professional applause in France theatres. Members of a claque are called claqueurs. Hiring people to applaud dramatic performances was common in classical times. For example, when the emperor Nero acted, he had his performance greeted by an encomium chanted by five thousand of his soldiers.
	Clarence Darrow Clarence Seward Darrow was an United States lawyer and leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union, best known defending teenaged thrill killing Leopold and Loeb in their trial for murdering 14 year old Bobby Franks and defending John T. Scopes in the so-called Scopes Trial, in which he opposed the famous prosecutor William Jennings Bryan.
	Clarinet The clarinet is a musical instrument in the woodwind family. The name derives from adding the suffix -et meaning little to the Italian word clarino meaning a particular trumpet, as the first clarinets had a strident tone similar to that of a trumpet. The instrument has an approximately cylindrical bore , and uses a single reed .
	Clarinetist A clarinetist is a musician who plays the clarinet. Some clarinetists also play other woodwind instruments, particularly commonly the saxophone, and may therefore also be saxophonists and multireedists. Here is a list of famous clarinetists, grouped according to the musical idiom with which they are particularly associated.
	Clark Gable Clark Gable was an Academy Awards-winning United States film actor and the biggest box office star of the early sound film era. In 1999, the American Film Institute named Gable among the AFI's 100 Years... 100 Stars, ranking at No.
	Clark's Nutcracker The Clark's Nutcracker, is a large passerine bird, in the family Corvidae. It is slightly smaller than its Eurasia relative Spotted Nutcracker. It is ashy-grey all over except for the black-and-white wings and central tail feathers. The bill, legs and feet are also black.
	Clary Clary also known as Clary sage, is a biennial or short-lived perennial herb in the genus Salvia, native to Europe east to central Asia. It grows to 1 m tall, with opposite leaf 10-20 cm long and 6-12 cm broad, with a thick woolly texture. The flowers are in several clusters of 2-6 together on the stem, 2.5-3.5 cm long, white to pink or pale purple.
	Class Act Class Act is a 1992 comedy motion picture, released by Warner Bros. Pictures. It was directed by Randall Miller and starred hip hop musicians Kid 'n Play. The film is an urban retelling of the fairy tale The Prince and the Pauper.
	Classical conditioning Classical conditioning is a type of associative learning. Ivan Pavlov described the learning of conditioned behavior as being formed by pairing two stimulation to conditioning an animal into giving a certain response. The simplest form of classical conditioning is reminiscent of what Aristotle would have called the law of contiguity, which states that: "When two things commonly occur together, the appearance of one will bring the other to mind." Classical conditioning originally focused on reflexive