Centrosome The centrosome is the main microtubule organizing center of the cell as well as a regulator of cell-cycle progression. It was discovered in 1888 by Theodor Boveri and was described as the 'especial organ of cell division.' Although the centrosome has a key role in efficient cell division, it has been recently shown that it is not necessary [1].
	Century plant The Century Plant or Maguey is an agave originally from Mexico but cultivated worldwide. It has a spreading rosette of gray-green leaves up to 2 meters long, each with a spiny margin and a heavy spike at the tip. Its common name derives from its habit of only occasionally flowering, but when it does, the spike with a cyme of big yellow flowers, may reach up to 8 meters in height.
	Cephalanthera Cephalanthera is a genus of, mostly, terrestrial orchids. Members of this genus have rhizomes rather than tubers. About 15 species are currently recognised, several of them common in Europe, for example the Sword-leaved Helleborine C. longifolia. Most others are native to Asia, ranging from the Caucasus, e.g.
	Cephalhematoma A cephalhematoma or cephalhaematoma is a hemorrhage of blood between the skull and the periosteum of a newborn infant secondary to rupture of blood vessels crossing the periosteum. Because the swelling is subperiosteal its boundaries are limited by the individual bones, in contrast to a chignon.
	Cephalic index The cephalic index is the ratio of the maximum breadth of the head to its maximum length , sometimes multiplied by 100 for convenience. It was defined by Sweden professor of anatomy Anders Retzius and first used in physical anthropology to classify ancient human remains found in Europe.
	Cephaloglycin Cephaloglycin is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. External links*
	Cephalopod The cephalopods are the mollusk class Cephalopoda characterized by bilateral body symmetry, a prominent head, and a modification of the mollusk foot, a muscular hydrostat, into the form of arms or tentacles. Teuthology, a branch of malacology, is the study of cephalopods.
	Cephalosporin The cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotic. Together with cephamycins they belong to a sub-group called cephems.
	Cephalotaxus Cephalotaxus is a genus of Pinophyta comprising 11 species, treated in either the Cephalotaxaceae, or in the Taxaceae when that family is considered in a broad sense. The genus is endemic to eastern Asia, though fossil evidence shows it had a wider Northern Hemisphere distribution in the past.
	Cephalotus Cephalotus is a monotypic genus of southwest Australian pitcher plants, containing a single carnivorous species Cephalotus follicularis, commonly called the Albany Pitcher Plant, the fly-catcher plant the mocassin plant, or the Western Australian Pitcher Plant.
	Cepphus Cepphus is a genus of seabirds in the auk family. These are medium-sized guillemots with mainly black plumage in the breeding season, thin dark bills and red legs and feet. Two species have white wing patches, the third has white facial spectacles. They are much paler in winter plumage, mottled above and white below.
	Ceramic The word ceramic is derived from the Greek language word ?e?a???? . The term covers inorganic non-metallic materials whose formation is due to the action of heat. Up until the 1950s or so, the most important of these were the traditional clays, made into pottery, bricks, tiles and the like, along with cements and glass.
	Cerastium Cerastium is a genus of plant belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae. Cerastium species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Coleophora and Coleophora.
	Cerastium tomentosum Cerastium tomentosum is a flowering plant. It grows in a low, spreading clump. The stems are silvery-grey, the flowers white and about 15 mm across. Image:Cerastium_tomentosum_flower.jpg|Flower close-up
	Ceratitis capitata Ceratitis capitata, the Mediterranean fruit fly, or medfly for short, is a species of fruit fly capable of wreaking extensive damage to a wide range of fruit crops. It is native to the Mediterranean Sea, but has spread invasive species to many parts of the world, including Australasia and North America and South America.
	Ceratonia Ceratonia is the name of a genus of trees. It is of the family Caesalpiniaceae and subfamily Caesalpinioideae. An obsolete name for Ceratonia was Acalis.
	Ceratopetalum Ceratopetalum is a genus of six species of shrub and tree in the family Cunoniaceae. They are found along the eastern coast of Australia and extend north to New Guinea. Two Australian species are among the best known, one being Coachwood or coachwood, renowned as a timber tree, and C.
	Ceratophyllum Ceratophyllum is a cosmopolitan genus of flowering plants, commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions. They are usually called hornworts, although this name is also used for unrelated plants of the division Anthocerotophyta.
	Ceratopsia Ceratopsia is a group of herbivore, beaked dinosaurs which thrived in what are now North America and Asia, during the Cretaceous Period, although ancestral forms lived earlier, in the Jurassic. Early members such as Psittacosaurus were small and bipedal.
