If you read the Iliad and the Odyssey, Odysseus supposedly went on a 20 year adventure after fighting in the Trojan War.... Quite a life he had.
I cannot sum up how he is famous, but he is well known for these adventures, some of which are Circe's Island, Sirens, and Polyphemus.

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Yes. Odysseus is one of the main heroes of the Iliad, and the main hero of the Odyssey. He is also the hero of lesser known works written around the same time as Homer called 'The Little Iliad' and 'The Sack of Ilion'. In Roman times he was known as Ulysses. According to Homer not only was he a brave warrior but he also had a brilliant and somewhat devious mind.

He became famous,because he is one of the successful warrior that became a king of Ithaca.