526 An earthquake kills about 300,000 people in Syria and Antiochia.
636 Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take control of Syria and Palestine away from the Byzantine Empire, marking the first great wave of Muslim conquests and the rapid advance of Islam outside Arabia.
969 Byzantine troops occupy Antioch Syria
1138 A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria.
1271 In Syria, sultan Baybars conquers the Krak of Chevaliers.
1941 World War II: Allies invade Syria and Lebanon.
1946 Syria's independence from France is officially recognised.
1946 Syria gains independence.
1946 Syria obtains its Independence from the French occupation.
1948 Following the demise of the British Mandate of Palestine, Egypt, Transjordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Saudi Arabia invade the territory partitioned for the Arab state by the British Mandate of Palestine thus starting the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
1949 Israel and Syria sign a truce to end their nineteen-month war.
1958 Egypt and Syria merge to form the United Arab Republic, which lasted until 1961.
1958 Egypt and Syria join to form the United Arab Republic.
1961 A military coup in Damascus effectively ends the United Arab Republic, the union between Egypt and Syria.
1961 Syria exits from the United Arab Republic.
1963 The Ba'ath Party comes to power in Syria in a Coup d'état by a clique of quasi-leftist Syrian Army officers calling themselves the National Council of the Revolutionary Command.
1963 The Ba'ath Party comes to power in Syria in a Coup d'état by a clique of quasi-leftist Syrian Army officers calling themselves the National Council of the Revolutionary Command.
1966 In Syria, Baath party member Salah Jadid leads an intra-party military coup that replaces the previous government of General Amin Hafiz, also a Baathist.
1966 The Ba'ath Party takes power in Syria.
1967 Six-Day War begins: The Israeli air force launches simultaneous pre-emptive attacks on the air forces of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria.
1967 Six-Day War: Israel captures the Golan Heights from Syria
1967 The Six-Day War ends: Israel and Syria agree to a cease-fire.
1970 Syrian tanks roll into Jordan in response to continued fighting between Jordan and the fedayeen.
1973 OPEC starts an oil embargo against a number of western countries, considered to have helped Israel in its war against Syria.
1973 A United Nations sanctioned cease-fire officially ends the Yom Kippur War between Israel and Syria.
1974 Turkish occupation of Cyprus: Forces from Turkey invade Cyprus after a "coup d' etat", organised by the dictator of Greece, against president Makarios. NATO's Council praises the United States and the United Kingdom for attempts to settle the dispute. Syria and Egypt put their militaries on alert.
1977 Egypt breaks diplomatic relations with Syria, Libya, Algeria, Iraq and South Yemen. The move is in retaliation for the Declaration of Tripoli against Egypt.
1982 Hama Massacre: Syria attacks the town of Hama.
1986 Nezar Hindawi is sentenced to 45 years in prison, the longest sentence handed down by a British court, for the attempted bombing on an El Al flight at Heathrow. After the verdict, the United Kingdom breaks diplomatic relations with Syria, claiming that Hindawi is helped by Syrian officials.
1990 End of the Lebanese Civil War. Syrian forces launch an attack on the free areas of Lebanon removing General Michel Aoun from the presidential palace.
2001 During a trip to Syria, Pope John Paul II becomes the first pope to enter a mosque.
2005 Lebanon's pro-Syrian prime minister, Omar Karami, resigns amid large anti-Syria street demonstrations in Beirut.
2005 Cedar Revolution, where hundreds of thousands of Lebanese went into the streets of Beirut to demonstrate against the Syrian military presence in Lebanon and against the government.
2005 Under international pressure, Syria withdraws the last of its 14,000 troop military garrison in Lebanon, ending its 29-year military domination of that country ( Syrian occupation of Lebanon ).
2005 Syria completes withdrawal from Lebanon, ending 29 years of occupation.