	Ceratopsidae Ceratopsids, or members of the Ceratopsidae, are a diverse group of marginocephalian dinosaurs like Triceratops and Styracosaurus. All known species were quadrupedal herbivores from the Upper Cretaceous of Western North America and are characterized by beaks, rows of shearing teeth in the back of the jaw, and elaborate horns and frills.
	Ceratosaurus Ceratosaurus // meaning 'horned lizard', in reference to the horn on its nose, was a large predatory dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Period, found in the Morrison Formation of North America, in Tanzania and possibly in Portugal. It was characterized by large jaws with enormous, bladelike teeth, a large, blade-like horn on the snout and a pair hornlets over the eyes.
	Ceratozamia Ceratozamia is a genus of New World cycads in the family Zamiaceae. The genus contains 16-18 currently living species and one or two fossil species. Most species are endemic to mountainous areas of Mexico, while C. robusta extends into the mountains of Guatemala and Belize.
	Cerberus In Greek mythology, Cerberus or Kerberos , was the hound of Hades—a monstrous Multi-headed animal dog with a snake for a tail and serpentine mane. He guarded the gate to Hades and ensured that the dead could not leave and the living could not enter.
	Cercis Cercis, the Redbuds, is a genus of about 6-10 species in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae of the pea family Fabaceae, native to warm-temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. They are small deciduous trees or large shrubs, characterised by simple, rounded to heart-shaped leaf and pinkish-red flowers borne in the early spring on bare leafless shoots.
	Cereal Cereal agriculture are mostly Poaceae cultivated for their edible grains or seeds . Cereal grains are grown in greater quantities worldwide than any other type of crop and provide more food energy to the human race than any other crop. In some developing nations, cereal grains constitute practically the entire diet of common folk.
	Cerebellum The cerebellum is a region of the brain that plays an important role in the integration of perception and motoneuron output. Many neural pathways link the cerebellum with the motor cortexwhich sends information to the muscles causing them to moveand the spinocerebellar tractwhich provides feedback on the position of the body in space .
	Cerebral cortex The cerebral cortex is a brain structure in vertebrates. In non-living, preserved brains, the outermost layers of the telencephalon has a grey color, hence the name "grey matter". Grey matter is formed by neurons and their myelin fibers while the white matter below the grey matter of the cortex is formed predominantly by myelinated axons interconnecting different regions of the central nervous system.
	Cerebral hemisphere A cerebral hemisphere is defined as one of the two regions of the brain that are delineated by the body's Anatomical_position#Median_and_sagittal_plane. The brain can thus be described as being divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres. Each of these hemispheres has an outer layer of grey matter called the cerebral cortex that is supported by an inner layer of white matter.
	Ceremony A ceremony is an activity, infused with ritual significance, performed on a special occasion.
	Cereus Cereus is a genus of cactus. The circumscription of this genus has always been in flux and depends on the authority.
	Cerium Cerium is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Ce and atomic number 58.
	Cerivastatin In pharmacology, cerivastatin is a synthetic member of the class of statins, used to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease. It was withdrawn from the market in 2001 because of the high rate of serious side-effects. Cerivastatin was marketed by the pharmaceutical company Bayer in the late 1990s as a new synthetic statin, to compete with Pfizer Inc.'s highly successful atorvastatin.
	Certificate A certificate is an official document affirming some fact. For example, a birth certificate or death certificate testifies to basic facts regarding a person's birth or death. A certificate may also certify that a person has received specific education or has passed a Test, and is considered below the standard of an academic degree.
	Certs Certs is a breath mints manufactured by the Cadbury Adams#Products Division of the Cadbury-Schweppes Corporation. Long one of Americas most popular mints, Certs was the first breath mint to be nationally marketed in the United States, and has been a fixture at American drug stores and convenience stores since its debut on the market in 1956.
	Cerulean blue Cerulean blue is a cerulean pigment used in painting. It is particularly valuable for painting atmospheric shades because of the purity of the blue. The pigment is regarded as Fugitive pigments: in Painting Oil, no other blue pigment retains color as well.
	Cerussite Cerussite is a mineral consisting of lead carbonate, and an important ore of lead. The name is from the Latin cerussa, white lead. Cerussa nativa was mentioned by K Gesner in 1565, and in 1832 Franois Sulpice Beudant applied the name cruse to the mineral, whilst the present form, cerussite, is due to W. Haidinger.
	Cervical cap The cervical cap is a barrier method of contraception with the device inserted into the vagina. It has a thimble shape and fits snugly over the cervix; suction is used to keep the cap in place, like the Prentif or by surface viscosity like the Oves pictured at right. The inside of the cap may be filled with a spermicide to combat sperm which get past the cap.
	Cervix The cervix is the lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina. It is cylindrical or conical in shape and protrudes through the upper anterior vaginal wall. Approximately half its length is visible with appropriate medical equipment; the remainder lies above the vagina beyond view.
	César Chávez de:Csar Chvez es:Csar Chvez fr:Csar Chvez simple:Csar Chvez
	César Franck Csar-Auguste-Jean-Guillaume-Hubert Franck, a composer, organist and music teacher of Belgian origin, was one of the great figures in classical music in France in the second half of the 19th century.
	Cesare Borgia Cesare Borgia , Duke of Valentinois, and Romagna, Prince of Andria and Venafro, Count of Dyois, Lord of Piombino, Camerino and Urbino, Gonfalonier and Captain-General of Catholic church , was a Spanish-Italian condottiero, lord and cardinal.
	Cestoda In biology, Cestoda is the class of parasitic flatworms, called tapeworms, that live in the digestive tract of vertebrates as adults and often in the bodies of various animals as juveniles. In a tapeworm infection, adults absorb food predigested by the host, so the worms have no need for a digestive tract or a mouth.
	Cestrum Cestrum is a genus of between 150-250 species of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the Americas, from the southernmost United States south to central Chile. They are shrubs growing to 1-4 m tall, mostly evergreen, a few deciduous.
	Cestrum nocturnum Cestrum nocturnum is a species of Cestrum, native to Mexico, Central America and Cuba. Common names include Night-blooming Cestrum, Lady of the Night, Queen of the Night, Night-blooming jessamine, and Night-blooming Jasmine. It is an evergreen shrub growing to 4 m tall.
	Cetacea The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. Cetus is Latin and is used in biological names to mean "whale"; its original meaning, "large sea animal," was more general. It comes from Greek language Ceto . Cetology is the branch of marine science associated with the study of cetaceans.
	Chabad-Lubavitch Chabad-Lubavitch also known as Chabad, Habad or Lubavitch, is one of the largest branches of Hasidic Judaism and one of the largest Jewish Orthodox Judaism movements worldwide, especially in the United States and Israel. Chabad is a Hebrew language Acronym and initialism for "???? Chokhmah, ???? Binah, ??? Da'at" .
	Chabazite Chabazite is a Silicate minerals mineral of the zeolite group with formula:Al2Si4O12ˇ6H2O. Recognized varieties include Chabazite-Ca, Chabazite-K, Chabazite-Na, and Chabazite-Sr depending on the prominence of the indicated cation.
	Chacma Baboon The Chacma Baboon is, like all other baboons, from the Old World monkey family. With a body length of up to 115 cm and a weight from 15 to 31 kg, it is the largest and heaviest baboon species. It has dark-brown or grey hair with a long snout; unlike other baboons, the males do not have a mane.
	Chad Chad , officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country in central Africa. It borders Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Due to its distance from the sea and its largely desert climate, the country is sometimes referred to as the "dead heart of Africa".
	Chador A chador is an outer garment worn by some Iranian women when they venture out into public; it is one possible way in which a Muslim woman may follow the Islamic hijab dress code. A chador is a full-length semi-circle of fabric open down the front. It is thrown over the head and held shut in front.
	Chaenomeles Chaenomeles is a genus of three species of deciduous spiny shrubs, usually 13 m tall, in the family Rosaceae. They are native to eastern Asia in Japan, China and Korea. These plants are related to the Quince and the Chinese Quince, differing in the serrated Leaf, and in the flowers having deciduous sepals and styles that are connate at the base.
	Chaetodon Chaetodon is a genera of fish.
	Chaffinch The Chaffinch,, is a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. Its large double white wing bars, white tail edges and greenish rump easily identify this 14-16 cm long species. The breeding male is unmistakable, with his reddish underparts and a grey cap. The female is drabber and greener, but still obvious.
	Chaga The Chaga are Bantu speaking Indigenous peoples of Africa African tribe and the third largest ethnic group in Tanzania. They live on the southern and eastern slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount Meru, as well as in the Moshi area. They are among East Africa's wealthiest and most educated people.
	Chaim Soutine Chaim Soutine was a Belarrusian expressionist painter. Born in Smilavichi, Russian Empire , he emigrated to Paris in 1913 with his friends Pinchus Kremegne and Michel Kikoine, where he studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts. He soon developed a highly personal vision and painting technique.
	Chaim Weizmann Chaim Azriel Weizmann was a chemist, statesman, President of the World Zionist Organization, first President of Israel and founder of a research institute in Israel which eventually became the Weizmann Institute of Science. Weizmann was born in a small village Motol near Pinsk and graduated in chemistry from the University of Fribourg in Switzerland in 1899.
	Chain Chain may refer to: In structures: * Chain Bridge, bridge across the Potomac River at the Little Falls in Washington, D.C. * Chain link fencing, type of fencing that utilizes vertical wires that are bent in a zig zag fashion and linked to each other * Szchenyi Chain Bridge, suspension bridge that spans River Danube between Buda and Pest
	Chain gang A chain gang is a group of prisoners chained together to perform a menial or physically challenging labor, such as chipping stone, often along a highway. This system existed primarily in the United States, and has been phased out in most of, but not all of, the country. Some states are reintroducing chain gangs, although perhaps in a less oppressive form.
	Chain pickerel The chain pickerel is a species of freshwater fish in the pike family of order Esociformes. It has a distinctive chainlike pattern on its sides and its body resembles that of the northern pike Synonym: Esox reticulatus. Also known as the federation pike or federation pickerel.
	Chain store Chain stores are a range of retail outlets which share a brand and central management, usually with standardized business methods and practices. They are not a type of business chain. Such stores may be branches owned by one types of companies or franchisings owned by local individuals or firms and operated under contract with the parent corporation.
	Chainsaw A chainsaw is a portable mechanical, motorized saw. It is most commonly used in logging activities such as tree felling, delimbing, and Log bucking; by tree surgeons to fell trees and remove branches and foliage; to fell snags and assist in cutting firebreaks in wildland fire suppression, and to harvest Wood fuel#Firewood.
	Chair A chair is a piece of furniture for sitting, consisting of a seat, a back, and sometimes arm rests, commonly for use by one person. Chairs also often have four legs to support the seat raised above the floor. Without back and arm rests it is called a stool. A chair for more than one person is a couch, sofa, settee, loveseat or Bench.
	Chairlift A chairlift, more correctly known as an elevated passenger ropeway, is a type of aerial lift, which consists of a continuously circulating steel cable strung in a loop between two end terminals and generally over intermediate towers. They are found at many ski areas, amusement parks, at various tourist attractions, and increasingly, in urban transport.
	Chaise longue A chaise longue is an upholster couch in the shape of a chair that is long enough to support the legs. It is often also called "" in North America, particularly in the furniture industry. This spelling and pronunciation has become well-established and can be found in American English dictionaries, and is an example of a folk etymology.
	Chalcanthite Chalcanthite, whose name derives from the Greek, chalkos and anthos, meaning copper flower, is a richly-colored blue/green solvent sulfate mineral, commonly found in the late-stage oxidation zones of copper deposits. Due to its ready solubility, chalcanthite is more frequently found in greater abundance in arid regions.
	Chalcedony Chalcedony is one of the cryptocrystalline varieties of the mineral quartz, having a waxy luster. Chalcedony may be semitransparent or translucent and is usually white to gray, grayish-blue or some shade of brown, sometimes nearly black. Other shades have been given different names.
	Chalcid wasp Chalcid wasps belong to the insect order Hymenoptera, and are one of the largest groups within the order, with some 22,000 known species, and an estimated total diversity of anywhere from 60,000 to more than 500,000 species, meaning the vast majority have yet to be discovered and described.
	Chalcis Chalcis or Chalkida, Halkida, Halkis or Chalkis, the chief town of the island of Euboea in Greece, situated on the strait of the Euripus Strait at its narrowest point. The name is preserved from antiquity and is derived from the Greek wiktionary:?a????, though there is no trace of any mines in the area.
	Chalcocite Chalcocite, copper(I) sulfide, is an important copper ore mineral. It is opaque, being colored dark-gray to black with a metallic luster. It has a hardness of 2 - 3. It is a sulfide with an orthorhombic crystal system. Chalcocite is sometimes found as a primary vein mineral in hydrothermal veins.
	Chalcopyrite Chalcopyrite is a copper iron sulfide mineral that crystallizes in the tetragonal system. It has the chemical composition CuFeS2. It has a brassy to golden yellow color and a Mohs hardness scale of 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale. Due to its color and high copper content, chalcopyrite has often been referred to as "yellow copper".